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هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَقْبَلُ الدِّيَةَ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِي لَهُ الْحَقُّ أَنْ يَتَّبِعَهُ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَ لَا يُعْسِرَهُ وَ أَمَرَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ أَنْ لَا يَظْلِمَهُ وَ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَهُ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ إِذَا أَيْسَرَ فَقُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ فَمَنِ اعْتَدى‌ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ‌ قَالَ هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَقْبَلُ الدِّيَةَ أَوْ يُصَالِحُ ثُمَّ يَجِي‌ءُ بَعْدُ

Hadith.5218 - Samaah narrated from Abu Basir from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "But if any remission is made by the brother of the slain, then grant [him] a suitable follow-up" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:178). I asked: "What is that 'remission'?"

هُوَ مَأْمُونٌ‌[1].

Hadith.5219 - Dawud ibn Sirhan narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who was carrying goods on his head and accidentally struck a person, causing death or breaking something. Imam (as) said: "He is not held liable (ma'mun)."

قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مُتَعَمِّداً أَوْ خَطَأً وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ مَالٌ فَأَرَادَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ أَنْ يَهَبُوا دَمَهُ لِلْقَاتِلِ فَقَالَ إِنْ وَهَبُوا دَمَهُ ضَمِنُوا الدَّيْنَ‌[2] قُلْتُ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَرَادُوا قَتْلَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ قُتِلَ عَمْداً قُتِلَ قَاتِلُهُ وَ أَدَّى عَنْهُ الْإِمَامُ الدَّيْنَ مِنْ سَهْمِ الْغَارِمِينَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ عَمْداً وَ صَالَحَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ قَا

I asked Imam (as): "May I be your ransom! A man was killed, whether intentionally or accidentally, and he had debts and wealth. His heirs wanted to pardon the killer. What is the ruling?" Imam (as) said: "If they pardon his blood, they are responsible for paying his debts." I asked: "What if they wish to execute the ki

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ كُلُّ مَنْ قَتَلَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَتَعَمَّدَ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَوَدُ[4].

Hadith.5221 - In the narration of Ibn Bukayr, Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Whoever intentionally kills with anything, whether small or large, is subject to retribution (qiṣaṣ)."

يُعْرَضُ عَلَيْهِ حُرُوفُ الْمُعْجَمِ فَمَا أَفْصَحَ مِنْهَا فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ فِيهِ وَ مَا لَمْ يُفْصِحْ بِهِ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةُ وَ هِيَ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ حَرْفاً[5].

Hadith.5222 - Al-Bazanti narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who struck another man on the head with a stick, causing his speech to become impaired. Imam (as) said: "He should be tested with the letters of the Arabic alphabet. For the letters he can articulate clearly, there is no li

سُئِلَ عَنِ الْغُلَامِ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ وَ امْرَأَةٍ قَتَلَا رَجُلًا فَقَالَ إِنَّ خَطَأَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ الْغُلَامِ عَمْدٌ[1] فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَوْلِيَاءُ الْمَقْتُولِ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُمَا قَتَلُوهُمَا وَ يَرُدُّونَ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْغُلَامِ خَمْسَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ إِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ يَقْتُلُوا الْغُلَامَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ تَرُدُّ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْغُلَامِ رُبُعَ الدِّيَةِ قَالَ وَ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَوْلِيَاء

Hadith.5223 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Hisham ibn Salim from Abu Basir from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that he was asked about a young boy who had not reached maturity and a woman who together killed a man. Imam (as) said: "The mistake (khaṭaʾ) of a woman and a boy is considered intentional

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ وَ عَبْدٍ قَتَلَا رَجُلًا خَطَأً فَقَالَ إِنَّ خَطَأَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ الْعَبْدِ مِثْلُ الْعَمْدِ فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَوْلِيَاءُ الْمَقْتُولِ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُمَا قَتَلُوهُمَا قَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قِيمَةُ الْعَبْدِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ خَمْسَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ رَدُّوا عَلَى سَيِّدِ الْعَبْدِ مَا يَفْضُلُ بَعْدَ الْخَمْسَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ فَإِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ يَقْتُلُوا الْمَرْأَةَ وَ

فِي امْرَأَةٍ قَتَلَتْ رَجُلًا مُتَعَمِّدَةً فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَهْلُهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهَا قَتَلُوهَا وَ لَيْسَ يَجْنِي أَحَدٌ جِنَايَةً عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ‌[1].

