Wealth & Money

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ اَلسَّرِيِّ تُوُفِّيَ وَ أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ "رَحِمَهُ اَللَّهُ" قُلْتُ وَ إِنَّ اِبْنَهُ جَعْفَراً وَقَعَ عَلَى أُمِّ وَلَدٍ لَهُ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُخْرِجَهُ مِنَ اَلْمِيرَاثِ فَقَالَ لِي "أَخْرِجْهُ إِنْ كُنْتَ صَادِقاً فَسَيُصِيبُهُ خَبَلٌ " قَالَ فَرَجَعْتُ فَقَدَّمَنِي إِلَى أَبِي يُوسُفَ اَلْقَاضِي فَقَالَ لَهُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَنَا جَعْف

I said to Abu Al-Hasan (as): "Ali ibn Al-Sari has passed away and appointed me as his executor." Imam (as) said: "May Allah (swt) have mercy on him." I said: "His son Ja'far committed an act with his father's umm walad (concubine), and he instructed me to exclude him from the inheritance." Imam (as) said: "Exclude him

انْقِطَاعُ يُتْمِ الْيَتِيمِ الِاحْتِلَامُ وَ هُوَ أَشُدُّهُ وَ إِنِ احْتَلَمَ وَ لَمْ يُؤْنَسْ مِنْهُ رُشْدُهُ وَ كَانَ سَفِيهاً أَوْ ضَعِيفاً فَلْيُمْسِكْ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ مَالَهُ[2].

وَ إِنِ احْتَلَمَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَقْلٌ لَمْ يُدْفَعْ إِلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ أَبَداً[1].

I asked Imam (as) about an orphan who had memorized the Qur'an and had no deficiency in his intellect. The one holding his wealth wishes to invest it until the orphan reaches puberty and then hand over his wealth to him. Imam (as) said: "Even if he reaches puberty but does not have sound intellect, nothing should ever

إِذَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا لَا تُفْسِدُ وَ لَا تُضَيِّعُ فَسَأَلْتُهُ إِنْ كَانَتْ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَقَالَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَتْ فَقَدِ انْقَطَعَ مُلْكُ الْوَصِيِّ عَنْهَا[3].

I asked Imam (as) about an orphan girl - when should her wealth be handed over to her? Imam (as) said: "When you know that she will neither corrupt it nor waste it." I then asked Imam (as): "What if she has gotten married?" Imam (as) said: "Once she marries, the authority of the guardian over her ends." COMPEV قَالَ مُ

إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ دُفِعَ إِلَيْهَا مَالُهَا وَ جَازَ أَمْرُهَا فِي مَالِهَا وَ أُقِيمَتِ الْحُدُودُ التَّامَّةُ لَهَا وَ عَلَيْهَا[5]

إِينَاسُ الرُّشْدِ حِفْظُ الْمَالِ‌[1].

Hadith.5523 - It was narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), that he was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious: "But if you perceive in them sound judgment, then deliver their wealth to them" (Surah An-Nisa 4:6). Imam (as) said: "Perceiving sound judgment means the ability to safe

فِي تَفْسِيرِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُمْ يُحِبُّونَ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع فَارْفَعُوهُمْ دَرَجَةً.

Hadith.5524 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Abdullah ibn Al-Mughira from someone who mentioned from Abu Abdullah (as), that Imam (as) said in the interpretation of this verse: "If you perceive in them sound judgment, then deliver their wealth to them" (Surah An-Nisa 4

الرِّضَا ع عَنْ وَصِيِّ أَيْتَامٍ يُدْرِكُ أَيْتَامُهُ فَيَعْرِضُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا الَّذِي لَهُمْ فَيَأْبَوْنَ عَلَيْهِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ يُكْرِهُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ.

I asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) about the guardian of orphans whose wards have reached maturity. He offers them their rightful wealth, but they refuse to take it. What should he do? Imam (as) said: "He must return their wealth to them and compel them to take it."

لَهُ رُدَّ عَلَيَّ مَالِي لِأَتَزَوَّجَ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ فَذَهَبَ حَتَّى زَنَى قَالَ يُلْزَمُ ثُلُثَيْ إِثْمِ زِنَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ- ذَلِكَ الْوَصِيُّ الَّذِي مَنَعَهُ الْمَالَ وَ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ فَكَانَ يَتَزَوَّجُ.

