Charity & Zakat

الْمَنُّ يَهْدِمُ الصَّنِيعَةَ

إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَرِهَ لِي سِتَّ خِصَالٍ وَ كَرِهْتُهُنَّ لِلْأَوْصِيَاءِ مِنْ وُلْدِي وَ أَتْبَاعِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي الْعَبَثَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ الرَّفَثَ فِي الصَّوْمِ وَ الْمَنَّ بَعْدَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ إِتْيَانَ الْمَسَاجِدِ جُنُباً وَ التَّطَلُّعَ فِي الدُّورِ وَ الضَّحِكَ بَيْنَ الْقُبُورِ

وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع‌ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بَعَثَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ بِخَمْسَةِ أَوْسَاقٍ مِنْ تَمْرِ الْبُغَيْبِغَةِ[4] وَ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ‌

Hadith.1762 - Mas’ada ibn Sadaqa narrates from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), from his forefathers (as): "Indeed, the Commander of the Faithful (as) sent to a man five wasaq (measures) of dates from al-Bughaibigha. This man was among those who would hope for his generosity, appreciate his kindness, and be conte

نَزَلَتْ فِي صِلَةِ الْإِمَامِ ع‌[5].

Hadith.1763 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty: "Who is it that will lend to Allah (swt) a goodly loan?" Imam (as) said: "It was revealed concerning the support of the Imam (as)."

وَ قَالَ ع‌ دِرْهَمٌ يُوصَلُ بِهِ الْإِمَامُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ أَلْفِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ يُنْفَقُ فِي غَيْرِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌[1].

Hadith.1764 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "A dirham given to support the Imam is better than a million dirhams spent on others in the way of Allah (swt), the Almighty."

مَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى صِلَتِنَا فَلْيَصِلْ صَالِحِي شِيعَتِنَا[2] يُكْتَبْ لَهُ ثَوَابُ صِلَتِنَا وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى زِيَارَتِنَا فَلْيَزُرْ صَالِحِي مَوَالِينَا يُكْتَبْ لَهُ ثَوَابُ زِيَارَتِنَا

بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الْوَلَايَةِ[1]

لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَبَاعَدَ الشَّيْطَانُ عَنْكُمْ كَمَا تَبَاعَدَ الْمَشْرِقُ مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ الصَّوْمُ يُسَوِّدُ وَجْهَهُ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ تَكْسِرُ ظَهْرَهُ وَ الْحُبُّ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الْمُؤَازَرَةُ عَلَى الْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ يَقْطَعُ دَابِرَهُ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارُ يَقْطَعُ وَتِينَهُ[5] وَ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ زَكَاةٌ

لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَصْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ فَرْعِهِ وَ ذِرْوَتِهِ وَ سَنَامِهِ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ أَصْلُهُ الصَّلَاةُ وَ فَرْعُهُ الزَّكَاةُ وَ ذِرْوَتُهُ وَ سَنَامُهُ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَبْوَابِ الْخَيْرِ الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ[6]

قَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَوْماً يَا زُهْرِيُّ مِنْ أَيْنَ جِئْتَ فَقُلْتُ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ فَفِيمَ كُنْتُمْ قُلْتُ تَذَاكَرْنَا أَمْرَ الصَّوْمِ فَأَجْمَعَ رَأْيِي وَ رَأْيُ أَصْحَابِي عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الصَّوْمِ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَاجِبٌ إِلَّا صَوْمُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ يَا زُهْرِيُّ لَيْسَ كَمَا قُلْتُمْ الصَّوْمُ عَلَى أَرْبَعِينَ وَجْهاً فَعَشَرَةُ أَوْجُهٍ مِنْهَا وَاجِبَةٌ كَوُجُوبِ شَهْر

Hadith.1784 - It is narrated from al-Zuhri that he said: "One day, Imam Zain al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Hussein (as) said to me: 'O Zuhri, where have you come from?' I replied: 'From the mosque.' Imam (as) asked: 'What were you discussing?' I said: 'We were discussing the matter of fasting, and my opinion along with that of

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي قَدِ اشْتَدَّ عَلَيَّ صَوْمُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ فَمَا يُجْزِي عَنِّي أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِدِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ صَدَقَةُ دِرْهَمٍ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمٍ‌[2].

