وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ إِذَا أَتَى عَلَى الْغُلَامِ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ فَإِنَّهُ يَجُوزُ لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ مَا أَعْتَقَ أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ وَ أَوْصَى عَلَى حَدٍّ مَعْرُوفٍ وَ حَقٍّ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ.
"When a boy reaches the age of ten, whatever he does with his wealth - whether he frees a slave, gives charity, or makes a will within reasonable limits and rightful matters - is valid."
لَيْسَ عِنْدِي فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ فَسَأَلَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع فَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع إِنَّ الْمَجُوسِيَّ لَمْ يُوصِ لِفُقَرَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لَكِنْ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ مِقْدَارُ ذَلِكَ الْمَالِ مِنْ مَالِ الصَّدَقَةِ فَيُرَدَّ عَلَى فُقَرَاءِ الْمَجُوسِ[1].
"I have no ruling on this issue." Then he asked Abu Al-Hasan (as), and Abu Al-Hasan (as) replied: "The Magian did not bequeath his wealth to the poor Muslims. Therefore, it is appropriate that an equivalent amount from the charity funds be taken and returned to the poor among the Magians."
أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ وَ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ فَقَالُوا تَصَدَّقْ بِهَا عَنْهُ فَلَمَّا لَقِيتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْحَسَنِ فِي الطَّوَافِ سَأَلْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ مَوَالِيكُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ مَاتَ وَ أَوْصَى بِتَرِكَتِهِ إِلَيَّ وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَحُجَّ بِهَا عَنْهُ فَنَظَرْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَلَمْ يَكْفِ لِلْحَجِّ فَسَأَلْتُ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا مِنَ الْفُقَهَاءِ فَقَالُوا تَصَدَّقْ بِهَا عَنْهُ فَ
A man entrusted me with his estate and instructed me to perform Hajj on his behalf. When I examined the amount, I found it to be very little and insufficient for Hajj. I asked Abu Hanifa and the jurists of Kufa, and they said: 'Give it in charity on his behalf'. Later, when I met Abdullah ibn Al-Hasan during Tawaf, I a
اطْلُبْ لَهُ وَارِثاً أَوْ مَوْلًى فَادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُعْلَمْ لَهُ وَلِيُّ قَالَ اجْهَدْ أَنْ تَقْدِرَ لَهُ عَلَى وَلِيٍّ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْهُ وَ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْكَ الْجَهْدَ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَا[2].
I asked Imam (as) about a man for whom a bequest was made, but he died before receiving it and left no offspring. Imam (as) said: "Seek an heir or his mawla (guardian) and give it to him." I asked: "What if no heir is known?" Imam (as) replied: "Exert yourself in searching for an heir for him, and if you cannot find on
أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ فَقَالَ يُجْعَلُ ذَلِكَ أَثْلَاثاً ثُلُثاً فِي الْحَجِّ وَ ثُلُثاً فِي الْعِتْقِ وَ ثُلُثاً فِي الصَّدَقَةِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنْ أَهْلِي مَاتَتْ وَ أَوْصَتْ إِلَيَّ بِثُلُثِ مَالِهَا وَ أَمَرَتْ أَنْ يُعْتَقَ عَنْهَا وَ يُحَجَّ عَنْهَا وَ يُتَصَدَّقَ عَنْهَا فَنَظَرْتُ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ فَقَالَ ع ابْدَأْ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِنَّهُ فَرِيضَةٌ مِنْ فَرَ
A woman from my family entrusted me with her wealth and instructed that emancipation (of slaves) be made on her behalf, that Hajj be performed, and that charity be given. However, the amount left was insufficient to cover all that. I consulted Abu Hanifah, and he said: "It should be divided into three parts - one-third
لَهُمَا أَنْتُمَا أَحْرَارٌ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ فَاشْهَدَا أَنَّ مَا فِي بَطْنِ جَارِيَتِي هَذِهِ مِنِّي فَوَلَدَتْ غُلَاماً فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى الْوَرَثَةِ أَنْكَرُوا ذَلِكَ وَ اسْتَرَقُّوهُمْ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْغُلَامَيْنِ أُعْتِقَا بَعْدُ فَشَهِدَا بَعْدَ مَا أُعْتِقَا أَنَّ مَوْلَيهُمَا الْأَوَّلَ أَشْهَدَهُمَا أَنَّ مَا فِي بَطْنِ جَارِيَتِهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُمَا لِلْغُلَامِ وَ لَا يَسْتَرِقَّهُمَا ا
Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man who was on a journey with a female slave and two male servant slaves. The man said to the two male slaves, "You both are free for the sake of Allah (swt). Bear witness that what is in the womb of this bondwoman is from me." Later, the bondwoman ga
أَعْتِقْ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً حَتَّى ذَكَرَ خَمْسَةً فَنُظِرَ فِي ثُلُثِهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ ثُلُثُهُ أَثْمَانَ قِيمَةِ الْمَمَالِيكِ الْخَمْسَةِ الَّذِينَ أَمَرَ بِعِتْقِهِمْ[3] قَالَ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى الَّذِينَ سَمَّاهُمْ وَ بَدَأَ بِعِتْقِهِمْ فَيُقَوَّمُونَ وَ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى ثُلُثِهِ فَيُعْتَقُ مِنْهُ أَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ ذَكَرَ ثُمَّ الثَّانِي وَ الثَّالِثُ ثُمَّ الرَّابِعُ ثُمَّ الْخَامِسُ فَإِنْ عَجَزَ الثّ
Hadith.5493 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Jamilah from Humran from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who, on his deathbed, made a will saying, "Free so-and-so, and so-and-so, and so-and-so," until he mentioned five individuals. When his estate was assessed, it was found that one-th
يُمْضَى عِتْقُ الْغُلَامِ وَ يَكُونُ النُّقْصَانُ فِيمَا بَقِيَ[4].
I asked Imam (as) about a man who, when death approached him, freed his slave and made a will, but the total of his bequests exceeded one-third of his estate. Imam (as) replied: "The emancipation of the slave is to be carried out, and any reduction should be applied to what remains (of the bequests beyond the one-third
يُبْدَأُ بِالْعِتْقِ فَيُنْفَذُ[5].
Hadith.5495 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa narrated from Abu Hammam Ismail ibn Hammam from Abu Al-Hasan (as) regarding a man who, at the time of his death, made a will bequeathing wealth to his relatives and also freed a slave. However, the total of what he bequeathed exceeded one-third of his estate. He was asked how th
وَ رَوَى النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَادٍّ عَنِ الْجَازِيِ[1] عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي رَجُلٍ تُوُفِّيَ فَتَرَكَ جَارِيَةً أَعْتَقَ ثُلُثَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا الْوَصِيُّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْسَمَ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ أَنَّهَا تُقَوَّمُ وَ تُسْتَسْعَى هِيَ وَ زَوْجُهَا فِي بَقِيَّةِ ثَمَنِهَا بَعْدَ مَا تُقَوَّمُ فَمَا أَصَابَ الْمَرْأَةَ مِنْ عِتْقٍ أَوْ رِقٍّ جَرَى عَلَى وَلَدِهَا[2].
Hadith.5496 - Al-Nadr ibn Shuayb narrated from Khalid ibn Maad from Al-Jazi from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who passed away and left behind a slave woman of whom he had freed one-third. The executor of his will married her before any division of the inheritance had taken place. Imam (as) said: "She should be app
أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَحْضُرُهُ الْوَفَاةُ وَ لَهُ مَمَالِيكُ لِخَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ وَ مَمَالِيكُ فِي الشِّرْكَةِ مَعَ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَيُوصِي فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ مَمَالِيكِي أَحْرَارٌ مَا خَلَا مَمَالِيكِيَ الَّذِينَ فِي الشِّرْكَةِ[4] فَكَتَبَ ع يُقَوَّمُونَ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مَالُهُ يَحْتَمِلُ[5] ثُمَّ هُمْ
I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who was on his deathbed and had slaves solely for himself and others jointly owned with another person. In his will, he stated, "My slaves are free, except for those who are in partnership." Imam (as) wrote in response: "They should be appraised against his estate, and if his wealt
لَهُ إِنَّ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ أَوْصَى أَنْ أُعْتِقَ عَنْهُ رَقَبَةً فَأَعْتَقْتُ عَنْهُ امْرَأَةً أَ فَتُجْزِيهِ أَوْ أُعْتِقُ عَنْهُ مِنْ مَالِي قَالَ يُجْزِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ أُمَّ ابْنِي أَوْصَتْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ عَنْهَا رَقَبَةً فَأَعْتَقْتُ عَنْهَا امْرَأَةً[3].
