Wealth & Money

غِنًى يَحْجُزُكَ عَنِ الظُّلْمِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ فَقْرٍ يَحْمِلُكَ عَلَى الْإِثْمِ

قَالَ ع‌ لَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ لَا يُحِبُّ جَمْعَ الْمَالِ مِنْ حَلَالٍ فَيَكُفَّ بِهِ وَجْهَهُ وَ يَقْضِيَ بِهِ دَيْنَهُ وَ يَصِلَ بِهِ رَحِمَهُ.

Hadith.3615 - Imam (as) said: "There is no good in one who does not desire to earn wealth through lawful means, so that he may protect his dignity, pay off his debts, and maintain ties of kinship."

مِنَ الْمُرُوءَةِ اسْتِصْلَاحُ الْمَالِ[3]

إِصْلَاحُ الْمَالِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ

قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع‌ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيُنْفِقُ مَالَهُ فِي حَقٍّ وَ إِنَّهُ لَمُسْرِفٌ‌[2].

Hadith.3623 - Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) said: "A man may spend his wealth on what is right, yet still be considered extravagant."

يُرَدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ دُعَاؤُهُمْ‌[1] رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ يَبْلُغُ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفاً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفاً فَأَنْفَقَهُ فِي وُجُوهِهِ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَ لَمْ أَرْزُقْكَ وَ رَجُلٌ أَمْسَكَ عَنِ الطَّلَبِ‌[2] فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ لَكَ السَّبِيلَ إِلَى الطَّلَبِ وَ رَجُلٌ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَ اللّ

Hadith.3627 - Al-Walid ibn Sabih narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "Three people make supplications, but their prayers are not answered"-or he said: "their prayers are returned to them": A man who had a large amount of wealth, reaching thirty thousand or forty thousand, and spent it with

قُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يَضَعُهُ فِي الْحَائِطِ وَ الْبُسْتَانِ وَ الدَّارِ.

Hadith.3642 - Zurara narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): "A man does not leave behind anything more burdensome upon him than silent wealth (hoarded wealth)." I asked him, "What should he do with it?" Imam (as) replied: "Invest it in walls, orchards, and houses."

إِنَّ آكِلَ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ سَيَلْحَقُهُ وَبَالُ ذَلِكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ أَمَّا فِي الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ لْيَخْشَ الَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعافاً خافُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَلْيَتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَمَّا فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوالَ الْيَتامى ظُلْماً إِنَّما يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ ناراً

لَهُ يَا عُبَيْدُ إِنَّ السَّرَفَ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَ إِنَّ الْقَصْدَ يُورِثُ الْغِنَى.

يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ وَ أَمَّا الْأُمُّ فَلَا تَأْخُذْ مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَرْضاً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا[5].

I asked him about a man whose son has wealth, and the father is in need of it. Imam (as) said: "He may take from it, but as for the mother, she should not take from it except as a loan upon herself."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا يَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ مَالِ وُلْدِهِ قَالَ قُوتُهُ بِغَيْرِ سَرَفٍ إِذَا اضْطُرَّ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ لِأَبِيكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا جَاءَ بِأَبِيهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا أَبِي وَ قَدْ ظَلَمَنِي مِيرَاثِي مِنْ أُمِّي فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْأَبُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَنْفَقَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ

Hadith.3669 - Al-Husayn ibn Abi Al-Ala narrated that he said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "What is permissible for a man to take from the wealth of his child?" Imam (as) said: "His sustenance without extravagance if he is in need." He said: "I then asked him about the saying of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be u

لَيْسَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا أَمْرٌ فِي عِتْقٍ وَ لَا صَدَقَةٍ وَ لَا تَدْبِيرٍ وَ لَا هِبَةٍ وَ لَا نَذْرٍ[2] فِي مَالِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا إِلَّا فِي زَكَاةٍ أَوْ بِرِّ وَالِدَيْهَا أَوْ صِلَةِ قَرَابَتِهَا.

أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَتَى رَجُلًا فَاسْتَقْرَضَ مِنْهُ مَالًا وَ فِي نِيَّتِهِ أَلَّا يُؤَدِّيَهُ فَذَلِكَ اللِّصُّ الْعَادِي[4].