"I said to Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)): 'Fasting three days every month has become difficult for me. What would suffice for me? Can I give charity in place of each day, a dirham?' Imam (as) said: 'Giving charity of a dirham is better than fasting a day.'"

خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النَّاسَ فِي آخِرِ جُمُعَةٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ‌ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَظَلَّكُمْ شَهْرٌ[1] فِيهِ لَيْلَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ صِيَامَهُ وَ جَعَلَ قِيَامَ لَيْلَةٍ فِيهِ كَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ بِصَلَاةٍ سَبْعِينَ لَيْلَةً فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ الشُّهُورِ وَ جَعَلَ لِمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ فِيهِ بِخَصْلَةٍ مِنْ

"The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) addressed the people on the last Friday of Sha‘ban. He praised Allah (swt) and glorified Him, then said: 'O people, indeed, a month is approaching you in which there is a night "better than a thousand months." It is the Month of Ramadan. All

يُعْتِقُ رَقَبَةً أَوْ يَصُومُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ أَوْ يُطْعِمُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ تَصَدَّقَ بِمَا يُطِيقُ‌[4].

Hadith.1884 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who deliberately broke his fast during the Month of Ramadan for one day without any excuse. Imam (as) said: "He must free a slave, or fast for two consecutive months, or feed sixty poor people. If he cannot affor

هَلَكْتُ وَ أَهْلَكْتُ‌[6] فَقَالَ وَ مَا أَهْلَكَكَ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ‌ امْرَأَتِي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَنَا صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ لَا أُطِيقُ قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِعِذْقٍ فِي مِكْتَلٍ‌[1] فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص خُذْهَا فَتَصَدَّقْ

Hadith.1885 - Abd al-Mu’min ibn al-Qasim al-Ansari narrated from Abu Ja'far (as): "A man came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and said: 'I have perished, and I have ruined myself.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) asked: 'What has ruined you?' The man replied: 'I had relations with my wi

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ الشَّيْخُ الْكَبِيرُ وَ الَّذِي بِهِ الْعُطَاشُ لَا حَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يُفْطِرَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ يَتَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ لَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِمَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرَا فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِمَا[1].

"I heard Abu Ja'far (as) say: 'An elderly person and one suffering from chronic thirst are not at fault if they break their fast during the Month of Ramadan. Each of them should give a mudd (a specific measure) of food as charity for each day, and there is no obligation to make up the fast. If they cannot afford this,

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ الْحَامِلُ الْمُقْرِبُ وَ الْمُرْضِعُ الْقَلِيلَةُ اللَّبَنِ لَا حَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ تُفْطِرَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِأَنَّهُمَا لَا تُطِيقَانِ الصَّوْمَ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ تُفْطِرُ فِيهِ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا قَضَاءُ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ أَفْطَرَا فِيهِ ثُمَّ تَقْضِيَانِهِ بَعْدُ.

"I heard him say: 'A pregnant woman in her late term and a nursing woman with little milk are not at fault if they break their fast during the Month of Ramadan because they are unable to fast. They must each give a mudd (a specific measure) of food as charity for every day they break their fast, and they must make up e

يَتَصَدَّقُ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ.

Hadith.1951 - Abd al-Malik ibn Utbah al-Hashimi asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about an elderly man and an elderly woman who are too weak to fast during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "They should give a mudd (a specific measure) of wheat as charity for each day."

الصَّائِمُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي السَّفَرِ كَالْمُفْطِرِ فِيهِ فِي الْحَضَرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَصُومُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فِي السَّفَرِ فَقَالَ لَا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ عَلَيَّ يَسِيرٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى مَرْضَى أُمَّتِي وَ مُسَافِرِيهَا بِالْإِفْطَارِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَ يُحِبُّ

"A fasting person in the Month of Ramadan while traveling is like one who breaks his fast in the Month of Ramadan while at home." Imam (as) then added: "A man came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) and said, 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), should I fast during the Month of Ramadan while tr

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنَّ امْرَأَتِي جَعَلَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا صَوْمَ شَهْرَيْنِ فَوَضَعَتْ وَلَدَهَا وَ أَدْرَكَهَا الْحَبَلُ فَلَمْ تَقْدِرْ[2] عَلَى الصَّوْمِ قَالَ فَلْتَصَدَّقْ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ‌[3].

Hadith.1994 - It was narrated by Ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Ja'far: "I said to Abu al-Hasan (as): 'My wife took upon herself to fast for two months, but she gave birth and then became pregnant again, so she was unable to fast.' Imam (as) said: 'She should give in charity for each day a mudd (measure) to a poor person

فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَمْرَضُ فَيُدْرِكُهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ يَخْرُجُ عَنْهُ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ فَلاَ يَصِحُّ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ آخَرُ قَالَ «يَتَصَدَّقُ عَنِ اَلْأَوَّلِ وَ يَصُومُ اَلثَّانِيَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَحَّ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَصُمْ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ آخَرُ صَامَهُمَا جَمِيعاً وَ تَصَدَّقَ عَنِ اَلْأَوَّلِ.

Hadith.1999 - Jameel narrated from Zurara from Abu Ja'far (as) regarding a man who becomes ill and the Month of Ramadan arrives while he is still sick. If he recovers after Month of Ramadan but does not make up the fasts before another Month of Ramadan arrives, what is his duty? Imam (as) replied: "He should give chari

إِنْ كَانَ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ وَ إِنْ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ بَعْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مُدٌّ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ صَامَ يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ وَ صَامَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ كَفَّارَةً لِمَا صَنَعَ‌[1]. - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ إِنْ أَفْطَرَ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَل

Hadith.2000 - Ibn Mahboub narrated from Al-Harith ibn Muhammad from Buraid Al-Ijli from Abu Ja'far (as) regarding a man who engaged with his wife during a day when he was making up a missed fast from Month of Ramadan. Abu Ja'far (as) said: "If he engaged with her before midday, there is nothing upon him except to fast

إِذَا صَامَ الرَّجُلُ شَيْئاً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ مَرِيضاً حَتَّى مَاتَ فَلَيْسَ‌

"If a man fasted part of the Month of Ramadan but then remained ill until he died, there is no obligation to make up the missed fasts. However, if he recovered and then fell ill again before passing away, and he had wealth, charity should be given on his behalf for each day missed in the amount of a mudd. If he did not

تَصَدَّقَ لِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مُدّاً مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ بِمُدِّ تَمْرٍ[2].

Hadith.2011 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti narrated from Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha (as) regarding: A man who vowed upon himself that if he were to recover from an illness or be released from imprisonment, he would fast every Wednesday—the same day he was released. However, due to an ailment or another re

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِدْرِيسَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع‌ تَصَدَّقَ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ[3].

Hadith.2012 - In a narration from Idris ibn Zayd and Ali ibn Idris, it is reported from Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) that: "He should give charity for each day with a mud (a measure) of wheat or barley."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْفِطْرَةِ فَقَالَ عَلَى الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ وَ الْحُرِّ وَ الْعَبْدِ عَنْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ‌[4].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Zakat al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: 'It is obligatory for the young and the old, the free and the enslaved. For every individual, it is one sa' (measure) of wheat, or one sa' of dates, or one sa' of raisins.'"

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفِطْرَةِ كَمْ تُدْفَعُ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَ الشَّعِيرِ وَ التَّمْرِ وَ الزَّبِيبِ قَالَ صَاعٌ بِصَاعِ النَّبِيِّ ص‌[1].