I asked Abu Abdullah (as), "Alqamah ibn Muhammad instructed me in his will to free a slave on his behalf, so I freed a female slave for him. Is that sufficient, or should I free another from my own wealth?" Imam (as) replied: "It suffices him." Then Imam (as) added, "Indeed, Faṭimah, the mother of my son, had instructe
إِنْ كَانَ صَرُورَةً حُجَّ عَنْهُ مِنْ وَسَطِ الْمَالِ[4] وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ صَرُورَةٍ فَمِنَ الثُّلُثِ[5].
I asked Imam (as) about a man who died and had instructed that Hajj be performed on his behalf. Imam (as) replied: "If he had never performed Hajj (was a ṣarurah), then Hajj should be performed on his behalf from the middle of his wealth. But if he was not a ṣarurah, then it should be performed from one-third of his we
وَ قَالَ فِي امْرَأَةٍ أَوْصَتْ بِمَالٍ فِي عِتْقٍ وَ حَجٍّ وَ صَدَقَةٍ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ قَالَ ابْدَأْ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِنَّهُ مَفْرُوضٌ فَإِنْ بَقِيَ شَيْءٌ فَاجْعَلْ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ طَائِفَةً وَ فِي الْعِتْقِ طَائِفَةً[6].
Hadith.5500 - And Imam (as) said regarding a woman who bequeathed her wealth for emancipation (freeing slaves), performing Hajj, and giving charity, but her wealth was insufficient: "Begin with Hajj because it is an obligation. If anything remains, allocate a portion for charity and a portion for emancipation."
أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِثَلَاثِينَ دِينَاراً يُعْتَقُ بِهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ يُشْتَرَى مِنَ النَّاسِ فَيُعْتَقُ[1].
I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who bequeathed thirty dinar for the emancipation of a man from among our companions, but no such person was found. Imam (as) said: "A person should be purchased from among the people and then emancipated."
وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَلْيَشْتَرُوا مِنْ عُرْضِ النَّاسِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ نَاصِبِيّاً[2].
Hadith.5502 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah narrated from Imam (as) that he said: "Then let them purchase from among the general people as long as he is not a Naṣibi (one who harbors enmity towards the Ahl Al-Bayt (as))."
وَ رَوَى أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنِ الشَّيْخِ يَعْنِي مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ سِتِّينَ مَمْلُوكاً فَأَعْتَقَ ثُلُثَهُمْ فَأَقْرَعْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ أَعْتَقْتُ الثُّلُثَ.
Hadith.5503 - Aban ibn Uthman narrated from Muhammad ibn Marwan from the Shaykh, meaning Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as), from his father, Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), peace be upon them both, that Imam (as) said: "Indeed, Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), passed away and left six
أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ مُحَرَّرَةٍ كَانَ أَعْتَقَهَا أَخِي وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ تَخْدُمُ الْجَوَارِيَ وَ كَانَتْ فِي عِيَالِهِ فَأَوْصَانِي أَنْ أُنْفِقَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الْوَسَطِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَعَ الْجَوَارِي وَ أَقَامَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَنْفِقْ عَلَيْهَا وَ اتَّبِعْ وَصِيَّتَهُ[3].
I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), about a freed woman whom my brother had emancipated. She used to serve the maidservants and was living among his family. He had instructed me to spend on her moderately. Abu Jafar (as), said: "If she remained with the maidservants and continued serving them, then s
أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى أَنْ يُعْتَقَ عَنْهُ نَسَمَةٌ مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ بِخَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَاشْتَرَى الْوَصِيُّ نَسَمَةً بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ فَضَلَتْ فَضْلَةٌ فَمَا تَرَى فِي الْفَضْلَةِ قَالَ تُدْفَعُ إِلَى النَّسَمَةِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تُعْتَقَ ثُمَّ تُعْتَقُ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ[4].
