Work & Livelihood

لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع هَلْ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ النَّخْلِ إِذَا حَمَلَ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهُ حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الزَّهْوُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ يَحْمَرُّ وَ يَصْفَرُّ.

Hadith.3791 - Al-Hasan bin Ali bin Bint Ilyas narrated: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as): Is it permissible to sell palm trees when they have borne fruit? Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible to sell them until they ripen." I said: What is meant by ripening, may I be your ransom? Imam (as) said: "When they turn red or yello

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قُلْتُ‌ أُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ الثَّمَنَ‌[1] عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَقُولُ لَهُ إِذَا قَامَتْ ثَمَرَتُكَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ فَهِيَ لِي بِذَلِكَ الثَّمَنِ إِنْ رَضِيتَ أَخَذْتُ وَ إِنْ كَرِهْتَ تَرَكْتُ فَقَالَ أَ مَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ وَ لَا تَشْتَرِطَ شَيْئاً قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ لَا يُسَمِّي شَيْئاً وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ ذَلِكَ‌[2] قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ

Hadith.3792 - Ya'qub bin Shu'ayb narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as): I give a man twenty dinars and say to him, "If your fruit reaches a certain value, it is mine for that price. If I agree, I will take it, and if I dislike it, I will leave it." Imam (as) said: "Can you not give it to him without making any condition?

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَبْتَاعُ لَكَ مَتَاعاً وَ الرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Hadith.3793 - Asim bin Humayd narrated from Abu Basir: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who says to another man, "I will buy merchandise for you, and the profit will be shared between me and you." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي الْمَتَاعَ بِنَظِرَةٍ[4] فَيَجِي‌ءُ الرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُ بِكَمْ تَقَوَّمَ عَلَيْكَ فَأَقُولُ تُقَوَّمُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَأَبِيعُهُ بِرِبْحٍ قَالَ إِذَا بِعْتَهُ مُرَابَحَةً كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ النَّظِرَةِ مِثْلُ مَا لَكَ‌[5] قَالَ فَاسْتَرْجَعْتُ‌[6] وَ قُلْتُ هَلَكْنَا فَقَالَ مِمَّا قُلْتُ لِأَنَّ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ثَوْباً أَبِيعُهُ مُرَابَحَةً فَيُشْتَرَى مِنِّي وَ لَوْ وُضِعْ

Hadith.3794 - Maysir, the seller of fabrics, narrated: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): We purchase merchandise on credit, and a man comes and asks, "For how much was it valued for you?" I reply, "It was valued at such and such," and then I sell it to him at a profit. Imam (as) said: "If you sell it on a profit basis (Mura

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ الْمَتَاعَ عَلَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي فِي كُلِّ ثَوْبٍ أَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ إِنَّمَا يَشْتَرِي لِلنَّاسِ وَ يَقُولُ اجْعَلْ لِي رِبْحاً عَلَى أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ مِنْكَ‌[2] فَكَرِهَهُ.

Hadith.3795 - Abdul-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj narrated: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who said to another man: "I will buy merchandise from you, provided that you give me such and such profit on each piece of cloth I purchase from you." The man, however, buys the merchandise for others and says, "Grant me a profit b

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ الْمَتَاعَ بِنَسَاءٍ[4] أَ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي يَبِيعُهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَشْتَرِي مَتَاعِي فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هُوَ مَتَاعَكَ وَ لَا بَقَرَكَ وَ لَا غَنَمَكَ‌[5].

Hadith.3796 - Bashshar ibn Yasar narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who sells merchandise for deferred payment (on credit). Can he buy it back from the one to whom he sold it? Imam (as) replied: "Yes, there is no problem with it." I then asked him: "Can I buy back my own merchandise?" Imam (as) replied: "I

إِنْ رَغِبَ فِي الرِّبْحِ فَلْيُوجِبِ الثَّوْبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ لَا يَجْعَلْ فِي نَفْسِهِ‌[7] أَنْ يَرُدَّ الثَّوْبَ عَلَى‌

Hadith.3797 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about a man who buys a garment from the market for his family and takes it with a condition that he may return it if not accepted, but he is offered a profit if his family keeps it. Imam (as) said: "If he desires the profit,