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ مِنَّا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الشَّيْ‌ءُ يَتَبَلَّغُ بِهِ‌[2] وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ أَ يُطْعِمُهُ عِيَالَهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِمَيْسَرَةٍ فَيَقْضِيَ دَيْنَهُ أَوْ يَسْتَقْرِضُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فِي خُبْثِ الزَّمَانِ وَ شِدَّةِ الْمَكَاسِبِ أَوْ يَقْبَلُ الصَّدَقَةَ[3] فَقَالَ يَقْضِي بِمَا عِنْدَهُ دَيْنَهُ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا وَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُؤَدّ

Hadith.3690 - Sama'ah ibn Mihran narrated that he said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man among us has something with which he can sustain himself, but he is in debt. Should he feed his family with it until Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, provides him with ease so he can repay his debt, or should he borrow despi

إِنِ اسْتَحْلَفَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ بَعْدَ الْيَمِينِ شَيْئاً وَ إِنْ حَبَسَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً[5] وَ إِنْ تَرَكَهُ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَحْلِفْهُ فَهُوَ عَلَى حَقِّهِ.

Hadith.3695 - Ibrahim ibn Abdul Hamid narrated from Khidr ibn Amr Al-Nakha'i, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who has money owed to him by another man, but the debtor denies it. Imam (as) said: "If he makes him swear an oath, then he has no right to take anything from him after the oath. And if he imprisons him,

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ لِي عِنْدَهُ مَالٌ فَكَابَرَنِي عَلَيْهِ وَ حَلَفَ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ لَهُ عِنْدِي مَالٌ أَ فَآخُذُهُ مَكَانَ مَالِيَ الَّذِي أَخَذَهُ وَ أَحْلِفُ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ هُوَ فَقَالَ إِنْ خَانَكَ فَلَا تَخُنْهُ وَ لَا تَدْخُلْ فِيمَا عِبْتَهُ عَلَيْهِ‌[1].

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owed me money but denied it and swore an oath. Then, some of his money came into my possession. Should I take it in place of what he took from me and swear an oath as he did? Imam (as) said: "If he has betrayed you, do not betray him, and do not commit what you criticized him f

لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ حَقٌّ فَيَجْحَدُنِيهِ ثُمَّ يَسْتَوْدِعُنِي مَالًا أَ لِي أَنْ آخُذَ مَالِي عِنْدَهُ قَالَ لَا هَذِهِ الْخِيَانَةُ[2].

I said to him, "A man owes me a right but denies it, and then he entrusts me with some money. Is it permissible for me to take my due from it?" Imam (as) said: "No, that would be betrayal."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَالٌ فَجَحَدَهُ إِيَّاهُ وَ ذَهَبَ بِهِ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ صَارَ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ‌[3] لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي ذَهَبَ بِمَالِهِ مَالٌ مِثْلُهُ أَ يَأْخُذُهُ مَكَانَ مَالِهِ الَّذِي ذَهَبَ بِهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا آخُذُ هَذَا مَكَانَ مَالِيَ الَّذِي أَخَذَهُ مِنِّي‌[4].

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man had money owed to him by another man, but the debtor denied it and took it away from him. Later, the creditor gained possession of an equivalent amount belonging to the debtor. Can he take it in place of the money that was taken from him?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, and he should say, 'O

لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنِّي أُعَامِلُ قَوْماً فَرُبَّمَا أَرْسَلُوا إِلَيَّ فَأَخَذُوا مِنِّي الْجَارِيَةَ وَ الدَّابَّةَ فَذَهَبُوا بِهَا مِنِّي ثُمَّ يَدُورُ لَهُمُ الْمَالُ عِنْدِي فَآخُذُ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَخَذُوا مِنِّي فَقَالَ خُذْ مِنْهُمْ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَخَذُوا مِنْكَ وَ لَا تَزِدْ عَلَيْهِ.

I said to Abu Al-Hasan (as), "I deal with some people, and sometimes they send to me and take a bondwoman or an animal from me, and they take it away. Then their wealth later comes into my possession. Can I take from it an amount equivalent to what they took from me?" Imam (as) said: "Take from them an amount equal to

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي دَفَعْتُ إِلَى أَخِي جَعْفَرٍ مَالًا فَهُوَ يُعْطِينِي مَا أُنْفِقُهُ وَ أَحُجُّ مِنْهُ وَ أَتَصَدَّقُ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا فَذَكَرُوا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ فَاسِدٌ لَا يَحِلُّ وَ أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَنْتَهِيَ فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى قَوْلِكَ فَقَالَ أَ كَانَ يَصِلُكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ مَالَكَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ خُذْ مِنْهُ مَا يُعْطِيكَ وَ كُلْ وَ اشْرَبْ وَ حُجَّ وَ تَصَدَّقْ