I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who had made a will that a soul be freed on his behalf from one-third of his wealth with five hundred dirhams. The executor of the will bought a soul for less than five hundred, and some amount remained. What do you say about the remaining amount? Imam (as) said: "It should be giv
لِي إِنْ حَدَثَ بِي حَدَثٌ فَأَعْطِ فُلَاناً عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَعْطِ أُخْتِي بَقِيَّةَ الدَّنَانِيرِ فَمَاتَ وَ لَمْ أَشْهَدْ مَوْتَهُ فَأَتَى رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ صَادِقٌ فَقَالَ لِي إِنَّهُ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقُولَ لَكَ انْظُرْ إِلَى الدَّنَانِيرِ الَّتِي أَمَرْتُكَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَهَا إِلَى أُخْتِي فَتَصَدَّقْ مِنْهَا بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ اقْسِمْهَا فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أُخْتُهُ أَنَّ عِنْدِي شَيْئاً ف
I asked Imam (as) about a man who had dinars with me and was ill. He said to me, "If something happens to me, give so-and-so twenty dinars and give the remainder of the dinars to my sister." The man passed away, and I was not present at his death. Then, a truthful Muslim man came to me and said: "He instructed me to te
كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع فِي الْوُقُوفِ وَ مَا رُوِيَ فِيهَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع فَوَقَّعَ ع الْوُقُوفُ تَكُونُ عَلَى حَسَبِ مَا يُوقِفُهَا أَهْلُهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
Hadith.5567 - Muhammad ibn Al-Hasan Al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, wrote to Abu Muhammad Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as), peace be upon him, regarding endowments (awqaf) and what has been narrated about them from his forefathers (as), peace be upon them. Imam (as) replied: "Endowments are to be manag
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّالِثِ ع أَنِّي وَقَفْتُ أَرْضاً عَلَى وُلْدِي وَ فِي حِجٍّ وَ وُجُوهِ بِرٍّ وَ لَكَ فِيهِ حَقٌّ بَعْدِي وَ لِمَنْ بَعْدَكَ وَ قَدْ أَزَلْتُهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْرَى فَقَالَ أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ وَ مُوَسَّعٌ لَكَ[3].
"I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Thalith (the third), peace be upon him, saying: "I have endowed a piece of land for my children, for Hajj, and for acts of charity, and I also designated a right in it for you after me and for those who come after you. However, I have now revoked that arrangement." Imam (as) replied: "You ar
لَهُ[4] رَوَى بَعْضُ مَوَالِيكَ عَنْ آبَائِكَ ع أَنَّ كُلَّ وَقْفٍ إِلَى وَقْتٍ مَعْلُومٍ[5] فَهُوَ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى الْوَرَثَةِ وَ كُلَّ وَقْفٍ إِلَى غَيْرِ وَقْتٍ جَهْلٌ مَجْهُولٌ بَاطِلٌ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَى الْوَرَثَةِ[1] وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِقَوْلِ آبَائِكَ عَلَيْكَ وَ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ فَكَتَبَ ع هُوَ هَكَذَا عِنْدِي[2].
Hadith.5569 - Ali ibn Mahziyar narrated that he said: I asked Imam (as): "Some of your followers have narrated from your forefathers, peace be upon them, that every endowment (waqf) specified for a known period is binding upon the heirs, but any endowment without a specified period is unclear, invalid, and rejected by
إِلَيْهِ[3] جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَيْسَ لِي وَلَدٌ وَ لِي ضِيَاعٌ وَرِثْتُهَا عَنْ أَبِي وَ بَعْضُهَا اسْتَفَدْتُهَا وَ لَا آمَنُ مِنَ الْحَدَثَانِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي وَلَدٌ وَ حَدَثَ بِي حَدَثٌ فَمَا تَرَى جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنْ أَقِفَ بَعْضَهَا عَلَى فُقَرَاءِ إِخْوَانِي وَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ أَوْ أَبِيعَهَا وَ أَتَصَدَّقَ بِثَمَنِهَا فِي حَيَاتِي عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنِّي أَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ لَا يُنْفَذَ الْوَقْفُ بَعْدَ م
I wrote to Imam (as) - may I be your sacrifice - saying, "I have no children, and I possess estates that I inherited from my father and some that I acquired myself. I do not feel secure from unforeseen events. If I remain childless and something happens to me, what do you advise - may I be your sacrifice - should I ded
كَتَبَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع مُدَبَّرٌ وُقِفَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ صَاحِبُهُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ لَا يَفِي بِمَالِهِ فَكَتَبَ ع يُبَاعُ وَقْفُهُ فِي الدَّيْنِ[1].