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْقَوْمِ يَشْتَرُونَ الْجِرَابَ الْهَرَوِيَّ أَوِ الْكَرَوِيَّ أَوِ الْمَرْوَزِيَّ أَوِ الْقُوهِيَ‌[2] فَيَشْتَرِي الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ‌[3] عَشَرَةَ أَثْوَابٍ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ خِيَارَهُ‌[4] كُلُّ ثَوْبٍ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ أَوْ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ فَقَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ هَذَا الْبَيْعَ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فِيهِ خِيَاراً غَيْرَ خَمْسَةِ أَثْوَابٍ وَ وَجَدَ بَقِيَّتَهُ سَوَاءً فَقَا

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who buy Herawi, Karawi, Marwazi, or Quhi bundles of clothes. A man among them purchases ten garments, stipulating a condition that each garment is worth five dirhams, or less, or more. Imam (as) said: "I do not like this type of sale. What if he does not find any choice

لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَبِيعُهُمْ مُرَابَحَةً[1].

Hadith.3799 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani and Sama'ah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Imam (as) was asked about a man who carries goods for the people of the market, and they have set a price for him. They then say to him, "Sell it, and whatever profit you make above the price is yours." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm

وَ كَمْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا فِي كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ أَلْفَيْنِ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَبِيعُكُمْ هَذَا الْمَتَاعَ بِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفاً[3].

Hadith.3800 - Ubaydullah ibn Ali al-Halabi and Muhammad al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Goods arrived for Abu Abdullah (as) from Egypt. Imam (as) prepared food and invited the merchants. They said: "We will take it at dah dawazdah (a price of twelve)." Imam (as) asked: "And how much does that amount to?" The

لَا حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا قَوَّمَهُ‌[6].

Hadith.3801 - Al-'Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), regarding a man who purchases goods altogether for a set price and then appraises each garment based on its value until it equals his capital, selling it item by item at a profit Imam (as) said: "No, not until he clarifies to the buyer

لَهُمْ أُعْطِيكُمْ ثَمَنَهُ الَّذِي بِعْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَقَالُوا لَا وَ لَكِنَّا نَأْخُذُ قِيمَتَهُ مِنْكَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ يَلْزَمُهُمْ ذَلِكَ‌[7].

Hadith.3802 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Yazid: I sold a Harawi sack in Medina, with each garment priced at a specific amount. They took it and divided it among them. Then they found a defect in one of the garments and returned it to me. I said to them, "I will give you its price that I sold it to you for." They repl

إِنْ كَانَ الثَّوْبُ قَائِماً بِعَيْنِهِ رَدَّهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ وَ أَخَذَ الثَّمَنَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ خَاطَ الثَّوْبَ أَوْ صَبَغَهُ أَوْ قَطَعَهُ رَجَعَ بِنُقْصَانِ الْعَيْبِ‌[1].

Hadith.3803 - In the narration of Jamil ibn Darraj, from some of our companions, from one of the Imams (peace be upon them): Regarding a man who buys a garment or merchandise from another man and then discovers a defect in it. Imam (as) said: "If the garment is still intact as it was, he can return it to its owner and

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى بَيْعاً لَيْسَ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لَا وَزْنٌ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ مُرَابَحَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ وَ يَأْخُذَ رِبْحَهُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لَا وَزْنٌ فَإِنْ هُوَ قَبَضَهُ فَهُوَ أَبْرَأُ لِنَفْسِهِ‌[3].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who buys goods that do not require measurement by volume or weight. Is it permissible for him to sell them at a profit before taking possession of them and to collect his profit? The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that as long as the goods do not require measurement by volume

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ اشْتَرَوْا بَزّاً[4] فَاشْتَرَكُوا فِيهِ جَمِيعاً وَ لَمْ يَقْتَسِمُوهُ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ بَيْعَ بَزِّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الطَّعَامِ لِأَنَّ الطَّعَامَ يُكَالُ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who bought cloth and jointly owned it without dividing it among themselves. Is it permissible for any one of them to sell his share of the cloth before taking possession of it? The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." Then Imam (as) added: "This is not like food

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى ثَوْباً ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يُقِيلَهُ إِلَّا بِوَضِيعَةٍ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ بِوَضِيعَةٍ[5] فَإِنْ جَهِلَ فَأَخَذَهُ فَبَاعَهُ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ رَدَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ الْأَوَّلِ‌

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who bought a garment and then returned it to its seller, but the seller refused to cancel the sale except with a reduction in price. The Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible for him to take it back at a reduced price. If he was unaware and took it back, then sold it for more than

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ بَيْعِ الْغَزْلِ بِالثِّيَابِ الْمَنْسُوجَةِ وَ الْغَزْلُ أَكْثَرُ وَزْناً مِنَ الثِّيَابِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[2].

