[3]في الكافي« يحبى بها» من الحباء بمعنى العطاء. و في الصحاح الحبر: الحبور و هو السرور، يقال: حبره يحبره- بالضم- حبرا و حبرة. و قال تعالى:« فَهُمْ فِي رَوْضَةٍ يُحْبَرُونَ» أى ينعمون و يكرمون و يسرون.ص 173
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Hadith.503 - It was narrated from Hisham ibn al-Hakam that He said: "I saw Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) offering condolences both before and after the burial."
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Hadith.506 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) visited a group of people who had experienced a loss and said: "May Allah (swt) strengthen you in your weakness, grant you beautiful patience, and have mercy on your deceased." Then he departed.
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Hadith.508 - The truthful one, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), offered condolences to a man who had lost his son and said to him: "Allah (swt) is better for your son than you are, and the reward from Allah (swt) is better for you than your son." Later, when the Imam heard of the man's continued grief, he returned to him and said: "The Messenger of Allah (sw) also passed away; do you not take him as an example?" The man responded that his son was on the verge of maturity (approaching adulthood). The Imam then said (consoling him): "There are three things ahead of him: the testimony that there is no god but Allah (swt), Allah’s (swt) mercy, and the intercession of the Messenger of Allah (sw). He will not miss out on any of these, if Allah (swt) the Almighty wills."
[2]المراهق: الغلام الذي قارب الحلم، و في بعض النسخ« مرهّقا» من باب التفعيل كما في ثواب الأعمال ص 236 و الكافي ج 3 ص 204 و هو الذي يأتي المحارم من شرب الخمر و نحوه و كأنّه خاف عليه أن يعذب.ص 174
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Hadith.509 - Abu Basir narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "It is proper for the person responsible for the funeral (i.e., the chief mourner) not to wear an outer cloak (ridā') and to remain in a shirt (Qamis) so that they are recognized (as grieving). It is also proper for the neighbors to provide food on their behalf for three days.”
[3]في الكافي ج 3 ص 217 بإسناده عن زرارة عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال:« يصنع لاهل الميت مأتم ثلاثة أيّام من يوم مات». و عن أبي بصير عنه عليه السلام قال:« ينبغي لجيران صاحب المصيبة أن يطعموا الطعام[ عنه] ثلاثة أيام».ص 174
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Hadith.511 - "When Imam Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Hadi (as) passed away, Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as), was seen coming out of the house with his shirt torn from the front and the back."
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Hadith.512 - "The Messenger of Allah (sw) placed his cloak down during the funeral of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh (may Allah (swt) have mercy on him). When asked about this, He (sw) said: "I saw the angels had placed their cloaks down, so I placed mine as well."
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Hadith.516 - Abu Basir narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "There is an angel assigned to the cemeteries. When the family of the deceased returns home after the funeral, this angel takes a handful of soil and throws it after them, saying, 'Forget what you have seen.' Were it not for this, no one would find any benefit (joy) in living."
[1]لا يخفى أنّه بظاهره ينافى ما سبق من تعليق غفران الذنوب الا الكبائر بالصبر و الاسترجاع فلا بدّ من توجيه أحدهما مثل أن يقال بعدم اعتبار المفهوم ممّا سبق، أو تخصيص الثاني بمصيبة خاصّة، أو يقال: غفران الذنوب مرتبة فوق دخول الجنة.( سلطان).ص 176
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Hadith.518 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The reward for a believer whose child dies is Paradise, whether they exhibit patience or not”.
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Hadith.519 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever loses a child (before their own passing), it is better for them than leaving behind seventy children after them, all of whom rode horses and fought in the way of Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious."
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Hadith.521 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) said to Sayyida Fatimah Al-Zahra {S.A} when Ja'far ibn Abi Talib was martyred: "Do not supplicate with (expressions of) humiliation, loss, or desolation. Whatever you have said about him is true."
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Hadith.522 - it was narrated from Mehran ibn Muhammad that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When a person dies, Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious, sends an angel to the one among their family who is most deeply affected by the loss. The angel touches their heart and alleviates the intensity of grief. If it were not for this, the world would not be able to continue”.
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Hadith.524 - When Ismail ibn Jaafar passed away, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) came out and walked ahead of the bier without shoes and without an outer garment (ridā').
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Hadith.525 - When Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as), saw a funeral procession, He would say: Alhamdulillahi alladhi lam yaj‘alni mina as-sawadi al-mukhtaram 'Praise be to Allah (swt) who did not make me from among those whose lives were abruptly taken'".
