The Book of Haj

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يُضْطَرُّ فَيَجِدُ الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الصَّيْدَ أَيَّهُمَا يَأْكُلُ قَالَ يَأْكُلُ مِنَ الصَّيْدِ مَا يُحِبُ‌[1] أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ مَالِهِ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ وَ لْيَفْدِهِ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who faces an emergency and there are only carcasses and a prey. Which one can he eat? He (the Imam) said, ’He can eat from the prey as much as he likes to eat from his belongings? I then said, ‘Is it so?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He only owes to pay ransom; he can eat and p

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمُضْطَرِّ إِلَى الْمَيْتَةِ وَ هُوَ يَجِدُ الصَّيْدَ قَالَ يَأْكُلُ الصَّيْدَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ لَهُ الْمَيْتَةَ إِذَا اضْطُرَّ إِلَيْهَا وَ لَمْ يُحِلَّ لَهُ الصَّيْدَ قَالَ تَأْكُلُ مِنْ مَالِكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ أَوْ مِنْ مَيْتَةٍ قُلْتُ مِنْ مَالِي قَالَ هُوَ مَالُكَ لِأَنَّ عَلَيْكَ فِدَاهُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدِي مَالٌ قَالَ تَقْتَضِيهِ إِذَا رَجَ

‘I asked Abu 'Abdillah (AS) about the one desperate to the dead (animal carcass), and he can find the hunted prey.' He said: ‘He should eat the hunted prey.' I said, ‘Allah has permitted the animal carcass for him when he is desperate for it, and has not permitted the hunted prey for him?’ He said: ‘Is your eating from

فِي رَجُلٍ اضْطُرَّ إِلَى مَيْتَةٍ وَ صَيْدٍ وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ قَالَ يَأْكُلُ الصَّيْدَ وَ يَفْدِي.

“About the case of a man in the state of Ihram who is forced to eat from hunting or carcasses, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that he can eat from hunting and pay the ransom.”

يَفْدِي الْمُحْرِمُ فِدَاءَ الصَّيْدِ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَصَابَهُ‌[2].

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘One who hunts in the state of Ihram must pay the ransom where he has hunted.’”

مَنْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ هَدْيٌ فِي إِحْرَامِهِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَنْحَرَهُ حَيْثُ شَاءَ إِلَّا فِدَاءَ الصَّيْدِ[3] فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- هَدْياً بالِغَ الْكَعْبَةِ[4].

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad certain persons of his people who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who owes to offer an offering because of violation of rules in the state of Ihram can slaughter wherever he wants except the ransom for hu

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَنْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ فِدَاءٌ صَيْداً أَصَابَهُ وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فَإِنْ كَانَ حَاجّاً نَحَرَ هَدْيَهُ الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ بِمِنًى وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُعْتَمِراً نَحَرَ بِمَكَّةَ قُبَالَةَ الْكَعْبَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one owes to slaughter an offering because of his hunting in the state of Ihram if he is for al-Hajj, he must slaughter it in Mina’; if he is for al-‘Umrah, then he must slaughter it in Makkah in front of al-Ka‘bah.’”

فِي الْمُحْرِمِ إِذَا أَصَابَ صَيْداً فَوَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَنْحَرَهُ إِنْ كَانَ فِي الْحَجِّ بِمِنًى حَيْثُ يَنْحَرُ النَّاسُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي عُمْرَةٍ نَحَرَهُ بِمَكَّةَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ إِلَى أَنْ يَقْدَمَ فَيَشْتَرِيَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُجْزِئُ عَنْهُ‌[5].

“Disbursement of ransom is obligatory on a man, who in the state of Ihram kills a prey. Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that he must slaughter such offering in Mina’ if he is for al-Hajj, where other people slaughter; but if he is for al-‘Umrah, then he must slaughter in Makkah; or if he likes, he can wait until he arrives

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مُحْرِمٍ أَصَابَ نَعَامَةً أَوْ حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى بَدَنَةٍ قَالَ فَلْيُطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ قَالَ فَلْيَصُمْ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً وَ الصَّدَقَةُ مُدٌّ عَلَى كُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مُحْرِمٍ أَصَابَ بَقَرَةً قَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَقَرَةٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى بَقَ

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram and he kills an ostrich or a wild donkey. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must pay one badanah.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if he cannot afford?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He must feed sixty destitute people.’ I asked, ‘What happens if he cannot afford?

إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ بَدَنَةً فَسَبْعُ شِيَاهٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ صَامَ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً.[2]

about a man who owes one badanah as obligatory ransom. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he cannot find one badanah, then it is seven sheep; and if he cannot afford then he must fast for eighteen days.’”

يُثَمِّنُ قِيمَةَ الْهَدْيِ طَعَاماً ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِكُلِّ مُدٍّ يَوْماً فَإِذَا زَادَتِ الْأَمْدَادُ عَلَى شَهْرَيْنِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهُ‌[1].

“This is about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . or equivalent of it fasting.’ (5:95) Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The offering animal is evaluated with food stuff, then for every mud (a certain measurement) he fasts one day. If the number of mud (a certain measurement) is above the number o

قُلْتُ لَهُ الْمُحْرِمُ يَقْتُلُ نَعَامَةً قَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ قُلْتُ يَقْتُلُ حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ قُلْتُ فَالْبَقَرَةَ قَالَ بَقَرَةٌ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who kills an ostrich. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one badanah of camel.’ I then asked about wild donkey. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one badanah.’ I then asked about a cow. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one cow.’”

عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَإِطْعَامُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً وَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ قِيمَةُ الْبَدَنَةِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ إِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى إِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً وَ إِنْ كَانَ قِيمَةُ الْبَدَنَةِ أَقَلَّ مِنْ إِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا قِيمَةُ الْبَدَنَةِ[2].

“About a man who in the state of Ihram kills an ostrich, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He must pay one badanah; if he cannot afford then he must feed sixty destitute people.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If the value of badanah is more than feeding sixty destitute people, it is not obligatory to feed more than sixty; if it

إِنْ كَانَ الظَّبْيُ مَشَى عَلَيْهَا وَ رَعَى فَعَلَيْهِ رُبُعُ قِيمَتِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ ذَهَبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَلَمْ يَدْرِ مَا صَنَعَ فَعَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ قَدْ هَلَكَ‌[3].

“About a man who hunts a deer, the arrow hits one of its front legs and it becomes lame. He (the Imam) said, ‘If the deer walks and grazes he must pay one-fourth of its value and if it goes away and no one knows what happened to it, he must pay the ransom because he does not know; perhaps it died.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ ثَعْلَباً قَالَ عَلَيْهِ دَمٌ قُلْتُ فَأَرْنَباً قَالَ مِثْلُ مَا عَلَى الثَّعْلَبِ‌[1].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who kills a fox. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one animal offering.’ I asked about his killing a rabbit. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is like what is for a fox.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مُحْرِمٍ أَصَابَ أَرْنَباً أَوْ ثَعْلَباً قَالَ فِي الْأَرْنَبِ شَاةٌ.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram and kills a rabbit or a fox. He (the Imam) said, ‘For a rabbit he owes one sheep.’”

الْيَرْبُوعُ وَ الْقُنْفُذُ وَ الضَّبُّ إِذَا أَصَابَهُ الْمُحْرِمُ فَعَلَيْهِ جَدْيٌ وَ الْجَدْيُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ عَلَيْهِ هَذَا كَيْ يَنْكُلَ عَنْ صَيْدِ غَيْرِهِ.

‘The expiation for killing a Jerboa, a hedgehog and lizard is one goat. The goat is better but it is made obligatory on him as penalty for hunting.’”