Hadith.5526 - Muhammad ibn Ya'qub Al-Kulayni, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, narrated from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Qays from someone who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said regarding a man who died and appointed someone as the guardian of his affairs while leaving be

نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَ هُوَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ شَيْئاً قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَخَذُوا دِيَتَهُ فَعَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَقْضُوا دَيْنَهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5532 - Safwan ibn Yahya Al-Azraq narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as), regarding a man who was killed while owing a debt and left behind no wealth. His family took the blood money (diyyah) from his killer. Should they use it to settle his debt? Imam (as) said: "Yes." I asked: "Even though he left nothing behind?" Ima

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ الْمَرْأَةُ لَا يُوصَى إِلَيْهَا لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ‌ وَ لا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهاءَ أَمْوالَكُمُ‌[2].

Hadith.5533 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers, peace be upon them, who said that the Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "A woman should not be appointed as an executor of a will because Allah (swt), the Almighty a

لَا تُؤْتُوهَا شَارِبَ الْخَمْرِ وَ لَا النِّسَاءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ أَيُّ سَفِيهٍ أَسْفَهُ مِنْ شَارِبِ الْخَمْرِ[3].

Hadith.5534 - In another narration, Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious: "And do not give the weak-minded your wealth." (Qur'an 4:5). Imam (as) said: "Do not give it to one who drinks alcohol or to women." Then Imam (as) added: "And who is

لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَوْصَى لِرَجُلٍ بِوَصِيَّةٍ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثُلُثٍ أَوْ رُبُعٍ فَيُقْتَلُ الرَّجُلُ خَطَأً يَعْنِي الْمُوصِيَ‌[2] فَقَالَ تُجَازُ لِهَذَا الْوَصِيَّةُ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ‌[3].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who bequeathed a portion of his wealth - a third or a fourth - to another man. Then, the man (the testator) was mistakenly killed. Imam (as) said: "The will is to be executed from his wealth and from his blood money (diyyah)."

ثُلُثُ دِيَتِهِ دَاخِلٌ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ‌[4].

Hadith.5537 - In another narration, Abu Abdullah (as), was asked about a man who had bequeathed one-third of his wealth and was then killed by mistake. Imam (as) said: "One-third of his blood money (diyyah) is included in his bequest."

حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَاصِمِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ مُثَنَّى بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى‌ إِلَى رَجُلٍ بِوُلْدِهِ وَ مَالٍ لَهُمْ وَ أَذِنَ لَهُ عِنْدَ الْوَصِيَّةِ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ بِالْمَالِ وَ يَكُونُ الرِّبْحُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ ب

Hadith.5538 - Muhammad ibn Ya'qub Al-Kulayni, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad Al-'Asimi from Ali ibn Al-Hasan Al-Mithami from Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Yusuf from Mathanna ibn Al-Walid from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Abdullah (as), who was asked about a man who appointed another man a

يَا بُنَيَّ اقْبِضْ مَالَ إِخْوَتِكَ الصِّغَارِ وَ اعْمَلْ بِهِ وَ خُذْ نِصْفَ الرِّبْحِ وَ أَعْطِهِمُ النِّصْفَ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ ضَمَانٌ فَقَدَّمَتْنِي أُمُّ وَلَدِ أَبِي بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ أَبِي إِلَى ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ هَذَا يَأْكُلُ أَمْوَالَ وُلْدِي قَالَ فَقَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ أَبِي فَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى إِنْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ أَمَرَكَ بِالْبَاطِلِ لَمْ أُجِزْهُ ثُمَّ أَشْهَدَ ع

My father called me when death approached him and said: "O' my son, take charge of your younger brothers' wealth, invest it, take half of the profit for yourself, and give them the other half. You are not liable for any loss." After my father's death, my father's concubine brought me before Ibn Abi Layla and said: "Thi