[3]اخترم فلان عنّا- مبنيا للمفعول-: مات، اخترمته المنيّة: أخذته. و اخترمهم الدهر و تخرمهم أي اقتطعهم و استأصلهم. و فسر السواد بالشخص و بعامة الناس.ص 177
[4]إبراهيم هذا كان ابن رسول اللّه من مارية القبطية، و ولد بالمدينة في ذى الحجة سنة ثمان و مات في ذى الحجة سنة عشر و قيل: الربيع الأوّل سنة عشر.( المرآة).ص 177
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Hadith.527 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When The Prophet (sw) received news of the deaths of Ja'far ibn Abi Talib (as) and Zayd ibn Harithah, he would weep intensely when he entered his house and would say, 'They used to converse with me and bring me comfort, and now they are both gone.'"
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Hadith.528 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Indeed, trials and patience race toward the believer, so when trials reach him, he is patient. But panic and trials race toward the disbeliever, so when trials reach him, he panics."
[5]أي صبور باتيانه كالمتراهنين يريد كل منهما أن يسبق الآخر حتّى أن البلاء لا يسبق الصبر بل إنّما يرد مع ورود الصبر أو بعده، و كذا الجزع و البلاء بالنسبة الى الكافر.ص 177
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Hadith.529 - It was narrated from Al-Kahili that He said: "I said to Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as): ‘My wife and my sister, who is the wife of Muhammad ibn Marid, go out to mourning gatherings. I prohibited them, but they said to me, 'If it is forbidden, we will refrain, but if it is not forbidden, why do you prevent us when people refrain from fulfilling our rights (if we do not attend)?’ Imam (as) replied: 'You ask me about rights? My father (as) used to send my mother and Umm Farwah to fulfil the rights of the people of Medina.'
[1]الطريق الى عبد اللّه بن يحيى الكاهليّ صحيح الا أن عبد اللّه هو لا يخلو من كلام.ص 178
[2]أي لاى شيء تمنعنا و ذلك يوجب أن يمنع الناس من قضاء حقوقنا أي من أن يأتوا بما يستحق منهم بسبب ما حاق بنا باعتبار الاشتراك في الانسانية و الجوار و الإسلام.( مراد).ص 178
[3]يعني أن من حقوق أهل الايمان بعضهم على بعض التعزية عند المصيبة و التهنئة عند النعمة فما سؤالك اياى الا عن الحقوق اللازمة، كان أبى عليه السلام يبعث أمى و أم فروة بقضاء الحقوق.( م ح ق).ص 178
[4]« محض الايمان» على صيغة الفعل أي أخلص الايمان، و يحتمل أن يكون بصيغة المصدر أي لا يسأل الا من الإيمان و الكفر، و لعلّ الأول أظهر. و قوله« ملهو عنهم» كناية عن عدم التعرض لهم الى يوم القيامة لما سوى الإيمان و الكفر من الاعمال.ص 178
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Hadith.531 - Sama’a ibn Mehran asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about visiting graves and building mosques around them. Imam (as) replied: "There is no issue with visiting graves, but no mosques should be built around them."
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Hadith.532 - The Prophet Muhammad (sw) said: "Do not take my grave as a qibla (direction of prayer) or a mosque. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious, cursed the Jews when they took the graves of their prophets as places of worship."
[5]السند قوى، و يمكن أن يكون الوجه فيه أنّه قد يسجد على القبر و هو يشبه ما لو سجد لصاحب القبر، و لعلّ منع الناس من اتخاذ قبور أنبيائهم مساجد ذلك لان احتمال وقوع السجدة-- لصاحب القبر فيهم أقوى منه في قبور غيرهم.( مراد)ص 178
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Hadith.533 - Jarrah al-Mada'ini asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about how to offer salutations to the inhabitants of the graves. Imam (as) replied: "[You should stand and] say: Al-salāmu ‘alā ahli al-diyār min al-mu’minīn wa al-muslimīn, raḥima Allāhu al-mustaqdimīna minnā wa al-musta’khirīn, wa innā in shā’a Allāhu bikum lāḥiqūn 'Peace be upon the inhabitants of the dwellings (graves) from among the believers and the Muslims. May Allah (swt) have mercy on those of us who have gone ahead and those who will come later, and indeed, if Allah (swt) wills, we shall join you.'"
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Hadith.534 - When the Messenger of Allah (sw) would pass by graves, he would say: Al-salāmu ‘alaykum min diyāri qawmin mu’minīn, wa innā in shā’a Allāhu bikum lāḥiqūn 'Peace be upon you, O’ dwellers of the homes of believers. Indeed, if Allah (swt) wills, we shall join you.'"