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I gave my brother Ja'far some money, and he gives me from it what I spend, perform Hajj with, and give in charity. I asked the people around us, and they said that this is invalid and not permissible. I wish to follow your guidance in this matter." Imam (as) said: "Did he use to give to yo

مَنْ أَقْرَضَ قَرْضاً إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ كَانَ مَالُهُ فِي زَكَاةٍ وَ كَانَ هُوَ فِي صَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ[5]

إِنِّي كَسَبْتُ مَالًا أَغْمَضْتُ فِي طَلَبِهِ حَلَالًا وَ حَرَاماً[3] فَقَدْ أَرَدْتُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ لَا أَدْرِي الْحَلَالَ مِنْهُ وَ لَا الْحَرَامَ فَقَدِ اخْتَلَطَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَخْرِجْ خُمُسَ مَالِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ رَضِيَ مِنَ الْإِنْسَانِ بِالْخُمُسِ وَ سَائِرُ الْمَالِ كُلُّهُ لَكَ حَلَالٌ‌[4].

A man came to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) and said: "I have earned wealth, but I was not careful in seeking it, whether it was lawful or unlawful. Now I wish to repent, but I do not know what portion of it is lawful and what is unlawful, as it has become mixed." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Take out one-fifth of

عَلِيٌّ ع‌[2] مَنْ أَقَرَّ لِأَخِيهِ فَهُوَ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمَالِ وَ لَا يَثْبُتُ نَسَبُهُ وَ إِذَا أَقَرَّ اثْنَانِ فَكَذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَا عَدْلَيْنِ فَيُلْحَقُ نَسَبُهُ وَ يُضْرَبُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ مَعَهُمْ.

Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled concerning a man who died and left heirs. One of the heirs acknowledged a debt against his father. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled that it would be binding upon him in his share, according to what he inherited, and it would not apply to the entire estate. If two of the heirs acknowle

"لاَ يُخْرَجُ اَلرَّجُلُ عَنْ مَسْقَطِ رَأْسِهِ بِالدَّيْنِ اِرْفَعْهَا فَلاَ حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهَا وَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي مُحْتَاجٌ فِي وَقْتِي هَذَا إِلَى دِرْهَمٍ وَ مَا يَدْخُلُ مِلْكِي مِنْهَا دِرْهَمٌ".

Hadith.3715 - Ibrahim ibn Hashim narrated that Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) was a cloth merchant. He lost his wealth and became poor. A man owed him ten thousand dirhams. Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr sold his house, which he lived in, for ten thousand dirhams and brought the money to the debto

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ تَعَرَّضُوا لِلتِّجَارَةِ فَإِنَّ فِيهَا لَكُمْ غِنًى عَمَّا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ‌[1].

Hadith.3723 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Engage in trade, for in it lies independence from what is in the hands of others."

قَالَ ع‌ يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ صُونُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ[4] تُكَفَّرْ عَنْكُمْ ذُنُوبُكُمْ وَ أَيْمَانَكُمُ الَّتِي تَحْلِفُونَ فِيهَا تُطَيَّبْ لَكُمْ تِجَارَتُكُمْ.

Hadith.3730 - Imam (as) said: "O group of traders, protect your wealth through charity, your sins will be forgiven, and the oaths you make will be purified for you-thus your trade will be blessed."

سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً ع يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ- يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ الْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ الْمَتْجَرَ[1] الْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ الْمَتْجَرَ وَ اللَّهِ لَلرِّبَا فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ دَبِيبٌ أَخْفَى مِنْ دَبِيبِ النَّمْلِ عَلَى الصَّفَا صُونُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ[2] التَّاجِرُ فَاجِرٌ وَ الْفَاجِرُ فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا مَنْ أَخَذَ الْحَقَّ وَ أَعْطَى الْحَقَّ.

I heard Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) saying from the pulpit: "O group of traders! Learn jurisprudence, then engage in trade. Learn jurisprudence, then engage in trade. By Allah (swt), usury in this nation is more hidden than the crawling of an ant on a smooth stone. Protect your wealth through charity. The trader is sin

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع دَفَعَتْ إِلَيَّ امْرَأَتِي مَالًا أَعْمَلُ بِهِ مَا شِئْتُ فَأَشْتَرِي مِنْ مَالِهَا الْجَارِيَةَ أَطَأُهَا قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا دَفَعَتْ إِلَيْكَ لِتَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُسْخِنَ عَيْنَهَا[3].