إِذَا أَصَابَ الْمُحْرِمُ الصَّيْدَ وَ لَمْ يَجِدْ مَا يُكَفِّرُ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ الَّذِي أَصَابَ فِيهِ الصَّيْدَ قُوِّمَ جَزَاؤُهُ مِنَ النَّعَمِ دَرَاهِمَ ثُمَّ قُوِّمَتِ الدَّرَاهِمُ طَعَاماً لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ صَامَ لِكُلِّ نِصْفِ صَاعٍ يَوْماً[2].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this rule about the following case of hunting. ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills an animal and does not find anything at that place for its expiation, he must evaluate a head of the cattle in terms of dirham. He then must evaluate dirham in terms of foodstuff. He must give half of a

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ بَيْضَ نَعَامَةٍ وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ قَالَ يُرْسِلُ الْفَحْلَ فِي الْإِبِلِ عَلَى عَدَدِ الْبَيْضِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ الْبَيْضَ يَفْسُدُ كُلُّهُ وَ يَصْلُحُ كُلُّهُ قَالَ مَا يُنْتَجُ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ فَهُوَ هَدْيٌ بَالِغُ الْكَعْبَةِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُنْتَجْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ إِبِلًا فَعَلَيْهِ لِكُلِّ بَيْضَةٍ شَاةٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَالصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ مَسَاك

about a man who is involved in hunting matters of the egg of ostrich while in the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must send male camel on female camel equal to the number of eggs affected.’ I then said, ‘Eggs may all become spoiled or all of them may hatch.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever the product is, as offe

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى لِرَجُلٍ مُحْرِمٍ بَيْضَ نَعَامَةٍ فَأَكَلَهُ الْمُحْرِمُ قَالَ عَلَى الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ لِلْمُحْرِمِ فِدَاءٌ وَ عَلَى الْمُحْرِمِ فِدَاءٌ قُلْتُ وَ مَا عَلَيْهِمَا قَالَ عَلَى الْمُحِلِّ جَزَاءُ قِيمَةِ الْبَيْضِ لِكُلِّ بَيْضَةٍ دِرْهَمٌ وَ عَلَى الْمُحْرِمِ الْجَزَاءُ لِكُلِّ بَيْضَةٍ شَاةٌ.[1] - عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ ع

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.) about a man who buys ostrich eggs for someone who is in the state of Ihram and he (the man in the state of Ihram) eats it. He (the Imam) said, ‘The one who bought it to the one in the state of Ihram owes ransom, and the one in the state of Ihram owes ransom.’ I then asked, ‘How much?‘ He

عَلَيْهِ دَمٌ وَ جَزَاءٌ فِي الْحَرَمِ‌[2].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram, when passing by takes hold of a deer, draws her milk and drinks it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes an animal offering as penalty to offer in al-Haram (the sacred area).”’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مُحْرِمٍ كَسَرَ قَرْنَ ظَبْيٍ قَالَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَسَرَ يَدَهُ قَالَ إِنْ كَسَرَ يَدَهُ وَ لَمْ يَرْعَ فَعَلَيْهِ دَمُ شَاةٍ[3].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram breaks the horn of a deer. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes a ransom.’ I then asked about his breaking one of its hand (front legs). He (the Imam) said, ‘If he breaks its hand and does not treat it to cure, he owes one sheep.’”

الْمُحْرِمُ إِذَا أَصَابَ حَمَامَةً فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ وَ إِنْ قَتَلَ فِرَاخَهُ‌[1] فَفِيهِ حَمَلٌ وَ إِنْ وَطِئَ الْبَيْضَ فَعَلَيْهِ دِرْهَمٌ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a pigeon, the ransom for it is one sheep, if he kill its chick its ransom is one lamb, and if he steps on its egg its ransom is one dirham.’”

فِي الْحَمَامَةِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهَا إِذَا قَتَلَهَا الْمُحْرِمُ شَاةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِرَاخاً فَعَدْلُهَا مِنَ الْحُمْلَانِ وَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ وَطِئَ بَيْضَ نَعَامَةٍ فَفَدَغَهَا[3] وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فَقَالَ قَضَى فِيهِ عَلِيٌّ ع أَنْ يُرْسِلَ الْفَحْلَ عَلَى مِثْلِ عَدَدِ الْبَيْضِ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَمَا لَقِحَ وَ سَلِمَ حَتَّى يُنْتَجَ كَانَ النِّتَاجُ‌ هَدْياً بالِغَ الْكَعْبَةِ.