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Hadith.535 - The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) entered the graveyard, He said: "O’ inhabitants of the earth and estranged ones! As for your homes, they have been inhabited; As for your spouses, they have remarried; And as for your wealth, it has been divided. This is the news from our side ; if only I knew what news you have." Then he turned to his companions and said: "If they were permitted to respond, they would say, 'Indeed, the best provision is taqwā (God-consciousness).'"
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Hadith.536 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) stood over the bodies of those killed at Badr, having gathered them into a well/pit, and said: “O’ inhabitants of the well, we have found what our Lord (azj) promised us to be true; have you found what your Lord (azj) promised to be true?” The hypocrites replied: "The Messenger of Allah (sw) is speaking to the dead?" He then turned to them and said: "If they were permitted to speak, they would say, 'Indeed, the best provision is taqwā (God-consciousness).'"
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Hadith.537 - Sayyida Fatimah Al-Zahra {S.A} used to visit the graves of the martyrs every Saturday morning, and She would come to the grave of Hamzah (as), show mercy upon him, and seek forgiveness for him.
[5]ذكر الشهيد- رحمه اللّه- في الذكرى أحاديث تدلّ على منع المشى على القبور و حمله على الكراهة، ثمّ قال: المشهور كراهة البناء على القبر و اتّخاذه مسجدا، و كذا يكره القعود على القبر. و زاد الشيخ كراهة الاتكاء عليه و المشى، و نقله في المعتبر. فما نقله المؤلّف- رحمه اللّه- عن الكاظم عليه السلام يمكن حمله على القاصد زيارتهم بحيث لا يتوصل الى القبر الا بالمشى على الآخر، و يقال: يختصّ الكراهة بالقعود لما فيه من اللبث المنافى للتعظيم.ص 180
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Hadith.540 - It was narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim that He said: "I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): Do the dead know when we visit them?" Imam (as) said: “Yes, by Allah (swt), they know of your visits and they rejoice and find comfort in your presence” I said: "What should we say when we visit them?" Imam (as) said: Say; Allahumma jāfi al-arda ‘an junūbihim, wa ṣā‘id ilayka arwāḥahum, wa laqqihim minka riḍwānan, wa askin ilayhim min raḥmatika mā taṣilu bihi waḥdatahum wa tu’nisu bihi waḥshatahum, innaka ‘alā kulli shay’in qadīr. "O’ Allah (swt), make the earth light upon their sides, raise their souls to You, grant them Your pleasure, and send upon them from Your mercy that which connects their loneliness and soothes their desolation. Truly, You are powerful over all things."
[1]رواه في ثواب الأعمال بإسناده عن أحمد بن محمّد قال:« كنت انا و إبراهيم بن هاشم في بعض المقابر اذ جاء الى قبر فجلس مستقبل القبلة، ثمّ وضع يده على القبر فقرأ سبع مرّات« انا انزلناه» ثم قال: حدّثني صاحب هذا القبر- و هو محمّد بن إسماعيل بن بزيع- انه من زار قبر مؤمن فقرأ عنده سبع مرّات« انا أنزلناه» غفر اللّه له و لصاحب القبر».ص 181
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Hadith.542 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Al-Hasan al-Awwal, Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about whether a believer visits their family (after death). Imam (as) replied: "Yes." He (Ishaq) asked: ‘How often?’ The Imam said: "It depends on their level of virtue; some visit every day, some every two days, and some every three days." He then noted, "The least frequent among them visit once a week." He (Ishaq) then asked Him: "At what time?" Imam (as) replied: "At the time of the sun's decline (midday) or just before that. Allah (swt) sends with them an angel who shows them what pleases them and conceals from them what they dislike, so they see joy and return to a state of contentment”.
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Hadith.543 - Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "Indeed, the disbeliever visits their family and sees what displeases them, while what they would like is concealed from them (by the accompanying angels)."
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Hadith.544 - Safwan ibn Yahya said to Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as): "I have heard that when a believer is visited by someone (at their grave), they are comforted by their presence, but when the visitor leaves, they feel lonely." Imam (as) replied: "They do not feel lonely."
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Hadith.546 - Imam al-Baqir (as) made a will specifying 800 dirhams to be used for his mourning gathering (ma'tam), as he saw this as part of the tradition (sunnah). This was because the Messenger of Allah (sw) said: "Prepare food for the family of Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, for they are preoccupied [by their loss]."