Hadith.5225 - Abu Usamah narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a woman who intentionally killed a man. Imam (as) said: "If the family of the murdered person wishes to kill her, they may do so. No one bears the burden of a crime beyond their own soul."

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا بَلَغَ الْغُلَامُ خَمْسَةَ أَشْبَارٍ اقْتُصَّ مِنْهُ وَ اقْتُصَّ لَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَلَغَ الْغُلَامُ خَمْسَةَ أَشْبَارٍ فَقُضِيَ بِالدِّيَةِ[2].

Hadith.5226 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man and a boy who together killed a man. Imam (as) said: The Commander of the Faithful (as) stated: "If the boy has reached five hand spans in height, then retribution (qiṣaṣ) is carried out against him and for him. However, if the boy has not yet reac

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ أَعْمَى فَقَأَ عَيْنَ صَحِيحٍ مُتَعَمِّداً فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ إِنَّ عَمْدَ الْأَعْمَى مِثْلُ الْخَطَإِ هَذَا فِيهِ الدِّيَةُ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِنَّ دِيَةَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ وَ لَا يُبْطَلُ حَقُّ مُسْلِمٍ.

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a blind man who intentionally gouged out the eye of a sighted person. Imam (as) said: "O' Abu Ubaydah, the intentional act of a blind man is treated like a mistake (khaṭaʾ). The blood money (diyyah) must be paid from his wealth. If he has no wealth, then the d

وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَجْنُونٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا عَمْداً فَجَعَلَ ع الدِّيَةَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ جَعَلَ خَطَأَهُ وَ عَمْدَهُ سَوَاءً.

Hadith.5228 - Ismaʿil ibn Abi Ziyad narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) wrote to the Commander of the Faithful (as) asking about a mentally ill man who intentionally killed another man. The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled that the blood money (diyyah) wa

لَا يُقَامُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ وَ لَا يُطْعَمُ وَ لَا يُسْقَى‌[1] وَ لَا يُكَلَّمُ وَ لَا يُبَايَعُ فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا فُعِلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ فَيُقَامَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ وَ إِنْ جَنَى فِي الْحَرَمِ جِنَايَةً أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَرَ لِلْحَرَمِ حُرْمَةً.

Hadith.5229 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Hisham ibn Al-Hakam from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who commits a crime outside the Sacred Sanctuary (Al-Haram) and then seeks refuge within it. Imam (as) said: "The legal punishment (hadd) is not to be carried out on him, but he should not be given food or drink, nor sp

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع عَشَرَةٌ قَتَلُوا رَجُلًا قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ قَتَلُوهُمْ جَمِيعاً وَ غَرِمُوا تِسْعَ دِيَاتٍ وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا أَنْ يَتَخَيَّرُوا رَجُلًا فَيَقْتُلُوهُ قَتَلُوهُ وَ أَدَّى التِّسْعَةُ الْبَاقُونَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْمَقْتُولِ الْأَخِيرِ عُشْرَ الدِّيَةِ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْوَالِيَ يَلِي أَدَبَهُمْ وَ حَبْسَهُمْ.

I asked Abu Jafar (as) about ten men who killed a man. Imam (as) said: "If the heirs of the murdered person wish, they may kill all of them and pay nine blood monies (diyyat). But if they prefer to choose one of them to execute, they may do so, and the remaining nine must each pay one-tenth of the blood money to the he

قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِي رَجُلَيْنِ أَمْسَكَ أَحَدُهُمَا وَ قَتَلَ الْآخَرُ فَقَالَ يُقْتَلُ الْقَاتِلُ وَ يُحْبَسُ الْآخَرُ- حَتَّى يَمُوتَ غَمّاً كَمَا حَبَسَهُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى مَاتَ غَمّاً.

"Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in the case of two men where one of them restrained the victim while the other killed him. Imam (as) said: 'The killer shall be executed, and the one who restrained the victim shall be imprisoned until he dies in grief, just as he caused the victim to be held until he died in grief.'"

وَ قَالَ: فِي عَشَرَةٍ اشْتَرَكُوا فِي قَتْلِ رَجُلٍ قَالَ يَتَخَيَّرُ أَهْلُ الْمَقْتُولِ فَأَيُّهُمْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوهُ وَ يَرْجِعُ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ عَلَى الْبَاقِينَ بِتِسْعَةِ أَعْشَارِ الدِّيَةِ[1].

Hadith.5232 - And Imam (as) said regarding ten people who collectively participated in killing a man: "The heirs of the murdered person may choose whichever one of them they wish to execute, and the heirs of the executed person can then seek compensation from the remaining nine for nine-tenths of the blood money (diyya

وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي سِتَّةِ نَفَرٍ كَانُوا فِي الْمَاءِ فَغَرِقَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ فَشَهِدَ مِنْهُمْ ثَلَاثَةٌ عَلَى اثْنَيْنِ أَنَّهُمَا غَرَّقَاهُ وَ شَهِدَ اثْنَانِ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ أَنَّهُمْ غَرَّقُوهُ فَأَلْزَمَهُمُ الدِّيَةَ جَمِيعاً أَلْزَمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَسْهُمٍ بِشَهَادَةِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ أَلْزَمَ الثَّلَاثَةَ سَهْمَيْنِ بِشَهَادَةِ الِاثْنَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمْ‌[2].

Hadith.5233 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled in the case of six people who were in the water, and one of them drowned. Three of them testified that two others had drowned him, while the two testified that the three had drowned him. Imam (as) obligated all of them to pay the blood money (diyyah). Imam (as) mad

وَ قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع‌[3] فِي أَرْبَعَةِ نَفَرٍ اطَّلَعُوا فِي زُبْيَةِ الْأَسَدِ فَخَرَّ أَحَدُهُمْ فَاسْتَمْسَكَ بِالثَّانِي وَ اسْتَمْسَكَ الثَّانِي بِالثَّالِثِ وَ اسْتَمْسَكَ الثَّالِثُ بِالرَّابِعِ حَتَّى أَسْقَطَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً عَلَى الْأَسَدِ فَقَضَى بِالْأَوَّلِ أَنَّهُ فَرِيسَةُ الْأَسَدِ وَ غَرَّمَ أَهْلَهُ ثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ لِأَهْلِ الثَّانِي وَ غَرَّمَ أَهْلَ الثَّانِي لِأَهْلِ الثَّالِثِ ثُلُثَيِ الدِّي

Hadith.5234 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in the case of four people who were looking into a lion's pit. One of them fell in and grabbed onto the second, the second grabbed onto the third, and the third grabbed onto the fourth until they all pulled each other down onto the lion. Imam (as) ruled that the first was

كُنْتُ شَاهِداً عِنْدَ الْبَيْتِ الْحَرَامِ يُنَادِي بِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الدَّوَانِيقِيِّ رَجُلٌ وَ هُوَ يَطُوفُ وَ يَقُولُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ طَرَقَا أَخِي لَيْلًا فَأَخْرَجَاهُ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ فَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَيَّ وَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا صَنَعَا بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا مَا صَنَعْتُمَا بِهِ فَقَالا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَلَّمْنَاهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَقَالَ ل

I was present at the Sacred House (Al-Bayt Al-Haram) when a man was calling out to Abu Jafar Al-Dawaniqi while he was performing ṭawaf (circumambulation) and said: "O' Commander of the Faithful! These two men came to my brother at night, took him out of his house, and he never returned to me. By Allah (swt), I do not k

كَانَ قَوْمٌ يَشْرَبُونَ فَيَسْكَرُونَ فَتَبَاعَجُوا[1] بِسَكَاكِينَ كَانَتْ مَعَهُمْ فَرُفِعُوا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَسَجَنَهُمْ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلَانِ وَ بَقِيَ رَجُلَانِ فَقَالَ أَهْلُ الْمَقْتُولَيْنِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَقِدْهُمَا بِصَاحِبَيْنَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِلْقَوْمِ مَا تَرَوْنَ فَقَالُوا نَرَى أَنْ تُقِيدَهُمَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَعَلَّ ذَيْنِكَ اللَّذَيْنِ مَاتَا قَتَلَ كُلُّ وَا