Hadith.5571 - Muhammad ibn Isa Al-Ubaydi narrated that Ahmad ibn Hamzah wrote to Abu Al-Hasan, peace be upon him, regarding a mudabbar (a slave who was set to be freed upon his owner's death) who was placed in an endowment (waqf), and then his owner died while owing a debt that could not be covered by his remaining wea
إِلَيْهِ ع مَيِّتٌ أَوْصَى بِأَنْ يُجْرَى عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ وَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْ بِإِنْفَاذِ ثُلُثِهِ[2] هَلْ لِلْوَصِيِّ أَنْ يُوقِفَ ثُلُثَ الْمَيِّتِ بِسَبَبِ الْإِجْرَاءِ[3]- فَكَتَبَ ع يُنْفِذُ ثُلُثَهُ وَ لَا يُوقِفُ[4].
I wrote to Imam (as) regarding a deceased person who had willed that a portion of his estate from his one-third share be allocated to support a man for as long as he lived, but he did not explicitly instruct for the execution of his entire one-third share. Is it permissible for the executor to turn the deceased's one-t
إِنْ كَانَ أَوْقَفَهَا لِوُلْدٍ أَوْ لِغَيْرِهِمْ[5] ثُمَّ جَعَلَ لَهَا قَيِّماً لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا صِغَاراً وَ قَدْ شَرَطَ وَلَايَتَهَا لَهُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا فَيَحُوزُهَا لَهُمْ[6] لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهَا وَ إِنْ كَانُوا كِبَاراً وَ لَمْ يُسَلِّمْهَا إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لَمْ يُخَاصِمُوا حَتَّى يَحُوزَهَا عَنْهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهَا[1] لِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَحُوزُونَهَا عَن
"I asked Imam (as) about a man who dedicates a property as an endowment (waqf) and then later decides to change something about it. Imam (as) said: "If he endowed it for his children or others and appointed a caretaker (qayyim) for it, then he cannot revoke it. If the beneficiaries were minors and he stipulated his gua
إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أَرْضٍ أَوْقَفَهَا جَدِّي عَلَى الْمُحْتَاجِينَ مِنْ وُلْدِ فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَجْمَعُ الْقَبِيلَةَ وَ هُمْ كَثِيرٌ مُتَفَرِّقُونَ فِي الْبِلَادِ وَ فِي وُلْدِ الْوَاقِفِ حَاجَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ فَسَأَلُونِي أَنْ أَخُصَّهُمْ بِهَا دُونَ سَائِرِ وُلْدِ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَجْمَعُ الْقَبِيلَةَ فَأَجَابَ ع ذَكَرْتَ الْأَرْضَ الَّتِي أَوْقَفَهَا جَدُّكَ عَلَى
I wrote to Abu Ja'far Al-Thani (as), peace be upon him, asking about a piece of land that my grandfather had endowed for the needy among the descendants of so-and-so, the man who united the tribe. However, they are numerous and scattered across different lands, while the descendants of the one who made the endowment ar
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ فُلاَناً اِبْتَاعَ ضَيْعَةً فَوَقَفَهَا وَ جَعَلَ لَكَ فِي اَلْوَقْفِ اَلْخُمُسَ وَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْ رَأْيِكَ فِي بَيْعِ حِصَّتِكَ مِنَ اَلْأَرْضِ أَوْ يُقَوِّمُهَا عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بِمَا اِشْتَرَاهَا بِهِ أَوْ يَدَعُهَا مَوْقُوفَةً فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَعْلِمْ فُلاَناً أَنِّي آمُرُهُ بِبَيْعِ حِصَّتِي مِنَ اَلضَّيْعَةِ وَ إِيصَالِ ثَمَنِ ذَلِكَ إ
أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اشْتَرَيْتُ أَرْضاً إِلَى جَنْبِي بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَمَّا وَفَّرْتُ الْمَالَ خُبِّرْتُ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ وَقْفٌ فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ شِرَاءُ الْوَقْفِ وَ لَا تُدْخِلِ الْغَلَّةَ فِي مَالِكَ ادْفَعْهَا إِلَى مَنْ وُقِفَتْ عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ لَا أَعْرِفُ لَهَا رَبّاً قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِغَلَّتِهَا[2].