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ لِوَارِثٍ لَهُ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ بِدَيْنٍ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ‌ يَجُوزُ إِذَا كَانَ الَّذِي أَقَرَّ بِهِ دُونَ الثُّلُثِ‌[1].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who, while ill and in debt, acknowledged a right for one of his heirs. Imam (as) said: "It is permissible if what he acknowledged is less than one-third (of his wealth)."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ اسْتَوْدَعَتْ رَجُلًا مَالًا فَلَمَّا حَضَرَهَا الْمَوْتُ قَالَتْ لَهُ إِنَّ الْمَالَ الَّذِي دَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْكَ لِفُلَانَةَ وَ مَاتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَأَتَى أَوْلِيَاؤُهَا الرَّجُلَ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّهُ كَانَ لِصَاحِبَتِنَا مَالٌ لَا نَرَاهُ إِلَّا عِنْدَكَ فَاحْلِفْ لَنَا مَا قِبَلَكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ أَ فَيَحْلِفُ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَأْمُونَةً عِنْدَهُ فَلْيَحْلِفْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a woman who entrusted a man with some wealth. When death approached her, she said to him, "The wealth I gave you belongs to so-and-so," and then the woman passed away. Her heirs came to the man and said: "Our relative had wealth, and we believe it is with you. Swear to us that you have

إِنِ اسْتُوقِنَ أَنَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ يُحِيطُ بِجَمِيعِ الْمَالِ فَلَا يُنْفَقُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُسْتَيْقَنْ فَلْيُنْفَقْ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ وَسَطِ الْمَالِ‌[4].

Hadith.5547 - Ibn Abi Nasr Al-Bazanti narrated through his chain of transmission that he was asked about a man who dies, leaving behind a family while owing a debt. Should his family be provided for from his wealth? Imam (as) said: "If it is certain that the debt encompasses all of his wealth, then nothing should be sp

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَمَّا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ بِالثُّلُثِ وَ الرُّبُعِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ أَ شَيْ‌ءٌ صَحِيحٌ مَعْرُوفٌ أَمْ كَيْفَ صَنَعَ أَبُوكَ فَقَالَ الثُّلُثُ ذَلِكَ الَّذِي صَنَعَ أَبِي ع‌[1].

I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about what people say regarding making a will for one-third or one-fourth of one's wealth at the time of death. Is this something correct and well-known, or how did your father (as) handle this matter? Imam (as) replied: "The one-third is what my father (as), peace be upon him, practiced."

إِلَيْهِ يَعْنِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَ جَعَلَ كُلَّ شَيْ‌ءٍ فِي حَيَاتِهِ لَكَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلَدٌ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَصَابَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَلَداً وَ مَبْلَغُ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قَدْ بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْكَ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ أَنْ تُعْلِمَنِي رَأْيَكَ لِأَعْمَلَ بِهِ فَكَتَبَ ع أَطْلِقْ لَهُمْ‌[3].

'I wrote to Imam (as) - meaning Imam Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Hadi (as) - about a man who died and had, during his lifetime, given everything he owned to you. He had no children at the time, but later he had a child. His total wealth amounted to three thousand dirhams, and I have sent you one thousand dirhams. If you see fi

إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع رَجُلٌ جَعَلَ لَكَ جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ شَيْئاً مِنْ مَالِهِ ثُمَّ احْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ أَ يَأْخُذُهُ لِنَفْسِهِ أَوْ يَبْعَثُ بِهِ إِلَيْكَ فَقَالَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ فِي ذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يُخْرِجْهُ عَنْ يَدِهِ وَ لَوْ وَصَلَ إِلَيْنَا لَرَأَيْنَا أَنْ نُوَاسِيَهُ بِهِ وَ قَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ‌[4]- قَالَ وَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ أَوْصَى لَكَ جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ مَع

"I wrote to Imam Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Hadi (as) asking about a man who allocated something from his wealth for you - may Allah (swt) make me your sacrifice - but later found himself in need of it. Should he take it back for himself or still send it to you?" Imam (as) replied: "He has the choice in this matter as long as

الْعَسْكَرِيَّ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِثُلُثِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ ثُلُثِي بَعْدَ مَوْتِي بَيْنَ مَوَالِيَّ وَ مَوْلَيَاتِي وَ لِأَبِيهِ مَوَالٍ يُدْخَلُونَ مَوَالِي أَبِيهِ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ بِمَا يُسَمَّوْنَ مَوَالِيَهُ أَمْ لَا يُدْخَلُونَ فَكَتَبَ ع لَا يُدْخَلُونَ‌[2].