Hadith.5236 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that a group of people were drinking and became intoxicated. They began to attack each other with knives they had with them. They were brought before the Commander of the Faithful (as), and Imam (as) imprisoned them. Two of them died, and two remained alive. The f

وَ رُفِعَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[2] ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَمْسَكَ رَجُلًا وَ أَقْبَلَ الْآخَرُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ الْآخَرُ يَرَاهُمْ فَقَضَى ع فِي صَاحِبِ الرُّؤْيَةِ أَنْ تُسْمَلَ عَيْنَاهُ‌[3] وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي أَمْسَكَ أَنْ يُسْجَنَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ كَمَا أَمْسَكَهُ وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ.

Hadith.5237 - It was reported to the Commander of the Faithful (as) about three men: one of them restrained a man, another approached and killed him, and the third stood by watching them. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled that the one who merely watched should have his eyes gouged out. Imam (as) ruled that the one who

وَ قَضَى ع فِي رَجُلٍ أَمَرَ عَبْدَهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ وَ هَلْ عَبْدُ الرَّجُلِ إِلَّا كَسَيْفِهِ وَ سَوْطِهِ يُقْتَلُ السَّيِّدُ بِهِ وَ يُسْتَوْدَعُ الْعَبْدُ السِّجْنَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ‌[4].

Hadith.5238 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in the case of a man who commanded his servant to kill another man. Imam (as) said: "Is not a man's servant like his sword and his whip? The master shall be executed for the crime, and the servant shall be imprisoned until he dies."

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ قَطَعَ إِصْبَعاً مِنْ أَصَابِعِ الْمَرْأَةِ كَمْ فِيهَا قَالَ عَشَرَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ قُلْتُ قَطَعَ اثْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ عِشْرُونَ قُلْتُ قَطَعَ ثَلَاثاً قَالَ ثَلَاثُونَ قُلْتُ‌ قَطَعَ أَرْبَعاً قَالَ عِشْرُونَ قُلْتُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ يَقْطَعُ ثَلَاثاً فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثُونَ فَيَقْطَعُ أَرْبَعاً فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ عِشْرُونَ إِنَّ هَذَا كَانَ يَبْلُغُنَا وَ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as): "What do you say about a man who cuts off one finger of a woman? How much is due for it?" Imam (as) replied: "Ten camels." I asked: "If he cuts off two (fingers)?" Imam (as) said: "Twenty (camels)." I asked: "If he cuts off three (fingers)?" Imam (as) said: "Thirty (camels)." I asked: "If he

نَعَمْ فِي الْجِرَاحَاتِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الثُّلُثَ سَوَاءً فَإِذَا بَلَغَ الثُّلُثَ سَوَاءً ارْتَفَعَ الرَّجُلُ وَ سَفَلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ[2].

Hadith.5240 - Jamil and Muhammad ibn Humran asked Abu Abdullah (as) about whether qiṣaṣ (retaliation in kind) applies between a woman and a man. Imam (as) replied: "Yes, in cases of wounds (jirahat) up to one-third of the compensation, they are equal. However, once it reaches one-third, the man's compensation increases

قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ امْرَأَةً فَقَالَ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَهْلُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ أَدَّوْا نِصْفَ دِيَتِهِ وَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ إِلَّا قَبِلُوا الدِّيَةَ.

Hadith.5241 - Abu Baṣir narrated from one of the Imams (peace be upon them) that they said: I asked: "What if a man kills a woman?" Imam (as) replied: "If the family of the woman wishes to have him killed, they must pay half of his diyyah (blood money) and then they may kill him. Otherwise, they should accept the diyya

وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌[4] فِي امْرَأَةٍ قَتَلَتْ زَوْجَهَا مُتَعَمِّدَةً فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَهْلُهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهَا قَتَلُوهَا وَ لَيْسَ يَجْنِي أَحَدٌ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ جِنَايَتِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ.