I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as), peace be upon him, and said: "May I be your ransom, I purchased a piece of land next to mine for one thousand dirhams. When I gathered the money, I was informed that the land was an endowment (waqf)." Imam (as) replied: "The purchase of endowment property is not permissible, and do not mix it
أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَفَ غَلَّةً لَهُ عَلَى قَرَابَةٍ لَهُ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَ قَرَابَةٍ مِنْ أُمِّهِ وَ أَوْصَى لِرَجُلٍ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْغَلَّةِ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ بِثَلَاثِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ وَ يُقْسَمُ الْبَاقِي عَلَى قَرَابَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ قَالَ جَائِزٌ لِلَّذِي أَوْصَى لَهُ بِذَلِكَ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ غَلَّةِ الْأَرْضِ
I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who endowed the yield of his property for his relatives from his father's side and his mother's side. He also made a bequest for a man and his descendants - who had no relation to him - to receive three hundred dirhams annually from that yield, with the remainder to be distributed
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوْصَى أَنْ يُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعَةَ مَوَاسِمَ[1] فَأَوْقَفَ لِكُلِّ مَوْسِمٍ مَالًا يُنْفَقُ فِيهِ.
I heard Abu Abdullah (as), say that he instructed for mourning to be held for Him (as) for seven seasons (mawasim), and He (as) allocated money for each season to be spent for that purpose.
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَ لاَ أُحَدِّثُكَ بِوَصِيَّةِ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ " قُلْتُ بَلَى فَأَخْرَجَ حُقّاً أَوْ سَفَطاً فَأَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ كِتَاباً فَقَرَأَهُ " "بِسْمِ اَللّٰهِ اَلرَّحْمٰنِ اَلرَّحِيمِ" هَذَا مَا أَوْصَتْ بِهِ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَوْصَتْ بِحَوَائِطِهَا اَلسَّبْعَةِ، اَلْعَوَافِ وَ اَلدَّلاَلِ وَ اَلْبُرْقَةِ وَ اَلْمِيثَبِ وَ ا
Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), said: "Shall I tell you about the will of Sayyidah Fatimah {s.a}, peace be upon her?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) then brought out a box or a container, from which he took out a document and read it: "In the name of Allah (swt), the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. This is w
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَرَجِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ قَالَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ[2] مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي سَنَةِ ثَلَاثٍ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ خَلَّفَ امْرَأَةً وَ بَنِينَ وَ بَنَاتٍ وَ خَلَّفَ لَهُمْ غُلَاماً أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ هُوَ حُرٌّ بَعْدَ الْعَشْرِ سِنِينَ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لِهَؤُلَ
Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Ibrahim wrote to Imam (as) in the year 233 AH, asking about a man who passed away and left behind a wife, sons, and daughters. He had also left them a servant (ghulam) whom he had endowed for them for ten years, after which the servant would become free. He asked: "Is it permissible for these hei
ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى أَرَى أَنْ أَدَعَهَا عَلَى مَا تَرَكَهَا صَاحِبُهَا فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ أَمَا إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَدْ قَضَى فِي هَذَا الْمَسْجِدِ بِخِلَافِ مَا قَضَيْتَ فَقَالَ وَ مَا عِلْمُكَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع يَقُولُ قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع بِرَدِّ الْحَبِيسِ وَ إِنْفَاذِ الْمَوَارِيثِ[5]- فَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى هَذَا عِنْدَكَ فِي كِتَا
I was present with Ibn Abi Layla when Imam (as) ruled on a case involving a man who had allocated the yield (ghallah) of his house to one of his relatives without specifying a time limit. When the man passed away, his heirs came before Ibn Abi Layla, along with the relative who had been granted the house's yield. Ibn A
أَ وَ مَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَمَرَ بِرَدِّ الْحَبِيسِ وَ إِنْفَاذِ الْمَوَارِيثِ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَفَعَلَ كَمَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي شَكَوْتُكَ إِلَى جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع فَقَالَ لِي كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ قَالَ فَحَلَّفَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ فَحَلَفْتُ لَهُ فَقَضَى لِي بِذَلِكَ.