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "My wife gave me money to use as I wish. Can I buy a bondwoman with her money and have relations with her?" Imam (as) said: "No. She gave it to you to bring comfort to her eyes, and you intend to cause her distress."

لَا يَجُوزُ الْعَرَبُونُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ نَقْداً مِنَ الثَّمَنِ[6].

"إِنْ حَدَثَ بِالْحَيَوَانِ حَدَثٌ قَبْلَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ مَالِ اَلْبَائِعِ".

"If an animal develops a defect within three days, it is the responsibility of the seller."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّا نُخَالِطُ قَوْماً مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّوَادِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ فَنَبِيعُهُمْ وَ نَرْبَحُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَشَرَةَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ وَ الْعَشَرَةَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ وَ نُؤَخِّرُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمُ السَّنَةَ وَ نَحْوَهَا فَيَكْتُبُ الرَّجُلُ لَنَا بِهَا عَلَى دَارِهِ أَوْ عَلَى أَرْضِهِ بِذَلِكَ الْمَالِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْفَضْلُ الَّذِي أَخَذَ مِنَّا شِرًى بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ بَاعَهُ وَ

I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "We deal with some people from the rural areas and others. We sell to them and make a profit - sometimes ten becomes twelve, and sometimes ten becomes thirteen. We allow them to defer payment for a year or so, and they provide us with a written guarantee secured by their house or land for t

سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ اِحْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِ دَارِهِ فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَقَالَ أَبِيعُكَ دَارِي هَذِهِ فَتَكُونُ لَكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لِغَيْرِكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَشْتَرِطَ لِي إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ أَنْ تَرُدَّهَا عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَذَا إِنْ جَاءَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ رَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ فِيهَا غَلَّةٌ كَ

Hadith.3771 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): A man asked him while I was present, saying: "A Muslim man needed to sell his house, so he came to his brother and said: 'I will sell you my house. It is more beloved to me that it belongs to you than to someone else, on the condition that if I bring you it

لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً مِنْ غَيْرِهَا رَطْبَةً أَوْ بَقْلَةً فَيَقُولُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذِهِ الرَّطْبَةَ وَ هَذَا النَّخْلَ وَ هَذَا الشَّجَرَ[2] بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَخْرُجِ الثَّمَرَةُ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِ الْمُشْتَرِي فِي الرَّطْبَةِ وَ الْبَقْلِ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ وَرَقِ الشَّجَرِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهُ ثَلَاثَ خَرَطَاتٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ خَرَطَاتٍ فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْوَرَقَ

I asked him about selling fruits-whether it is permissible to buy them before their buds appear. Imam (as) said: "No, except if he buys something along with it, like fresh greens or vegetables, and says: 'I am buying these greens, this palm tree, and this tree for such and such price.' If the fruit does not emerge, the

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي الْمَتَاعَ بِنَظِرَةٍ[4] فَيَجِي‌ءُ الرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُ بِكَمْ تَقَوَّمَ عَلَيْكَ فَأَقُولُ تُقَوَّمُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَأَبِيعُهُ بِرِبْحٍ قَالَ إِذَا بِعْتَهُ مُرَابَحَةً كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ النَّظِرَةِ مِثْلُ مَا لَكَ‌[5] قَالَ فَاسْتَرْجَعْتُ‌[6] وَ قُلْتُ هَلَكْنَا فَقَالَ مِمَّا قُلْتُ لِأَنَّ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ثَوْباً أَبِيعُهُ مُرَابَحَةً فَيُشْتَرَى مِنِّي وَ لَوْ وُضِعْ

Hadith.3794 - Maysir, the seller of fabrics, narrated: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): We purchase merchandise on credit, and a man comes and asks, "For how much was it valued for you?" I reply, "It was valued at such and such," and then I sell it to him at a profit. Imam (as) said: "If you sell it on a profit basis (Mura

قَالَ : وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسِّمْسَارِ يَشْتَرِي بِالْأَجْرِ فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ اَلْوَرِقُ وَ يُشْتَرَطُ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّكَ مَا تَشْتَرِي فَمَا شِئْتُ أَخَذْتُهُ وَ مَا شِئْتُ تَرَكْتُهُ فَيَذْهَبُ فَيَشْتَرِي ثُمَّ يَأْتِي بِالْمَتَاعِ فَيَقُولُ خُذْ مَا رَضِيتَ وَ دَعْ مَا كَرِهْتَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3809 - He said: I asked Imam (as) about a broker who buys for a fee. Money is handed over to him, and it is stipulated that whatever he buys, the buyer has the option to take what he likes and leave what he dislikes. The broker then goes and makes the purchase, and upon returning with the goods, he says, "Take w

مَنْ بَاعَ عَبْداً وَ كَانَ لِلْعَبْدِ مَالٌ فَالْمَالُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِذَلِكَ.