Hadith.5242 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said regarding a woman who intentionally killed her husband: "If his family wishes to kill her, they may do so. No one bears responsibility for more than the crime they have committed against themselves."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا لِصٌّ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَتَلَ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَوَثَبَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى اللِّصِّ فَقَتَلَتْهُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي قَتَلَتْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ دِيَةُ سَخْلَتِهَا عَلَى عَصَبَةِ الْمَقْتُولِ السَّارِقِ‌[1].

I asked Iman (as) about a pregnant woman upon whom a thief broke in and assaulted her, causing the death of the child in her womb. The woman then attacked the thief and killed him. Imam (as) replied: "As for the woman who killed him, there is nothing upon her. The diyyah (blood money) for her unborn child is upon the m

لَا يُقْتَلُ الْأَبُ بِابْنِهِ إِذَا قَتَلَهُ وَ يُقْتَلُ الِابْنُ بِأَبِيهِ إِذَا قَتَلَ أَبَاهُ وَ قَالَ لَا يَتَوَارَثُ رَجُلَانِ قَتَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ‌[2].

"A father is not executed for killing his son, but a son is executed for killing his father." Imam (as) also said: "Two men who kill one another do not inherit from each other."

فِي رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ أُمَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ خَطَأً فَإِنَّ لَهُ نَصِيباً مِنْ مِيرَاثِهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَتَلَهَا مُتَعَمِّداً فَلَا يَرِثُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً.

Hadith.5245 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that he said regarding a man who killed his mother: "If he killed her accidentally, he is entitled to a share of her inheritance. However, if he killed her intentionally, he does not inherit anything from her."

لَا يُقْتَلُ بِهِ وَ لَكِنْ يُضْرَبُ ضَرْباً شَدِيداً وَ يُنْفَى مِنْ مَسْقَطِ رَأْسِهِ.

Hadith.5246 - Amr ibn Shimr narrated from Jabir from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who kills his son or his slave. Imam (as) said: "He is not to be killed for that, but he should be severely beaten and exiled from his hometown."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ أُمَّهُ قَالَ لَا يَرِثُهَا وَ يُقْتَلُ بِهَا وَ هُوَ صَاغِرٌ وَ لَا أَظُنُّ قَتْلَهُ بِهَا كَفَّارَةً لِذَنْبِهِ‌[3].

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who killed his mother. Imam (as) said: "He does not inherit from her, and he should be killed for it in a state of humiliation. Yet, I do not think that his killing would be an expiation for his sin."

لَا يُقَادُ مُسْلِمٌ بِذِمِّيٍّ فِي الْقَتْلِ وَ لَا فِي الْجِرَاحَاتِ وَ لَكِنْ يُؤْخَذُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِ فِي جِنَايَتِهِ لِلذِّمِّيِّ بِقَدْرِ جِنَايَتِهِ عَلَى الذِّمِّيِّ عَلَى قَدْرِ دِيَةِ الذِّمِّيِّ ثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ‌[1].

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ دِيَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ قَالَ هُمْ سَوَاءٌ ثَمَانُمِائَةٍ ثَمَانُمِائَةٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنْ أُخِذُوا فِي بَلَدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ هُمْ يَعْمَلُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ أَ يُقَامُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَدُّ قَالَ نَعَمْ يُحْكَمُ فِيهِمْ بِأَحْكَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the blood money (diyyah) for a Jew, a Christian, and a Magian. Imam (as) replied: "They are equal - eight hundred (dirhams), eight hundred (dirhams)." I asked: "May I be your ransom, if they are caught committing an immoral act in the land of the Muslims, is the legal punishment (hadd) a

بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ع خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ فَأَصَابَ بِهَا دِمَاءَ قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ الْمَجُوسِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِنِّي أَصَبْتُ دِمَاءَ قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى فَوَدَيْتُهُمْ ثَمَانَمِائَةٍ ثَمَانَمِائَةٍ[3] وَ أَصَبْتُ دِمَاءَ قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْمَجُوسِ وَ لَمْ تَكُنْ عَهِدْتَ إِلَيَّ فِيهِمْ عَهْداً قَالَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنّ

Hadith.5250 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Samaah ibn Mihran who reported from Abu Abdullah (as) that the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) sent Khalid ibn Al-Walid to Bahrain, where he was involved in shedding the blood of some Jews, Christians, and Magians. Khalid wrote to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace

نَعَمْ قِيلَ‌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ قَالَ يُدْفَعُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا عَفَوْا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا اسْتَرَقُّوا وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مَالٌ عَيْنٌ لَهُ دُفِعَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ هُوَ وَ مَالُهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5251 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Riʾab from Ḍurays Al-Kunasi who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a Christian man who killed a Muslim. When he was captured, he accepted Islam. Imam (as) was asked: "Should he be killed for the Muslim he murdered?" Imam (as) rep

دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ وَ دِيَةُ الْمَجُوسِيِّ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّ لِلْمَجُوسِ كِتَاباً يُقَالُ لَهُ جَامَاسْفُ‌[2].

Hadith.5252 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah from Abu Baṣir, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said: "The blood money (diyyah) for a Jew and a Christian is four thousand (dirhams), four thousand (dirhams), and the blood money for a Magian (Zoroastrian) is eight hundred dirhams." Imam (

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ دِيَةَ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ‌[3].

Hadith.5253 - It has been narrated: "The blood money (diyyah) for a Jew, a Christian, and a Magian is four thousand dirhams, four thousand dirhams because they are People of the Book."

دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ دِيَةُ الْمُسْلِمِ.

"The blood money (diyyah) for a Jew, a Christian, and a Magian is equal to that of a Muslim."

مَا رَوَاهُ اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "مَنْ أَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ذِمَّةً فَدِيَتُهُ كَامِلَةٌ"

"Whoever was granted protection (dhimmah) by Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), his blood money (diyyah) is complete (to that of a muslim)."

"إِذَا قَتَلَ اَلْمُسْلِمُ اَلنَّصْرَانِيَّ فَأَرَادَ أَهْلُ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ قَتَلُوهُ وَ أَدَّوْا فَضْلَ مَا بَيْنَ اَلدِّيَتَيْنِ".

"If a Muslim kills a Christian and the family of the Christian wishes to execute him, they may do so, but they must pay the difference between the two blood monies (diyyahs)."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ دِمَاءِ اَلْمَجُوسِ وَ اَلْيَهُودِ وَ اَلنَّصَارَى هَلْ عَلَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُمْ شَيْءٌ إِذَا غَشُّوا اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ أَظْهَرُوا اَلْعَدَاوَةَ وَ اَلْغِشَّ لَهُمْ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُتَعَوِّداً لِقَتْلِهِمْ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمُسْلِمِ يُقْتَلُ بِأَهْلِ اَلذِّمَّةِ وَ أَهْلِ اَلْكِتَابِ إِذَا قَتَلَهُمْ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُعْ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the blood of the Magians, Jews, and Christians - whether there is any penalty upon someone who kills them if they deceive the Muslims and openly display hostility and treachery towards them. Imam (as) replied: "No, unless he is habitual in killing them." He further said: I asked Imam (as

وَ قَدْ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ آذَى ذِمَّتِي فَقَدْ آذَانِي".

Hadith.5258 - The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever harms one under my protection (dhimmah) has indeed harmed me."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ فَقَأَ عَيْنَ نَصْرَانِيٍّ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ دِيَةَ عَيْنِ اَلذِّمِّيِّ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ".

Hadith.5259 - Buraid Al-Ijli narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a Muslim who gouged out the eye of a Christian. Imam (as) replied: "The blood money (diyyah) for the eye of a dhimmi (non-Muslim under Islamic protection) is four hundred dirhams."

يُقْتَلُ الْعَبْدُ بِالْحُرِّ وَ لَا يُقْتَلُ الْحُرُّ بِالْعَبْدِ وَ لَكِنْ يُغَرَّمُ قِيمَتَهُ وَ يُضْرَبُ ضَرْباً شَدِيداً حَتَّى لَا يَعُودَ.