"I asked Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as) about Zakat al-Fitr: how much should be given per head from wheat, barley, dates, and raisins?" Imam (as) replied: "One sa' (measure) according to the sa' of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)."

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع عَلَى يَدِ أَبِي‌[2] جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي الصَّاعِ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ الْفِطْرَةُ بِصَاعِ الْمَدَنِيِّ وَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ بِصَاعِ الْعِرَاقِيِّ فَكَتَبَ ع إِلَيَّ الصَّاعُ سِتَّةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْمَدَنِيِّ وَ تِسْعَةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْعِرَاقِيِّ قَالَ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ بِالْوَزْنِ أَلْفاً وَ مِائَةً وَ سَبْعِينَ وَزْنَةً[3].

Hadith.2063 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya, from Ja'far ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Al-Hamadhani, who was with us during Hajj. He said: "I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) through Abu (a messenger), saying: 'May I be your ransom, our companions have differed regarding the measure of the sa': some say Zakat a

مَنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ الْحِنْطَةَ وَ الشَّعِيرَ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ الْقَمْحُ وَ السُّلْتُ وَ الْعَلَسُ وَ الذُّرَةُ[4]

كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ اَلْبَصْرِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ اَلْوَصِيِّ يُزَكِّي زَكَاةَ اَلْفِطْرَةِ عَنِ اَلْيَتَامَى إِذَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مَالٌ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «لاَ زَكَاةَ عَلَى يَتِيمٍ ».

Hadith.2065 - Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim ibn Al-Fudhayl Al-Basri wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking about whether a guardian should pay Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of orphans if they have wealth. Imam (as) replied: "There is no Zakat upon an orphan."

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ لَا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنَ الْفِطْرَةِ إِلَّا مَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَحْدَهَا أَ يُعْطِيهِ عَنْهَا أَوْ يَأْكُلُ هُوَ وَ عِيَالُهُ قَالَ يُعْطِي بَعْضَ عِيَالِهِ ثُمَّ يُعْطِي الْآخَرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ يُرَدِّدُونَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَتَكُونُ عَنْهُمْ جَمِيعاً فِطْرَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ[5].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'A man has nothing for Zakat al-Fitr except enough to pay for himself alone. Should he give it for himself, or should he use it for himself and his family?' Imam (as) replied: 'He should give it to some of his family, and then that person gives it on behalf of another, passing it among thems

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الضَّيْفُ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ فَيَحْضُرُ يَوْمُ الْفِطْرِ يُؤَدِّي عَنْهُ الْفِطْرَةَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ الْفِطْرَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مَنْ يَعُولُ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ‌[1].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who has a guest from among his brethren staying with him when the Day of Eid al-Fitr arrives. Should he pay Zakat al-Fitr on his behalf?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory for everyone he supports, whether male or female, young or old, free or enslaved."

لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ عَنْ رَأْسَيْنِ وَ ثَلَاثَةٍ وَ أَرْبَعَةٍ يَعْنِي الْفِطْرَةَ.

"There is no harm if a man gives Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of two, three, or even four individuals."

وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: «لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تَدْفَعَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ عَنْ مَنْ تَعُولُ إِلَى وَاحِدٍ».

Hadith.2069 - In another narration, it is said: "There is no harm in giving Zakat al-Fitr for yourself and those you support to a single recipient."

رَوَى ذَلِكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلْمَوْلُودِ يُولَدُ لَيْلَةَ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ اَلْيَهُودِيِّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ يُسْلِمُ لَيْلَةَ اَلْفِطْرِ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِطْرَةٌ لَيْسَ اَلْفِطْرَةُ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَنْ أَدْرَكَ اَلشَّهْرَ».