"I asked Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as), about a man who bequeathed one-third of his wealth after his death, saying, "My one-third after my death is to be divided among my male and female servants." This man also had servants inherited from his father. Should the servants of his father be included in this bequest, b

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ لِفُلَانٍ وَ فُلَانٍ لِأَحَدِهِمَا عِنْدِي أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ ثُمَّ مَاتَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهُمَا أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ فَلَهُ الْمَالُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيِّنَةَ فَالْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَانِ‌[6].

Hadith.5557 - Al-Sakuni narrated through his chain of transmission that the Commander of the Faithful (as), peace be upon him, said regarding a man who, on his deathbed, confessed; "So-and-so and so-and-so each have a claim of one thousand dirhams against me," and then he died in that state. Imam (as) said: "Whoever am

لَهُ‌[1] إِنَّ فِي بَلَدِنَا رُبَّمَا أُوصِيَ بِالْمَالِ- لآِلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَيَأْتُونِّي بِهِ فَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَحْمِلَهُ إِلَيْكَ حَتَّى أَسْتَأْمِرَكَ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْتِنِي بِهِ وَ لَا تَعَرَّضْ لَهُ‌[2].

I said to Imam (as): 'In our town, sometimes people bequeath wealth to the family of Muhammad (sw), and they bring it to me. However, I hesitate to deliver it to you until I seek your permission.' Imam (as) replied: "Do not bring it to me, and do not involve yourself with it."

فَأَتَى بِهَا الرَّجُلُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ادْفَعْهَا إِلَى فُلَانٍ شَيْخٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ كَانَ مُعِيلًا مُقِلًّا فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ إِنَّمَا أَوْصَى بِهَا الرَّجُلُ لِوُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّهَا لَا تَقَعُ مِنْ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ هِيَ تَقَعُ مِنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَ لَهُ عِيَالٌ‌[3].

'A man bequeathed thirty dinars to the descendants of Sayyidah Fatimah {s.a}, peace be upon her. The man brought the money to Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Give it to such-and-such an elder from the descendants of Sayyidah Fatimah {s.a}, peace be upon her," and that man was poor and struggling to provide for his family

لَهُ إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ فَسَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يُشْرِكَ مَعِي ذَا قَرَابَةٍ لَهُ فَفَعَلَ وَ ذَكَرَ الَّذِي أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ أَنَّ لَهُ قِبَلَ الَّذِي أَشْرَكَهُ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ خَمْسِينَ وَ مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ عِنْدَهُ رَهْنٌ بِهَا جَامٌ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْشَأَ الْوَصِيُّ يَدَّعِي أَنَّ لَهُ قِبَلَهُ أَكْرَارَ حِنْطَةٍ قَالَ إِنْ أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ لَهُ قَالَ ق

I said to Imam (as): "A man appointed me as his executor, and I asked him to appoint a relative of his to share the responsibility with me, and he agreed. The one who appointed me mentioned that the co-executor owed him one hundred and fifty dirhams and that he had a silver cup as collateral for this debt. When the man

لَهُ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ وُلْداً صِغَاراً وَ تَرَكَ شَيْئاً وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ لَيْسَ يَعْلَمُ بِهِ الْغُرَمَاءُ فَإِنْ قُضِيَ لِغُرَمَائِهِ بَقِيَ وُلْدُهُ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ أَنْفِقْهُ عَلَى وُلْدِهِ‌[2].

I said to Imam (as): "One of your followers passed away, leaving behind young children and some wealth, but he also had a debt that his creditors are unaware of. If the debt is paid, nothing will remain for his children." Imam (as) said: "Spend it on his children."

كَتَبَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع‌ مُدَبَّرٌ وُقِفَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ صَاحِبُهُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ لَا يَفِي بِمَالِهِ فَكَتَبَ ع يُبَاعُ وَقْفُهُ فِي الدَّيْنِ‌[1].