I used to frequently go to Ibn Abi Layla regarding an inheritance matter of ours so that he could divide it. Part of the estate included a habis (a temporary endowment), but he kept postponing the matter. When this delay persisted, I complained about him to Abu Abdullah (as). Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Does he not know t
وَ رَوَى يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي كَهْمَسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سِتَّةٌ تَلْحَقُ الْمُؤْمِنَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ وَلَدٌ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ وَ مُصْحَفٌ يُخَلِّفُهُ[3] وَ غَرْسٌ يَغْرِسُهُ وَ بِئْرٌ يَحْفِرُهَا وَ صَدَقَةٌ يُجْرِيهَا وَ سُنَّةٌ يُؤْخَذُ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.
Hadith.5583 - Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Six things continue to benefit a believer after his death: a child who seeks forgiveness for him, a Quran that he leaves behind, a tree that he plants, a well that he digs, a charity that he establishes, and a good practice (sunnah) that is followe
جَائِزٌ[5].
Hadith.5584 - Ali ibn Asbat narrated from Muhammad ibn Humran from Zurara, who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding a man who gives a shared charity (sadaqah mushtarakah). Imam (as) said: "It is permissible."
إِذَا لَمْ يَقْبِضُوا حَتَّى يَمُوتَ فَهِيَ مِيرَاثٌ فَإِنْ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ لِأَنَّ الْوَالِدَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَلِي أَمْرَهُمْ[1] وَ قَالَ ع لَا يَرْجِعْ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ[2].
Hadith.5585 - Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id narrated from Al-Nadr, from Al-Qasim ibn Sulayman, from Ubayd ibn Zurara, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as), that he said regarding a man who gave charity to his children who had reached maturity: "If they do not take possession of it before his death, then it becomes inheritance. Bu
أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ بِالْمَالِ أَوِ الدَّارِ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ صَغِيراً[3].
Hadith.5586 - In the narration of Ibn Abi Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj, he said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who gave charity to his son in the form of wealth or a house. I asked: "Does he have the right to take it back?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, unless the son is a minor."
لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ وَالِدِي تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيَّ بِدَارٍ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهَا وَ إِنَّ قُضَاتَنَا يَقْضُونَ لِي بِهَا فَقَالَ نِعْمَ مَا قَضَتْ بِهِ قُضَاتُكُمْ وَ لَبِئْسَ مَا صَنَعَ وَالِدُكَ إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَةُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَمَا جُعِلَ لِلَّهِ فَلَا رَجْعَةَ فِيهِ لَهُ[5] فَإِنْ أَنْتَ خَاصَمْتَهُ فَلَا تَرْفَعْ عَلَيْهِ صَوْتَكَ وَ إِنْ رَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ فَاخْفِضْ أَنْتَ صَوْ
I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "My father gave me a house in charity, but later he wanted to take it back. However, our judges ruled in my favor." Imam (as) replied: "What your judges ruled is correct, but what your father did was wrong. Charity is for Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, and whatever is given for Allah
وَ رَوَى رِبْعِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ تَصَدَّقَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع بِدَارِهِ الَّتِي فِي الْمَدِينَةِ فِي بَنِي زُرَيْقٍ[2] فَكَتَبَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ* هَذَا مَا تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ سَوِيٌّ تَصَدَّقَ بِدَارِهِ الَّتِي فِي بَنِي زُرَيْقٍ صَدَقَةً لَا تُبَاعُ وَ لَا تُوهَبُ وَ لَا تُورَثُ حَتَّى
"The Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), peace be upon him, donated his house in Medina located in the area of Banu Zurayq. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) wrote: 'In the name of Allah (swt), the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. This is what Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) donates while He (as) is alive an
لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنَّ أُمِّي تَصَدَّقَتْ عَلَيَّ بِنَصِيبٍ لَهَا فِي دَارٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا إِنَّ الْقُضَاةَ لَا يُجِيزُونَ هَذَا وَ لَكِنِ اكْتُبِيهِ شِرًى فَقَالَتْ اصْنَعْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَ كُلَّمَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ يَسُوغُ لَكَ فَتَوَثَّقْتُ[6] فَأَرَادَ بَعْضُ الْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يَسْتَحْلِفَنِي أَنِّي قَدْ نَقَدْتُ هَذَا الثَّمَنَ وَ لَمْ أَنْقُدْهَا شَيْئاً فَمَا تَرَى قَالَ احْلِفْ لَهُ.