Hadith.2070 - It is narrated by Ali ibn Abi Hamzah, from Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a child born on the night of Eid al-Fitr or a Jew or Christian who converts to Islam on the night of Eid al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: "There is no Zakat al-Fitr upon them. Zakat al-Fitr is only obligatory on thos

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الطَّيِّبِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ ع هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى الْفِطْرَةُ عَنْ عِيَالِ الرَّجُلِ وَ هُمْ عَشَرَةٌ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ رَجُلًا مُحْتَاجاً مُوَافِقاً فَكَتَبَ ع نَعَمِ افْعَلْ ذَلِكَ‌[1].

"I wrote to Al-Tayyib Al-Askari (as), asking: 'Is it permissible to give the Zakat al-Fitr for a man's dependents, whether they are ten or fewer or more, to one needy and deserving person?' Imam (as) wrote in reply: 'Yes, do that.'"

الْفِطْرَةُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ‌[2].

Hadith.2072 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a mukatab (a slave who has a contract to earn their freedom): "Is Zakat al-Fitr obligatory upon the mukatab or upon the one who wrote the contract of emancipation for him? And is his testimony valid?" Imam (as) replied: "Zakat al-Fi

نَعَمْ‌[1].

Hadith.2073 - Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim ibn Al-Fudhayl wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking: "A slave’s master dies while the slave is away in another town, and the slave has money belonging to his deceased master. When Eid al-Fitr arrives, should the slave pay Zakat al-Fitr for himself from the money of his master,

لَأَنْ أُعْطِيَ فِي الْفِطْرَةِ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْطِيَ صَاعاً مِنْ تِبْرٍ[2]

التَّمْرُ فِي الْفِطْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ لِأَنَّهُ أَسْرَعُ مَنْفَعَةً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا وَقَعَ فِي يَدِ صَاحِبِهِ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ قَالَ وَ نَزَلَتِ الزَّكَاةُ وَ لَيْسَ لِلنَّاسِ أَمْوَالٌ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتِ الْفِطْرَةُ[3].

"Dates are preferred for Zakat al-Fitr over other items because they are of quicker benefit. When they reach the hands of the recipient, they can immediately eat from them." Imam (as) added: "Zakat was revealed at a time when people did not have much wealth; thus, Zakat al-Fitr was established."

الْجِيرَانُ أَحَقُّ بِهَا وَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْطَى قِيمَةُ ذَلِكَ فِضَّةً.

Hadith.2076 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about Zakat al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: "Neighbors have the greatest right to it, and there is no harm in giving its equivalent value in silver."

وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ يَقْطِينٍ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلَ ع‌ عَنْ زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرَةِ أَ يَصْلُحُ‌

Hadith.2077 - Ali ibn Yaqtin asked Imam Abu Al-Hasan Al-Awwal (as) about Zakat al-Fitr: "Is it permissible to give it to neighbors or close acquaintances who do not share the same beliefs or who do not acknowledge (the Imamate)?" Imam (as) replied: "There is no harm in that if they are in need."

اذْهَبْ فَأَعْطِ عَنْ عِيَالِنَا الْفِطْرَةَ وَ عَنِ الرَّقِيقِ وَ اجْمَعْهُمْ وَ لَا تَدَعْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَرَكْتَ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَاناً تَخَوَّفْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْفَوْتَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الْفَوْتُ قَالَ الْمَوْتُ‌[3].

Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Go and give Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of our household and for the servants. Include all of them and do not leave anyone out. If you leave out even one person, I fear for them the 'fawt' (loss)." I asked: "What is 'fawt'?" Imam (as) replied: "Death."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ لَيْسَ مِنْ عِيَالِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يَتَكَلَّفُ لَهُ نَفَقَتَهُ وَ كِسْوَتَهُ أَ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ فِطْرَتُهُ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ فِطْرَتُهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ صَدَقَةً دُونَهُ وَ قَالَ الْعِيَالُ الْوَلَدُ وَ الْمَمْلُوكُ وَ الزَّوْجَةُ وَ أُمُّ الْوَلَدِ[4].