2. Muhammad b. Yahya has narrated from Ahmad b. Muhammad from Muhammad b. Isma‘il from al-Fadl b. Shadhan from Abul Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu Abdillah (as), has said, ‘For killing pigeons and its like in the state of Ihram, the ransom is one sheep, and for chicks it is one lamb for each.’ He (t

إِذَا قَتَلَ الْمُحْرِمُ قَطَاةً فَعَلَيْهِ حَمَلٌ قَدْ فُطِمَ مِنَ اللَّبَنِ وَ رَعَى مِنَ الشَّجَرِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a sandgrouse, he owes one lamb which is weaned and grazes shrubs.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[4] عَنْ مُحْرِمٍ وَطِئَ بَيْضَ قَطَاةٍ فَشَدَخَهُ قَالَ يُرْسِلُ الْفَحْلَ فِي عَدَدِ الْبَيْضِ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ كَمَا يُرْسِلُ الْفَحْلَ فِي عَدَدِ الْبَيْضِ مِنَ النَّعَامِ فِي الْإِبِلِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram steps on the egg of a sandgrouse and shatters it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must send rams on ewes equal to the number of eggs affected, as in the case of the eggs of an ostrich in which male camel are sent on female camels.’”

فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍ‌ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي بَيْضِ الْقَطَاةِ بَكَارَةٌ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ إِذَا أَصَابَهُ الْمُحْرِمُ مِثْلُ مَا فِي بَيْضِ النَّعَامِ بَكَارَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ‌[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is in the book of Ali (a.s.), that the ransom for breaking the egg of a sandgrouse is one young ewe, just as for the egg of an ostrich the ransom is one young she camel.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ فَرْخاً وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فِي غَيْرِ الْحَرَمِ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ حَمَلٌ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةٌ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي الْحَرَمِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram kills a chick in non-al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one lamb and he does not have to pay its cost because it is not in al-Haram (the sacred area).”’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ قِيمَةِ مَا فِي الْقُمْرِيِّ وَ الدُّبْسِيِّ وَ السُّمَانَى وَ الْعُصْفُورِ وَ الْبُلْبُلِ‌[3] فَقَالَ قِيمَتُهُ فَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ بِالْحَرَمِ فَقِيمَتَانِ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ دَمٌ.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yasin al-Darir from Hariz from those whom he has mentioned from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the cost of turtledove, al-Dubsiy, (a certain bird), quail, sparrow and nightinga

عَلَيْهِ مُدٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram kills a lark, sparrow or al-Sa‘wah (small sparrow). He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one mud (a certain measurement) of food for each one of them.’”

فِي كِتَابِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَنْ أَصَابَ قَطَاةً أَوْ حَجَلَةً[5] أَوْ دُرَّاجَةً أَوْ نَظِيرَهُنَّ فَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘It is in the book of Ali (a.s.), ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a sandgrouse, partridge or francolin or a similar bird he owes an offering animal.”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ أَصَابَ طَيْرَيْنِ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ- وَ الْآخَرُ مِنْ حَمَامِ غَيْرِ الْحَرَمِ قَالَ يَشْتَرِي بِقِيمَةِ الَّذِي مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ قَمْحاً[1] فَيُطْعِمُهُ حَمَامَ الْحَرَمِ وَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِجَزَاءِ الْآخَرِ[2].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who has harmed two birds. One is of the pigeons of al-Haram (the sacred area) and the other is from non-al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘He must buy an amount of wheat which is of equal value to the pigeon of al-Haram and feed it to the pigeons of al-Hara

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ أَصَابَا صَيْداً وَ هُمَا مُحْرِمَانِ الْجَزَاءُ بَيْنَهُمَا أَوْ عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا جَزَاءٌ فَقَالَ لَا بَلْ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يَجْزِيَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا الصَّيْدَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا سَأَلَنِي عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَ هَذَا فَلَمْ تَدْرُوا فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالاحْتِيَاطِ حَتَّى تَسْأَلُوا عَنْهُ فَتَعْل

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of two men who kill one prey while they are in the state of Ihram; if they each pay one ransom or both pay only one ransom. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, each one must pay a penalty for the prey.’ I then said that certain persons of our people asked me about it and I did no

إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ قَوْمٌ عَلَى صَيْدٍ وَ هُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ فِي صَيْدِهِ أَوْ أَكَلُوا مِنْهُ فَعَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ قِيمَتُهُ‌[3].