Hadith.3807 - Abdul-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about selling yarn in exchange for woven clothes, where the yarn weighs more than the clothes. The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

لَا بَأْسَ بِأَجْرِ السِّمْسَارِ[3] إِنَّمَا هُوَ يَشْتَرِي لِلنَّاسِ يَوْماً بَعْدَ يَوْمٍ بِشَيْءٍ مُسَمًّى[4] إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِثْلُ الْأَجِيرِ.

قَالَ : وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسِّمْسَارِ يَشْتَرِي بِالْأَجْرِ فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ اَلْوَرِقُ وَ يُشْتَرَطُ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّكَ مَا تَشْتَرِي فَمَا شِئْتُ أَخَذْتُهُ وَ مَا شِئْتُ تَرَكْتُهُ فَيَذْهَبُ فَيَشْتَرِي ثُمَّ يَأْتِي بِالْمَتَاعِ فَيَقُولُ خُذْ مَا رَضِيتَ وَ دَعْ مَا كَرِهْتَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3809 - He said: I asked Imam (as) about a broker who buys for a fee. Money is handed over to him, and it is stipulated that whatever he buys, the buyer has the option to take what he likes and leave what he dislikes. The broker then goes and makes the purchase, and upon returning with the goods, he says, "Take w

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِسَبْيٍ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغُوا الْجُحْفَةَ نَفِدَتْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ فَبَاعُوا جَارِيَةً كَانَتْ أُمُّهَا مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص سَمِعَ بُكَاءَهَا فَقَالَ مَا هَذِهِ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ احْتَجْنَا إِلَى نَفَقَةٍ فَبِعْنَا ابْنَتَهَا فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَأُتِيَ بِهَا وَ قَالَ بِيعُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً أَو

I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: A group of captives from Yemen were brought to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family). When they reached Al-Juhfa, their provisions ran out, so they sold a young girl whose mother was with them. When they arrived before the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon

لَا هُوَ حَرَامٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يُرِيدُوا ذَلِكَ‌[1].

Hadith.3811 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about two slave brothers, whether they can be separated, and about a woman and her child, whether they can be separated. Imam (as) replied: "No, it is forbidden, except if they themselves desire it."

صَاحِبُ الْجَارِيَةِ لِلَّذِينَ بَاعَهُمْ اكْفُونِي غَرِيمِي هَذَا وَ الَّذِي رَبِحْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[2].

Hadith.3812 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who bought a bondwoman for a specified price, then sold her and made a profit before paying the original seller. The original seller came to demand his payment, so the man who sold the bondwoman said to those who bought her: "Take car

قَالَ ع‌[3] فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى دَابَّةً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ ثَمَنُهَا فَأَتَى رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ يَا فُلَانُ انْقُدْ عَنِّي وَ الرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ‌[4] فَنَقَدَ عَنْهُ فَنَفَقَتِ‌ الدَّابَّةُ[1] قَالَ الثَّمَنُ عَلَيْهِمَا لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ رِبْحٌ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا.

Hadith.3813 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who bought an animal but did not have its price, so he went to one of his companions and said: "O so-and-so, pay on my behalf, and the profit will be shared between me and you." The companion paid on his behalf, but the animal died. Imam (as) said: "The price is upon both of

قَالَ ع‌[2] فِي الرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ الْمَمْلُوكَ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُ شَيْئاً[3] قَالَ يَجُوزُ.

Hadith.3814 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who sells a slave and stipulates upon the buyer to give him something: "It is permissible."

مَنْ بَاعَ عَبْداً وَ كَانَ لِلْعَبْدِ مَالٌ فَالْمَالُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِذَلِكَ.

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي الْمَمْلُوكَ لِمَنْ مَالُهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ الْبَائِعُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالًا فَهُوَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَ فَهُوَ لِلْبَائِعِ‌[4].

Hadith.3816 - In a narration from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Zurara, he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who buys a slave, who does the wealth of the slave belong to?" Imam (as) replied: "If the seller knew that the slave had wealth, then it belongs to the buyer. However, if the seller was unaware, then it belo

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي الْمَمْلُوكَ وَ مَالَهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ فَيَكُونُ مَالُ الْمَمْلُوكِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اشْتَرَاهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[5].

Hadith.3817 - Zurara narrated: "I said to Abu Abdullah (as): A man buys a slave along with his wealth. Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.' I asked: 'What if the wealth of the slave is greater than the price he was purchased for?' Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.'