"I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who spends on another man who is not part of his household but for whom he voluntarily provides sustenance and clothing. Is Zakat al-Fitr obligatory on him for that person?" Imam (as) replied: "No, Zakat al-Fitr is only obligatory for one’s dependents, not for such a person." Imam

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ إِذَا عَزَلْتَهَا فَلَا يَضُرُّكَ مَتَى مَا أَعْطَيْتَهَا قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ أَوْ بَعْدَهَا وَ قَالَ الْوَاجِبُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ أَبِيكَ وَ أُمِّكَ وَ وَلَدِكَ وَ امْرَأَتِكَ وَ خَادِمِكَ‌[5].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Zakat al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: 'Once you have set it aside, it does not harm you when you give it, whether before or after the prayer.' Imam (as) also said: 'It is obligatory for you to give Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of yourself, your father, your mother, your children, your wife, and you

سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ فِي أَهْلِهِ مِنْ صَدَقَةِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ «تَصَدَّقْ عَنْ جَمِيعِ مَنْ تَعُولُ مِنْ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ أَوْ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ مِنْهُمُ اَلصَّلاَةَ.

"I asked him about what is obligatory upon a man regarding Zakat al-Fitr for his household. Imam (as) said: 'Give Zakat al-Fitr for everyone you support, whether free or enslaved, young or old, as long as they have reached the time of the prayer (Eid prayer).'"

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْصُورُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ رَقِيقٌ بَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ رَأْسٌ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ عَنْهُ‌ فِطْرَتَهُ وَ إِذَا كَانَ عِدّ

Muhammad ibn Nusair narrated to us, saying: Sahl ibn Ziyad narrated to us, saying: Mansur ibn Al-Abbas narrated to us, saying: Isma'il ibn Sahl narrated from Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz, from Zurara, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked him about slaves shared among a group of people, whether Zakat al-Fitr is oblig

بَعَثْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع بِدَرَاهِمَ لِي وَ لِغَيْرِي وَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ أُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّهَا مِنْ فِطْرَةِ الْعِيَالِ فَكَتَبَ ع بِخَطِّهِ قَبَضْتُ‌[3].

"I sent some dirhams to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as) on behalf of myself and others, and I wrote to him informing him that it was for the Zakat al-Fitr of the dependents. Imam (as) wrote back in his own handwriting: 'I have received it.'"

مَنْ أَدَّى زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرَةِ تَمَّمَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِهَا مَا نَقَصَ مِنْ زَكَاةِ مَالِهِ.

Hadith.2084 - In a narration from Al-Sakuni, with his chain of transmission, it is reported that Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever pays Zakat al-Fitr, Allah (swt) will complete with it whatever is lacking in the Zakat of his wealth."

أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِنَّ مِنْ تَمَامِ الصَّوْمِ إِعْطَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ يَعْنِي الْفِطْرَةَ[4] كَمَا أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص مِنْ تَمَامِ الصَّلَاةِ لِأَنَّهُ مَنْ صَامَ وَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ الزَّكَاةَ فَلَا صَوْمَ لَهُ إِذَا تَرَكَهَا مُتَعَمِّداً وَ لَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ إِذَا تَرَكَ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ بَدَأَ بِهَا قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ‌ قَدْ أَفْلَحَ‌ مَنْ تَزَكَّ

Hadith.2085 - It is narrated by Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz, from Abu Basir and Zurara, who both said that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Indeed, completing the fast includes giving Zakat, meaning Zakat al-Fitr, just as sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is part of completing t

أَصَّدَّقَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ أَكُنْ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ‌ أَيْ أَحُجَّ.

Hadith.2228 - He was asked about the words of Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic: "So I will give in charity and be among the righteous" (Surah Al-Munafiqun 63:10). Imam (as) said: "'I will give in charity' refers to giving charity, and 'be among the righteous' means performing Hajj."