‘If a group of people together kill a prey while they are in the state of Ihram or eat from its flesh, each one must pay the cost of such prey.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع صَيْدٌ أَكَلَهُ قَوْمٌ مُحْرِمُونَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِمْ شَاةٌ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِي ذَبَحَهُ إِلَّا شَاةٌ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a people who in the state of Ihram eat from the flesh of an animal which is hunted. He (the Imam) said, ‘They owe one sheep and the one who has slaughtered does not owe more than a sheep.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ اشْتَرَوْا صَيْداً فَقَالَتْ رَفِيقَةٌ لَهُمْ اجْعَلُوا لِي فِيهِ بِدِرْهَمٍ فَجَعَلُوا لَهَا فَقَالَ عَلَى كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ فِدَاءٌ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a people who buy an animal which is hunted, and one of their female companions ask them to leave for her something thereof for a dirham. He (the Imam) said, ‘Every human being of them owes a ransom.’”

خَرَجْنَا سِتَّةَ نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَأَوْقَدْنَا نَاراً عَظِيمَةً فِي بَعْضِ الْمَنَازِلِ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَطْرَحَ عَلَيْهَا لَحْماً ذَكِيّاً وَ كُنَّا مُحْرِمِينَ فَمَرَّ بِنَا طَائِرٌ صَافٌّ قَالَ حَمَامَةٌ أَوْ شِبْهُهَا فَأَحْرَقَتْ جَنَاحَهُ فَسَقَطَ فِي النَّارِ فَمَاتَ فَاغْتَمَمْنَا لِذَلِكَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِمَكَّةَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْكُمْ

“In a group one year we went for Makkah and on the way, once we started a large fire to cook a certain amount of meat, while we were in the state of Ihram; and a bird like a pigeon flapping its wings, flew by and hit the fire. Its wings burnt and it died. We became depressed. I then went to see abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), i

عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا الْفِدَاءُ.

‘Each one of them owes a ransom.’

لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَصِيدَ الْمُحْرِمُ السَّمَكَ وَ يَأْكُلَ مَالِحَهُ وَ طَرِيَّهُ وَ يَتَزَوَّدَ وَ قَالَ‌ أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ صَيْدُ الْبَحْرِ وَ طَعامُهُ‌ مَتاعاً لَكُمْ‌[3] قَالَ مَالِحُهُ الَّذِي يَأْكُلُونَ وَ فَصْلُ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا كُلُّ طَيْرٍ يَكُونُ فِي الْآجَامِ يَبِيضُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ يُفْرِخُ فِي الْبَرِّ فَهُوَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَرِّ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَرِّ يَكُونُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ يَبِيضُ فِي الْبَحْ

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not harmful to catch fish while one is in the state of Ihram and use it for food, regardless if it is salty or fresh. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, “Hunting from the sea is made lawful for you and sea food is for your supplies.” (5:96) He (the Imam) has said, ‘

كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ يَكُونُ أَصْلُهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ يَكُونُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ فَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُحْرِمِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ فَإِنْ قَتَلَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ الْجَزَاءُ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Everything that originates from the sea but is found on land and in the sea, should not be killed by those who are in the state of Ihram. If they kill such animals, they owe penalty as Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ مِنْ مُحْرِمٍ قَتَلَ جَرَادَةً قَالَ كَفٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ كَثِيراً فَعَلَيْهِ دَمُ شَاةٍ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram and kills a locust. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one handful of food, but if they are many then he owes one sheep.’”

يُطْعِمُ تَمْرَةً وَ التَّمْرَةُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ جَرَادَةٍ.