Hadith.5571 - Muhammad ibn Isa Al-Ubaydi narrated that Ahmad ibn Hamzah wrote to Abu Al-Hasan, peace be upon him, regarding a mudabbar (a slave who was set to be freed upon his owner's death) who was placed in an endowment (waqf), and then his owner died while owing a debt that could not be covered by his remaining wea

إِنْ كَانَ أَوْقَفَهَا لِوُلْدٍ أَوْ لِغَيْرِهِمْ‌[5] ثُمَّ جَعَلَ لَهَا قَيِّماً لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا صِغَاراً وَ قَدْ شَرَطَ وَلَايَتَهَا لَهُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا فَيَحُوزُهَا لَهُمْ‌[6] لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهَا وَ إِنْ كَانُوا كِبَاراً وَ لَمْ يُسَلِّمْهَا إِلَيْهِمْ‌ وَ لَمْ يُخَاصِمُوا حَتَّى يَحُوزَهَا عَنْهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهَا[1] لِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَحُوزُونَهَا عَن

"I asked Imam (as) about a man who dedicates a property as an endowment (waqf) and then later decides to change something about it. Imam (as) said: "If he endowed it for his children or others and appointed a caretaker (qayyim) for it, then he cannot revoke it. If the beneficiaries were minors and he stipulated his gua

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ فُلاَناً اِبْتَاعَ ضَيْعَةً فَوَقَفَهَا وَ جَعَلَ لَكَ فِي اَلْوَقْفِ اَلْخُمُسَ وَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْ رَأْيِكَ فِي بَيْعِ حِصَّتِكَ مِنَ اَلْأَرْضِ أَوْ يُقَوِّمُهَا عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بِمَا اِشْتَرَاهَا بِهِ أَوْ يَدَعُهَا مَوْقُوفَةً فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَعْلِمْ فُلاَناً أَنِّي آمُرُهُ بِبَيْعِ حِصَّتِي مِنَ اَلضَّيْعَةِ وَ إِيصَالِ ثَمَنِ ذَلِكَ إ

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اشْتَرَيْتُ أَرْضاً إِلَى جَنْبِي بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَمَّا وَفَّرْتُ الْمَالَ خُبِّرْتُ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ وَقْفٌ فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ شِرَاءُ الْوَقْفِ وَ لَا تُدْخِلِ الْغَلَّةَ فِي مَالِكَ ادْفَعْهَا إِلَى مَنْ وُقِفَتْ عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ لَا أَعْرِفُ لَهَا رَبّاً قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِغَلَّتِهَا[2].

I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as), peace be upon him, and said: "May I be your ransom, I purchased a piece of land next to mine for one thousand dirhams. When I gathered the money, I was informed that the land was an endowment (waqf)." Imam (as) replied: "The purchase of endowment property is not permissible, and do not mix it

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَفَ غَلَّةً لَهُ عَلَى قَرَابَةٍ لَهُ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَ قَرَابَةٍ مِنْ أُمِّهِ‌ وَ أَوْصَى لِرَجُلٍ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْغَلَّةِ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ بِثَلَاثِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ وَ يُقْسَمُ الْبَاقِي عَلَى قَرَابَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ قَالَ جَائِزٌ لِلَّذِي أَوْصَى لَهُ بِذَلِكَ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ غَلَّةِ الْأَرْضِ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who endowed the yield of his property for his relatives from his father's side and his mother's side. He also made a bequest for a man and his descendants - who had no relation to him - to receive three hundred dirhams annually from that yield, with the remainder to be distributed

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ أَوْصَى أَنْ يُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعَةَ مَوَاسِمَ‌[1] فَأَوْقَفَ لِكُلِّ مَوْسِمٍ مَالًا يُنْفَقُ فِيهِ.

I heard Abu Abdullah (as), say that he instructed for mourning to be held for Him (as) for seven seasons (mawasim), and He (as) allocated money for each season to be spent for that purpose.