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي الْمَمْلُوكَ لِمَنْ مَالُهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ الْبَائِعُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالًا فَهُوَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَ فَهُوَ لِلْبَائِعِ‌[4].

Hadith.3816 - In a narration from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Zurara, he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who buys a slave, who does the wealth of the slave belong to?" Imam (as) replied: "If the seller knew that the slave had wealth, then it belongs to the buyer. However, if the seller was unaware, then it belo

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي الْمَمْلُوكَ وَ مَالَهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ فَيَكُونُ مَالُ الْمَمْلُوكِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اشْتَرَاهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[5].

Hadith.3817 - Zurara narrated: "I said to Abu Abdullah (as): A man buys a slave along with his wealth. Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.' I asked: 'What if the wealth of the slave is greater than the price he was purchased for?' Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.'

لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع رَجُلٌ يَدُلُّ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى السِّلْعَةِ وَ يَقُولُ اشْتَرِهَا وَ لِيَ نِصْفُهَا فَيَشْتَرِيهَا الرَّجُلُ وَ يَنْقُدُ مِنْ مَالِهِ قَالَ لَهُ نِصْفُ الرِّبْحِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ وُضِعَ لَحِقَهُ مِنَ الْوَضِيعَةِ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ عَلَيْهِ الْوَضِيعَةُ كَمَا يَأْخُذُ الرِّبْحَ.

Hadith.3823 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrates: I said to Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)): A man directs another man to a commodity and says, 'Buy it, and half of it will be mine.' The man buys it and pays from his own money. The Imam (as) replied: "He is entitled to half the profit." I asked: "What if there i

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمُضَارَبَةِ يُعْطَى الرَّجُلُ الْمَالَ فَيَخْرُجُ بِهِ إِلَى أَرْضٍ وَ يُنْهَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ بِهِ إِلَى أَرْضٍ غَيْرِهَا فَعَصَى وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى أَرْضٍ أُخْرَى فَعَطِبَ الْمَالُ‌[5] فَقَالَ هُوَ ضَامِنٌ وَ إِنْ سَلِمَ وَ رَبِحَ‌[6] فَالرِّبْحُ بَيْنَهُمَا.

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a partnership in which a man is given wealth and instructed to take it to a specific land, but he disobeys and takes it to another land, and the wealth is lost. Imam (as) said: "He is liable. However, if it is safe and profits are made, then the profit is to be shared between them."

إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ‌ مَنْ ضَمَّنَ تَاجِراً فَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا رَأْسُ الْمَالِ‌[1] وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِنَ الرِّبْحِ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

Hadith.3843 - Muhammad bin Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever guarantees a trader is entitled only to the principal amount and has no share in the profit."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ مُضَارَبَةً فَاشْتَرَى أَبَاهُ وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ قَالَ يُقَوَّمُ فَإِنْ زَادَ دِرْهَماً وَاحِداً أُعْتِقَ وَ اسْتُسْعِيَ فِي مَالِ الرَّجُلِ‌[3].

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man gave another man one thousand dirhams in a partnership, and he unknowingly purchased his father with it." Imam (as) said: "He should be valued, and if his value exceeds by even one dirham, he shall be freed and shall work to repay the man's wealth."

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ مَالٌ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَيَتَقَاضَاهُ وَ لَا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ مَا يَقْضِيهِ فَيَقُولُ هُوَ عِنْدَكَ مُضَارَبَةً قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ مِنْهُ‌[4].

Hadith.3845 - Al-Sakooni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers (peace be upon them) who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said regarding a man who is owed money by another man and demands repayment, but the debtor does not have

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌[1] الْمُضَارِبُ مَا أَنْفَقَ فِي سَفَرِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمْعِ الْمَالِ فَإِذَا قَدِمَ بَلْدَتَهُ فَمَا أَنْفَقَ فَهُوَ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ.

Hadith.3846 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whatever the partner spends during his travel is taken from the joint capital. However, when he returns to his town, whatever he spends is from his own share."

كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌[2] يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ يَمُوتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ مَالُ الْمُضَارَبَةِ إِنَّهُ إِنْ سَمَّاهُ بِعَيْنِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا لِفُلَانٍ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ فَهُوَ أُسْوَةُ الْغُرَمَاءِ[3].