“About a man who kills a locust while in the state of Ihram, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He must feed a date (to a destitute person), even though a date is better than a locust.’”

اعْلَمْ أَنَّ مَا وَطِئْتَ مِنَ الدَّبَا[3] أَوْ وَطِئَتْهُ بَعِيرُكَ فَعَلَيْكَ فِدَاؤُهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must take notice that whatever moving things you or your camel may step on, you owe ransom therefore.’”

مَرَّ عَلِيٌّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ يَأْكُلُونَ جَرَاداً فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ أَنْتُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ- فَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَحْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ ارْمُوهُ فِي الْمَاءِ إِذاً.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that once Ali (a.s.), passed by a people who were eating locusts. He said Tasbih (Allah is free of all defects) and you are in the state of Ihram! They said, ‘It is of the object of hunting from the sea.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If that is the case, then throw them in the sea.’”

الْمُحْرِمُ يَتَنَكَّبُ الْجَرَادَ[5] إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ بُدّاً فَقَتَلَ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ.

‘A person in the state of Ihram should avoid locusts, if they are on the road but if it is not avoidable and they get killed, then there is nothing on him.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[1] عَنِ الْجَرَادِ يَدْخُلُ مَتَاعَ الْقَوْمِ فَيَدُوسُونَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ تَعَمُّدٍ لِقَتْلِهِ أَوْ يَمُرُّونَ بِهِ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فَيَطَئُونَهُ قَالَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَ مَعْدِلًا فَاعْدِلْ عَنْهُ فَإِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ غَيْرَ مُتَعَمِّدٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about locusts which get into the people’s goods and they unintentionally trample upon them or when passing on the road; step on them. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you can, avoid it but if you kill it unintentionally, then there is nothing on you.”’

لَا يَأْكُلِ الْمُحْرِمُ طَيْرَ الْمَاءِ[2].

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram, must not eat sea birds.’”

عَلَيْهِ الْكَفَّارَةُ فِي كُلِّ مَا أَصَابَ‌[3].

‘He owes expiation for whatever he kills.’”

عَلَيْهِ الْكَفَّارَةُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَصَابَ آخَرَ قَالَ إِذَا أَصَابَ آخَرَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَ هُوَ مِمَّنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ مَنْ عادَ فَيَنْتَقِمُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ‌[4].

“This is about a man who in the state of Ihram hunts a bird. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He owes expiation.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if he kills another one?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he kills another one there is no expiation but he is of those about whom Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, “Those

إِذَا أَصَابَ الْمُحْرِمُ الصَّيْدَ خَطَأً فَعَلَيْهِ أَبَداً فِي كُلِّ مَا أَصَابَ الْكَفَّارَةُ وَ إِذَا أَصَابَهُ مُتَعَمِّداً فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ الْكَفَّارَةَ فَإِنْ عَادَ فَأَصَابَ ثَانِياً مُتَعَمِّداً فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ الْكَفَّارَةُ وَ هُوَ مِمَّنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ مَنْ عادَ فَيَنْتَقِمُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ‌.

“If one hunts by mistake, he always owes expiation for whatever he becomes involved with. However, if one kills intentionally, he owes expiation only once; and this is to which reference is made by the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Those who repeat transgression, Allah retaliates against them.’ (5:96)”

إِنْ قَتَلَ الْمُحْرِمُ حَمَامَةً فِي الْحَرَمِ فَعَلَيْهِ شَاةٌ وَ ثَمَنُ الْحَمَامَةِ دِرْهَمٌ أَوْ شِبْهُهُ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ أَوْ يُطْعِمُهُ حَمَامَ مَكَّةَ فَإِنْ قَتَلَهَا فِي الْحَرَمِ وَ لَيْسَ بِمُحْرِمٍ فَعَلَيْهِ ثَمَنُهَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a pigeon in al-Haram (the sacred area), he owes one sheep as expiation. The cost of a pigeon is one dirham or so, which must be given as charity or to feed thereby the pigeons of Makkah. If one kills it in al-Haram (the sacred area) and is not in the