I said to Abu Al-Hasan (as): "My mother gave me her share in a house as charity. I told her that the judges do not approve of this, but if you write it as a sale, it would be accepted." She replied: "Do whatever you think is appropriate and whatever seems permissible to you." So, I secured it accordingly. Later, one of
يُقَوَّمُ ذَلِكَ قِيمَةً فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ ثَمَنُهُ[1].
Hadith.5590 - Muhammad ibn Sulayman Al-Daylami narrated from his father, who narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as). He said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who donates part of his house to a stranger and then dies. Imam (as) replied: "It should be appraised for its value, and its price should
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ الْمِيرَاثُ فَهِيَ لَهُ[2].
Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), said: "Whoever gives a charity and it is returned to him through inheritance, then it belongs to him."
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ السَّكُونِيِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ يَرُدُّ النِّحْلَةَ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ وَ مَا أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ بِلَا ثَبَتٍ وَ لَا بَيِّنَةٍ رَدَّهُ[3].
Hadith.5592 - In the narration of Al-Sakuni: "Indeed, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), peace be upon him, used to reject gifts (grants) in a will, and whatever a person acknowledged at the time of his death without proof or evidence; Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) would reject it."
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ أَوْصَى أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع بِهَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةِ هَذَا مَا تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع تَصَدَّقَ بِأَرْضِهِ فِي مَكَانِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا كُلِّهَا وَ حَدُّ الْأَرْضِ
Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) made this endowment: "This is what Musa ibn Jafar (as) has endowed. He (as) has endowed all His (as) land in such and such a place. The boundary of the land is such and such. He (as) has endowed all of it, including its palm trees, land, water channels, water, mills, righ
لَهُ رَجُلٌ اشْتَرَى دَاراً فَبَقِيَتْ عَرْصَةٌ فَبَنَاهَا بَيْتَ غَلَّةٍ أَ يُوقِفُهُ عَلَى الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ إِنَّ الْمَجُوسَ أَوْقَفُوا عَلَى بَيْتِ النَّارِ[1].
I asked Imam (as) about a man who bought a house, and there remained an empty plot of land. He built upon it a house to generate income. Should he endow it for the mosque? Imam (as) replied: "Indeed, the Magians endowed property for their fire temples."
يُقْسَمُ مِيرَاثُهُ وَ يُعْزَلُ لِلْغَائِبِ نَصِيبُهُ قُلْتُ فَعَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةُ قَالَ لَا حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ فَيَقْبِضَهُ وَ يَحُولَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْلُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا يُدْرَى أَيْنَ هُوَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الْوَرَثَةُ مِلَاءً[3] اقْتَسَمُوا مِيرَاثَهُ فَإِنْ جَاءَ رَدُّوهُ عَلَيْهِ.
I asked Imam (as) about a man who died and left behind children, some of whom were absent and their whereabouts were unknown. Imam (as) said: "Inheritance should be divided, and the share of the absent one will be set aside." I asked: "Is zakat due on it?" Imam (as) said: "No, not until he returns, takes possession of
يَطْلُبُ قَالَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ قَدْ طَالَ عَلَيْهِ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ قَالَ يَطْلُبُ[4].
Hadith.5710 - Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman narrated from Ibn Awn from Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who had a rightful claim over another person but lost contact with him. He did not know where to search for him, whether he was alive or dead, and was unaware of any heir, lineage, or child related