Hadith.3847 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: "Whoever dies while holding partnership capital, if he specifies it before his death and says, 'This belongs to so-and-so,' then it is his. However, if he dies without mentioning it, it will be treated like the property of other creditors."

أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ أَعْطِنِي رَأْسَ الْمَالِ وَ الرِّبْحُ لَكَ وَ مَا تَوِيَ فَعَلَيَّ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا اشْتَرَطَا[4] وَ إِنْ كَانَ شَرْطاً يُخَالِفُ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ رُدَّ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

Hadith.3848 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding two men who entered into partnership with wealth, made a profit, and the wealth included both debt and cash. One of them said to the other, "Give me the principal amount, and the profit will be yours, and any loss will be my responsibility.

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ يَهَبُ لِعَبْدِهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ فَيَقُولُ حَلِّلْنِي مِنْ ضَرْبِي إِيَّاكَ أَوْ مِنْ كُلِّ مَا كَانَ مِنِّي إِلَيْكَ أَوْ مِمَّا أَخَفْتُكَ وَ أَرْهَبْتُكَ فَيُحَلِّلُهُ وَ يَجْعَلُهُ فِي حِلٍّ رَغْبَةً فِيمَا أَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمَوْلَى بَعْدُ أَصَابَ الدَّرَاهِمَ الَّتِي أَعْطَاهُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ قَدْ وَضَعَهَا فِيهِ الْعَبْدُ فَأَخَذَهَ

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "What do you say about a man who gifts his slave one thousand dirhams, or more or less, and says to him, 'Release me from my beating you, or from everything I have done to you, or from the fear and intimidation I caused you?' So the slave releases him and declares him free from blame, desir

إِنَّكَ تَجِي‌ءُ وَ تَدْخُلُ وَ نَحْنُ فِي حَالٍ نَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَرَانَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا جِئْتَ فَاسْتَأْذِنْ حَتَّى نَتَحَرَّزَ ثُمَّ نَأْذَنَ لَكَ وَ تَدْخُلَ قَالَ لَا أَفْعَلُ هُوَ مَالِي أَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا أَسْتَأْذِنُ فَأَتَى الْأَنْصَارِيُّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَى سَمُرَةَ فَجَاءَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اسْتَأْذِنْ عَلَيْهِ فَأَبَى وَ قَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ لِلْأَنْصَ

Samurah ibn Jundab had a date-palm tree in the garden of a man from the Ansar, and the house of the Ansari had the pathway leading to the garden. Samurah would come and enter without seeking permission. The Ansari said to him: "You come and enter while we are in a state that we dislike you seeing us in. When you come,

إِنْ شَاءَ اسْتَرْجَعَ فَضْلَ مَالِهِ وَ أَخَذَ الْأَرْضَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ رَدَّ الْبَيْعَ وَ أَخَذَ مَالَهُ كُلَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ إِلَى حَدِّ تِلْكَ الْأَرْضِ لَهُ أَيْضاً أَرَضُونَ فَيُوَفِّيَهُ وَ يَكُونُ الْبَيْعُ لَازِماً لَهُ وَ الْوَفَاءُ لَهُ بِتَمَامِ الْمَبِيعِ‌[2] فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَكَانِ غَيْرُ الَّذِي بَاعَ فَإِنْ شَاءَ الْمُشْتَرِي أَخَذَ الْأَرْضَ وَ اسْتَرْجَعَ فَضْلَ مَالِهِ و

Hadith.3875 - Umar bin Hanzalah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who sold a piece of land, claiming it contained ten jaribs, and the buyer purchased it with its boundaries specified, paid the price, concluded the sale, and they separated. However, when the land was measured, it turned out to be only five

كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ‌[2] إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْتاً فِي دَارٍ لَهُ بِجَمِيعِ حُقُوقِهِ وَ فَوْقَهُ بَيْتٌ آخَرُ هَلْ يَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتُ الْأَعْلَى فِي حُقُوقِ الْبَيْتِ الْأَسْفَلِ أَمْ لَا فَوَقَّعَ ع لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا مَا اشْتَرَاهُ بِاسْمِهِ وَ مَوْضِعِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.

Hadith.3884 - Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) have mercy on him, wrote to Abu Muhammad Al-Hasan bin Ali (as) regarding a man who purchased a house in a property with all its rights, and there was another house above it. He asked whether the upper house is included in the rights of the lower house or no