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ شِرَاءِ مَمْلُوكِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَقَرُّوا لَهُمْ بِذَلِكَ فَاشْتَرِ وَ انْكِحْ‌[1].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about purchasing a slave from the People of the Book (Ahl al-Dhimma)." Imam (as) replied: "If they acknowledge ownership of the slave, then buy and marry."

يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَرُدُّ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً[2].

Hadith.3819 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as). He said: "I asked Imam (as) about a man who buys a bondwoman, then has relations with her, and later discovers that she is pregnant." Imam (as) replied: "He must return her and also return something along with her."

فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَرُدُّ نِصْفَ عُشْرِ ثَمَنِهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ حُبْلَى‌[3].

Hadith.3820 - In the narration of Abdul-Malik ibn Amr from Abu Abdillah (as): "He must return her and also return half a tenth of her price if she is pregnant."

فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَكْسُوهَا[4].

Hadith.3821 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "He must return her and provide her with clothing."

مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ أَجْعَلَ لَهَا أَجْراً.

Hadith.3822 - Muhammad ibn Maythar narrates from Abu Abdullah (as): "Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) would not return a bondwoman due to a defect if she had been intimate, but he would claim compensation for the value of the defect. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say, 'I seek refuge in Allah (swt) from making her a so

لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع رَجُلٌ يَدُلُّ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى السِّلْعَةِ وَ يَقُولُ اشْتَرِهَا وَ لِيَ نِصْفُهَا فَيَشْتَرِيهَا الرَّجُلُ وَ يَنْقُدُ مِنْ مَالِهِ قَالَ لَهُ نِصْفُ الرِّبْحِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ وُضِعَ لَحِقَهُ مِنَ الْوَضِيعَةِ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ عَلَيْهِ الْوَضِيعَةُ كَمَا يَأْخُذُ الرِّبْحَ.

Hadith.3823 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrates: I said to Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)): A man directs another man to a commodity and says, 'Buy it, and half of it will be mine.' The man buys it and pays from his own money. The Imam (as) replied: "He is entitled to half the profit." I asked: "What if there i

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَدْخُلُ السُّوقَ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً فَتَقُولُ إِنِّي حُرَّةٌ قَالَ اشْتَرِهَا إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهَا بَيِّنَةٌ[1].

Hadith.3824 - Hamzah ibn Humran narrates: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): I enter the market intending to buy a bondwoman, but she claims that she is free. The Imam (as) replied: "Buy her unless she has evidence (to prove her claim of freedom)."

نَعَمْ.

Hadith.3825 - Al-Is ibn al-Qasim asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a slave who claimed that he was free but did not provide any evidence for his claim. The Imam (as) replied: "Yes, you may buy him."

وَلِيدَتِي بَاعَهَا ابْنِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي قَالَ الْحُكْمُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ وَلِيدَتَهُ وَ ابْنَهَا[3] فَيُنَاشِدَهُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا[4] فَقَالَ لَهُ خُذِ ابْنَهُ الَّذِي بَاعَكَ وَ تَقُولُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أُرْسِلُ ابْنَكَ حَتَّى تُرْسِلَ ابْنِي‌[5] فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ سَيِّدُ الْوَلِيدَةِ أَجَازَ بَيْعَ ابْنِهِ‌[1].

"Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning a female slave who was sold by the son of her master while her master was absent. The buyer took her as a concubine, and she bore him a son. Later, her original master returned and disputed with the buyer, claiming: 'She is my slave, and my son sold her without my permis

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْغُلاَمَ أَوِ اَلْجَارِيَةَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ أَوْ أَبٌ أَوْ أُمٌّ بِمِصْرٍ مِنَ اَلْأَمْصَارِ قَالَ "لاَ يُخْرِجُهُ مِنْ مِصْرٍ إِلَى مِصْرٍ آخَرَ إِنْ كَانَ صَغِيراً وَ لاَ يَشْتَرِيهِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمٌّ فَطَابَتْ نَفْسُهَا وَ نَفْسُهُ فَاشْتَرِهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ".

Hadith.3827 - Ibn Sinan narrated that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Regarding a man who buys a male or female slave, and the slave has a brother, sister, father, or mother in one of the cities, he should not take the slave out of that city to another city if the slave is young, nor should he buy him. However, if the slave h

لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Hadith.3828 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about walnuts that cannot be counted individually, so they are measured with a container and then counted based on the amount in that container. Afterward, the remaining quantity is measured according to that count. Imam (as) said: "Ther

مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلًا فَلَا يَصْلُحُ بَيْعُهُ مُجَازَفَةً هَذَا مِمَّا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ[5].

لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مِثْلَ هَذِهِ الْوَضَاحِيَّةِ[7] يَجُوزُ- كَمَا يَجُوزُ عِنْدَنَا عَدَداً[1].

Hadith.3830 - Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "I asked Imam (as) about a man who purchases a commodity with a dirham, and the dirham is deficient by a fraction, such as a grain or the like. Should he give it to the seller without informing him that it is deficient?" Imam (as) said: 'No, unl

لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَحْلُبَ لَكَ مِنْهُ سُكُرُّجَةً[2] فَتَقُولُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ‌[3] هَذَا اللَّبَنَ الَّذِي فِي السُّكُرُّجَةِ وَ مَا فِي ضُرُوعِهَا بِثَمَنٍ مُسَمًّى فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الضُّرُوعِ شَيْ‌ءٌ كَانَ فِيمَا فِي السُّكُرُّجَةِ[4].

Hadith.3831 - Samaah asked him about purchasing milk while it is still in the udders. Imam (as) said: "No, unless he milks some of it into a small vessel (sukurjah) for you, and then you say, 'I purchase from you this milk that is in the vessel and what is in its udders for a specified price.' If there is nothing in th

إِذَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً وَاحِداً قَدْ أَدْرَكَ فَاشْتَرِهِ وَ تَقَبَّلْ بِهِ.

Hadith.3832 - Aban narrated from Ismail ibn al-Fadl, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who accepts responsibility for the payment of poll tax (jizyah) for individuals, the land tax (kharaj) for palm trees, crops, forests, hunting grounds, fish, and birds, while he does not know whether any of

لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهُ شَيْئاً آخَرَ وَ يَقُولَ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذَا الشَّيْ‌ءَ وَ عَبْدَكَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ كَانَ الثَّمَنُ الَّذِي نَقَدَهُ فِيمَا اشْتَرَى مِنْهُ‌[3].

Hadith.3833 - Zur'ah narrated from Sama'ah, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who purchases a slave while the slave has run away from his owner. Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible for him unless he purchases something else along with him and says, 'I purchase from you this item and your slave for such and such

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ أَحْمَالٌ بِكَيْلٍ مُسَمًّى فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِأَحْمَالٍ مِنْهَا أَقَلُّ مِنَ الْكَيْلِ الَّذِي لِي عَلَيْهِ فَآخُذُهَا مُجَازَفَةً فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌[5] قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى الْآخَرِ مِائَةُ كُرٍّ تَمْراً وَ لَهُ نَخْلٌ فَيَأْتِيهِ فَيَقُولُ أَعْطِنِي نَخْلَكَ‌[6] هَذَا بِمَا عَلَيْكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ‌[7] قَالَ وَ س

Hadith.3834 - Yaqub ibn Shuayb narrated: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owes me loads of goods measured by a specific scale, but he sends me loads that are less than the specified measurement I am owed. Can I take them without measuring precisely (mujazafah)? Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." He said

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى تِبْنَ بَيْدَرٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدَاسَ تِبْنَ كُلِّ كُرٍّ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَيَأْخُذُ التِّبْنَ وَ يَبِيعُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَالَ الطَّعَامُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌[2].

I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who purchased straw from a threshing floor before it was threshed, each load of straw for a specified amount, and he took the straw and sold it before the grain was measured. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَشْتَرِي مِائَةَ رَاوِيَةٍ مِنْ زَيْتٍ وَ أَعْتَرِضُ رَاوِيَةً أَوِ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَ أَتَّزِنُهُمَا ثُمَّ آخُذُ سَائِرَهُ‌[3] عَلَى قَدْرِ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I purchase one hundred containers of oil, and I inspect one or two containers and weigh them, then take the rest based on that measurement." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

نَعَمْ‌[4].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who has a debt and holds collateral along with it, can he purchase it? Imam (as) said: "Yes."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلًا فَلَا يَصْلُحُ مُجَازَفَةً[5].

Hadith.3838 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Any food for which a specific measure has been stipulated cannot be sold without measurement."

كَانَ مَعِي

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا أَ يُبَاعُ وَ يُشْتَرَى وَ يُسْتَخْدَمُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَيُسْتَنْكَحُ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَا تَطْلُبُ وَلَدَهَا[2].

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a child born out of wedlock, can he be sold, purchased, and employed as a servant? Imam (as) said: "Yes." I said: "Can he be married?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, but do not seek her offspring."