Hadith.5260 - Uthman ibn Isa narrated from Sama'ah that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "A slave is to be killed for killing a free man, but a free man is not to be killed for killing a slave. However, he must pay the slave's value and be severely beaten so that he does not repeat such an act."

فِي رَجُلٍ يَقْتُلُ مَمْلُوكَهُ مُتَعَمِّداً قَالَ يُعْجِبُنِي أَنْ يُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً وَ يَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ وَ يُطْعِمَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً ثُمَّ تَكُونَ التَّوْبَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ‌[2].

Hadith.5261 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi that Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said regarding a man who intentionally kills his slave: "I prefer that he frees a slave, fasts for two consecutive months, and feeds sixty needy people, and then he should repent after that."

يُعْتِقُ رَقَبَةً[3].

Hadith.5262 - Humran asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who struck his slave, and the slave died as a result of the beating. Imam (as) replied: "He must free a slave."

إِذَا قَتَلَ الْعَبْدُ الْحُرَّ فَلِأَهْلِ الْمَقْتُولِ إِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا اسْتَعْبَدُوا[1].

"If a slave kills a free man, the family of the murdered person has the choice: if they wish, they may kill him, and if they wish, they may enslave him."

وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي مُكَاتَبٍ قُتِلَ فَقَالَ يُحْسَبُ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ فَيُؤَدَّى دِيَةُ الْحُرِّ وَ مَا رَقَّ دِيَةُ الْعَبْدِ وَ قَالَ الْعَبْدُ لَا يُغْرِمُ أَهْلَهُ وَرَاءَ نَفْسِهِ شَيْئاً[2].

Hadith.5264 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), Commander of the Faithful, ruled regarding a mukatab (a slave who had a contract for freedom) who was killed: "The portion of him that had been freed is calculated, and the blood money for that part is paid as that of a free man, and the portion that remained in servitude is p

فِي عَبْدٍ جَرَحَ حُرّاً قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ الْحُرُّ اقْتَصَّ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَهُ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْجِرَاحَةُ تُحِيطُ بِرَقَبَتِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَا تُحِيطُ بِرَقَبَتِهِ افْتَدَاهُ مَوْلَاهُ فَإِنْ أَبَى مَوْلَاهُ أَنْ يَفْتَدِيَهُ كَانَ لِلْحُرِّ الْمَجْرُوحِ مِنَ الْعَبْدِ بِقَدْرِ دِيَةِ جِرَاحَتِهِ وَ الْبَاقِي لِلْمَوْلَى يُبَاعُ الْعَبْدُ فَيَأْخُذُ الْمَجْرُوحُ حَقَّهُ وَ يُرَدُّ الْبَاقِي عَلَى الْمَو

Hadith.5265 - Imam Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a slave who injured a free man. Imam (as) said: "If the free man wishes, he may take retribution (qisas) from him, and if he wishes, he may take the slave if the injury is severe enough to warrant his execution. If the injury does not warrant execution, then the slav

عَلَيْهِ نِصْفُ عُشْرِ

Hadith.5266 - Imam Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who inflicted a mudhiha (a wound exposing the bone) on a slave. Imam (as) said: "He is liable to pay half of one-tenth of the slave's value."

هُوَ بَيْنَهُمَا إِنْ كَانَتْ جِنَايَتُهُ تُحِيطُ بِقِيمَتِهِ قِيلَ لَهُ فَإِنْ جَرَحَ رَجُلًا فِي أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ وَ جَرَحَ آخَرَ فِي آخِرِ النَّهَارِ قَالَ هُوَ بَيْنَهُمَا مَا لَمْ يَحْكُمِ الْوَالِي فِي الْمَجْرُوحِ الْأَوَّلِ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْوَالِي قَدْ حَكَمَ فِي الْمَجْرُوحِ الْأَوَّلِ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ بِجِنَايَتِهِ فَجَنَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ جِنَايَةً فَإِنَّ جِنَايَتَهُ عَلَى الْأَخِيرِ.

Hadith.5267 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about a slave who injured two men. Imam (as) said: "He is to be divided between them if his crime equals his full value." It was asked: "What if he injured one man in the morning and another in the evening?" Imam (as) replied: "He is to be divided be