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَ لاَ أُحَدِّثُكَ بِوَصِيَّةِ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ " قُلْتُ بَلَى فَأَخْرَجَ حُقّاً أَوْ سَفَطاً فَأَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ كِتَاباً فَقَرَأَهُ " "بِسْمِ اَللّٰهِ اَلرَّحْمٰنِ اَلرَّحِيمِ" هَذَا مَا أَوْصَتْ بِهِ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَوْصَتْ بِحَوَائِطِهَا اَلسَّبْعَةِ، اَلْعَوَافِ وَ اَلدَّلاَلِ وَ اَلْبُرْقَةِ وَ اَلْمِيثَبِ وَ ا

Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), said: "Shall I tell you about the will of Sayyidah Fatimah {s.a}, peace be upon her?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) then brought out a box or a container, from which he took out a document and read it: "In the name of Allah (swt), the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. This is w

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ بِالْمَالِ أَوِ الدَّارِ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ صَغِيراً[3].

Hadith.5586 - In the narration of Ibn Abi Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj, he said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who gave charity to his son in the form of wealth or a house. I asked: "Does he have the right to take it back?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, unless the son is a minor."

لَهُ رَجُلٌ اشْتَرَى دَاراً فَبَقِيَتْ عَرْصَةٌ فَبَنَاهَا بَيْتَ غَلَّةٍ أَ يُوقِفُهُ عَلَى الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ إِنَّ الْمَجُوسَ أَوْقَفُوا عَلَى بَيْتِ النَّارِ[1].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who bought a house, and there remained an empty plot of land. He built upon it a house to generate income. Should he endow it for the mosque? Imam (as) replied: "Indeed, the Magians endowed property for their fire temples."

هِيَ لَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ كَمَا شَرَطَ قُلْتُ فَإِنِ احْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِهَا يَبِيعُهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَيَنْقُضُ بَيْعُهُ الدَّارَ السُّكْنَى قَالَ لَا يَنْقُضُ الْبَيْعُ السُّكْنَى كَذَلِكَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي ع يَقُولُ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لَا يَنْقُضُ الْبَيْعُ الْإِجَارَةَ وَ لَا السُّكْنَى وَ لَكِنَّهُ يَبِيعُهُ عَلَى أَنَّ الَّذِي يَشْتَرِيهِ لَا يَمْلِكُ مَا اشْتَرَى حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ السُّكْنَى عَلَى مَا شَ

I asked Imam (as) about a man who granted residence in his house to another man for the duration of his life or made it for him and his descendants after him. Imam (as) said: "It belongs to him and his descendants as stipulated." I asked: "If he needs to sell it, can he sell it?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes." I asked: "Doe

أَرَى أَنْ تُقَوَّمَ الدَّارُ بِقِيمَةٍ عَادِلَةٍ وَ يُنْظَرَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ الْمَيِّتِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي ثُلُثِهِ مَا يُحِيطُ بِثَمَنِ الدَّارِ فَلَيْسَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الثُّلُثُ لَا يُحِيطُ بِثَمَنِ الدَّارِ فَلَهُمْ أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ قِيلَ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي جُعِلَ لَهُ السُّكْنَى بَعْدَ مَوْتِ صَاحِبِ الدَّارِ يَكُونُ السُّكْنَى لِعَقِبِ الَّذِي جُعِلَ لَهُ السُّ

I asked Imam (as) about a man who granted another man the right to reside in his house for the duration of his own life (meaning the life of the house owner). Then, the one who granted the residence passed away while the one granted the residence remained alive. I asked: "If the heirs wish to remove him from the house,

يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهُ قُلْتُ فَلَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ قَالَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْكَنَ رَجُلًا وَ لَمْ يُوَقِّتْ لَهُ شَيْئاً قَالَ يُخْرِجُهُ صَاحِبُ الدَّارِ إِذَا شَاءَ[1].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who allowed another man to reside in his house for the duration of his life. Imam (as) replied: "It is permissible for him, and he does not have the right to evict him." I asked: "Does this also apply to his descendants?" Imam (as) replied: "It is permissible for him." I then asked Imam (a

النَّاسُ فِيهِ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِنْ كَانَ شَرَطَ حَيَاتَهُ فَهُوَ حَيَاتَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِعَقِبِهِ فَهُوَ لِعَقِبِهِ كَمَا شَرَطَ حَتَّى يَفْنَوْا ثُمَّ تُرَدُّ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الدَّارِ[2].