[2]الندب تذكر النائحة للميت بأحسن أوصافه و أفعاله و البكاء عليه، و قد روى الكليني في الكافي ج 5 ص 117 بإسناده عن الصادق عليه السلام قال:« قال أبى: يا جعفر أوقف لي من مالى كذا و كذا النوادب تند بنى عشر سنين بمنى أيّام منى»، و ذلك يدلّ على رجحان الندبة عليهم عليهم- السلام و اقامة المأتم لهم لما فيه من تشييد حبهم و بغض مخالفيهم في القلوب، و الظاهر اختصاصه بهم. و النوح عليهم سنة جارية بيننا خلافا للعامة فانهم نقلوا أخبارا ظاهرها تحريم النياحة و على تقدير صحتها حملت على النوح بالباطل الذي كان عمل الناس في الجاهلية فانهم وصفوا الميت بما ليس فيه و قد يظهر هذا الحمل من أخبارهم أيضا.ص 182
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Hadith.549 - When Ja'far ibn Abi Talib (as) was killed, the Messenger of Allah (sw) instructed Sayyida Fatimah Al-Zahra {S.A} to go to Asma' bint Umays and her womenfolk and to prepare food for them for three days. Thus, this practice became a sunnah (tradition).
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Hadith.551 – Imam (as) said was asked about the reward (ajr) of the mourning woman (nā’iḥah), Imam (as) said: "There is no issue with it, for mourning (niyaḥah) was done for the Messenger of Allah (sw)."
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Hadith.552 - It was narrated that Imam (as) said: "There is no issue with the earnings of the mourning woman (nā’iḥah) if She speaks truthfully." In another narration, Imam (as) said: "She justifies it (her earnings) by striking one of her hands on the other."
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Hadith.553 - When the Messenger of Allah (sw) returned to Medina after the Battle of Uhud, he heard mourning and weeping from every house in which someone had been killed. However, he did not hear mourning from the house of Hamza, his uncle. The Prophet (sw) then said: "But Hamza has no mourners." The people of Medina swore that they would not mourn or weep over any deceased until they began with mourning and weeping for Hamza. To this day, they continue this tradition.
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Hadith.554 - Omar ibn Yazid said: I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) whether it is permissible to pray on behalf of a deceased person. Imam (as) replied: "Yes, even to the extent that if the deceased is in difficulty, Allah (swt) will alleviate that difficulty through the prayer of his brother for him. Then it is said to the deceased, 'Your difficulty has been eased by the prayer of such-and-such, your brother, on your behalf.'" I then asked: "Can I include two people in one set of two units of prayer?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes." He (as) also said: "The deceased rejoices in mercy and forgiveness offered on his behalf just as the living person rejoices in a gift given to him." [AL SADUQ] It is permissible to perform pilgrimage (Hajj or Umrah), prayer, or circumambulation (Tawaf) on behalf of a deceased person, and they benefit from it—even if the deceased was under divine displeasure, they may be forgiven or have their hardship relieved through such actions. The deceased is made aware of these acts. Even performing these acts for an adversary (nāṣib) could lessen their burden. Acts of piety, connection, and Hajj can be performed for both the living and the dead, but prayer on behalf of a living person is not permitted.
[3]الاخبار في انتفاع الميت بالصلاة و الصوم و الحجّ و الصدقة و غيرها من القربات متواترة جدا أوردها الشهيد- رحمه اللّه- في الذكرى و بسط الكلام و في حقّ المقام.ص 183
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Hadith.555 - Imam (as) said: "Six things follow a believer after his death: a child who seeks forgiveness for him, a Quran he leaves behind, a tree he plants, a charity of water he provides, a well he digs, and a good tradition that is acted upon after him."
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Hadith.556 - Imam (as) said: "Whoever from among the Muslims performs a good deed on behalf of a deceased person, their reward will be multiplied, and Allah (swt) will benefit the deceased through it."
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Hadith.557 - Imam (as) said: "Prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, charity, righteousness, and supplication enter upon the deceased in their grave, and the reward is written for both the one who performs these deeds and the deceased."
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Hadith.558 - When Dhar ibn Abi Dhar, passed away, Abu Dharr stood by his grave, touched it with his hand, and said: "May Allah (swt) have mercy on you, O’ Dhar. By Allah (swt), you were righteous toward me. You were taken from me while I am content with you. By Allah (swt), I have not felt your loss as a disgrace, nor have I sought from anyone besides Allah (swt) any need. Were it not for the terror of the grave and its trials, I would have been pleased to be in your place. Sorrow for you has preoccupied me from sorrow over your loss. By Allah (swt), I did not cry for you but for myself over you. I wonder what you said and what was said to you. O’ Allah (swt), I have forgiven him what was due to me of rights. Grant him what is due from You, for You are more worthy of generosity and grace."