I asked Imam (as) about Al-sukna (residential right) and Al-umra (life estate). Imam (as) replied: "People are bound by their conditions. If he stipulated it for his lifetime, then it is for his lifetime. If he stipulated it for his descendants, then it is for his descendants as stipulated until they perish, after whic

إِنْ كَانَ جَعَلَ السُّكْنَى فِي حَيَاتِهِ فَهُوَ كَمَا شَرَطَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَعَلَهَا لَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ حَتَّى يَفْنَى عَقِبُهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ‌[3] أَنْ يَبِيعُوا وَ لَا يُورِثُوا الدَّارَ ثُمَّ تُرْجَعُ الدَّارُ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا الْأَوَّلِ.

Hadith.5599 - Muhammad ibn Al-Fudayl narrated from Abu Al-Sabbah Al-Kinani from Abu Abdullah (as) who was asked about Al-sukna (residential right) and Al-umra (life estate). Imam (as) said: "If the residential right was granted for his lifetime, then it is as stipulated. But if it was granted to him and his descendants

حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ‌

My father narrated to me from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, who said: Al-Zuhri narrated from Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Utbah, who said: I sat with Ibn Abbas, and the topic of inheritance shares was brought up. Ibn Abbas said: "Glory be to Allah (swt) the Almighty! Do you think that the One who has counted the grains of the san

قَالَ الْفَضْلُ وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْعَدَنِيُ‌[4] صَاحِبُ سُفْيَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْكُوفِيُّ صَاحِبُ أَبِي يُوسُفَ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ‌[5] عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ‌[6] عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ‌

Layth ibn Abi Sulaym narrated from Abu Amr Al-Abdi, from Ibn Sulayman, from Imam Ali ibn Abi Ṭalib (as), who used to say: "The shares of inheritance are from six portions: two-thirds is four portions, half is three portions, one-third is two portions, one-fourth is one and a half portions, and one-eighth is three-fourt

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ وَرِثَ عَلِيٌّ ع مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عِلْمَهُ وَ وَرِثَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع تَرِكَتَهُ.

Hadith.5605 - Jamil bin Darraj narrated from Zurara, who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that he said: "Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) inherited the knowledge of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), and Sayyida Fatimah {s.a} (peace be upon her) inherited his possess

لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ رَجُلٌ هَلَكَ وَ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَ عَمَّهُ فَقَالَ الْمَالُ لِلِابْنَةِ قَالَ وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ ابْنَةً لَهُ وَ أَخاً أَوْ قَالَ ابْنَ أَخِيهِ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ طَوِيلًا[3] ثُمَّ قَالَ الْمَالُ لِلِابْنَةِ.

I said to Abu Ja'far Al-Thani (as): "May I be sacrificed for you! A man has died and left behind his daughter and his paternal uncle." Imam (as) replied: "The entire wealth belongs to the daughter." Al-Bazanti further said: I asked Imam (as), "A man has died and left behind his daughter and a (his) brother", or he said

الْمَالُ لَهُنَ‌[4].

I asked Imam (as) about my neighbor who passed away and left behind daughters. Imam (as) replied: "The wealth belongs to them."

الْمَالُ لِلِابْنَةِ[5] وَ لَيْسَ لِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَ الْأُمِّ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

Hadith.5609 - It is narrated by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri'ab from Zurara from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who passed away and left behind his daughter and his full sister (sister from his father and mother). Imam (as) said: "The wealth belongs to the daughter, and the full si

وَ كَتَبَ الْبَزَنْطِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ‌ وَ أَخَاهُ قَالَ ادْفَعِ الْمَالَ إِلَى الِابْنَةِ إِنْ لَمْ تَخَفْ مِنْ عَمِّهَا شَيْئاً.

Hadith.5610 - Al-Bazanti wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) regarding a man who passed away and left behind his daughter and his brother. Imam (as) replied: "Give the wealth to the daughter if you do not fear anything from her uncle."

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ لَا وَارِثَ لَهَا غَيْرُهُ قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ غَيْرُهُ فَالْمَالُ لَهُ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ لَهَا الرُّبُعُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْإِمَامِ‌[2].

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a woman who passed away and left behind her husband with no other heirs. Imam (as) said: "If there are no other heirs, the wealth belongs to him. For a woman, she receives one-fourth, and whatever remains belongs to the Imam (as)."