Prayer

قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ- لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عِيدٌ غَيْرُ الْعِيدَيْنِ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا حَسَنُ وَ أَعْظَمُهُمَا وَ أَشْرَفُهُمَا قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَأَيُّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ قَالَ هُوَ يَوْمٌ نُصِبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَلَماً لِلنَّاسِ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ قَالَ إِنَّ الْأَيَّامَ تَدُورُ وَ هُوَ يَوْمُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ

I said: 'May I be your ransom, is there a festival for Muslims other than the two Eids?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes, O’ Hasan, and it is greater and more noble than them.' I said: 'What day is it?' Imam (as) said: 'It is the day on which Amir al-Mu'minin (as) was appointed as a guide for the people.' I said: 'May I be your r

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَى هِلَالِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ بِوَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْنِ وَ الْإِيمَانِ‌[4] وَ السَّلَامَةِ وَ الْإِسْلَامِ‌[5] وَ الْعَافِيَةِ الْمُجَلِّلَةِ[6] وَ الرِّزْقِ الْوَاسِعِ وَ دَفْعِ الْأَسْقَامِ وَ تِلَاوَةِ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الْعَوْنِ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصِّيَامِ اللَّهُمَّ سَلِّمْنَا لِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ سَلِّمْهُ لَنَ

"Whenever the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw the crescent of the Month of Ramadan, he would face the Qiblah and say: 'O Allah (swt), let this crescent appear over us with security, faith, peace, and submission, along with encompassing wellness, ample sustenance, protection

بَعْدَ الثَّنَاءِ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّكُمْ سَأَلْتُمُونِي عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ وَ لَمْ أَطْوِهَا عَنْكُمْ لِأَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ بِهَا عَالِماً[6] اعْلَمُوا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ مَنْ وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ هُوَ صَحِيحٌ سَوِيٌّ فَصَامَ نَهَارَهُ وَ قَامَ وِرْداً مِنْ لَيْلِهِ‌[7] وَ وَاظَبَ عَلَى صَلَاتِهِ- وَ هَجَرَ إِلَى جُمُعَتِهِ‌[1] وَ غَدَا إِلَى عِيدِهِ فَقَدْ أَ

Hadith.1834 - It is narrated by Zurara from Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)): "When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) returned from Arafat and proceeded to Mina, he entered the mosque. People gathered around him, asking him about the Night of Qadr (Laylat al-Qadr). He stood to

وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا أَهَلَّ هِلاَلَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اِسْتَقْبَلَ اَلْقِبْلَةَ وَ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَ قَالَ « اَللَّهُمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْنِ وَ اَلْإِيمَانِ وَ اَلسَّلاَمَةِ وَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ وَ اَلْعَافِيَةِ اَلْمُجَلِّلَةِ وَ اَلرِّزْقِ اَلْوَاسِعِ وَ دَفْعِ اَلْأَسْقَامِ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنَا صِيَامَهُ وَ قِيَامَهُ وَ تِلاَوَةَ اَلْقُرْآنِ فِيهِ وَ سَلِّمْ

Hadith.1846 - When the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw the crescent of the Month of Ramadan, he would face the Qiblah, raise his hands, and say: "O Allah (swt), let this crescent appear over us with security, faith, peace, submission, encompassing wellness, abundant sustena

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ‌ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَنْسَى أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ لِذَلِكَ جُمْعَةٌ أَوْ يَخْرُجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءُ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصَّوْمِ‌[1].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who becomes junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at night during the Month of Ramadan, then forgets to perform ghusl (ritual bathing) until a week passes or the Month of Ramadan ends. Imam (as) said: 'He must make up the missed prayers and the fasts.'"

وَ رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ أَنَّ مَنْ جَامَعَ فِي أَوَّلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ نَسِيَ الْغُسْلَ حَتَّى خَرَجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ وَ يَقْضِيَ صَلَاتَهُ وَ صَوْمَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدِ اغْتَسَلَ لِلْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يَقْضِي صَلَاتَهُ وَ صِيَامَهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ لَا يَقْضِي مَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ‌[2].

Hadith.1896 - It is narrated in another report: "If someone has intercourse at the beginning of the Month of Ramadan and then forgets to perform ghusl (ritual bathing) until the Month of Ramadan ends, he must perform ghusl and make up his prayers and fasts. However, if he performed ghusl for Jumu'ah (Friday prayer), th

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «وَقْتُ اَلْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ أَعَدْتَ اَلصَّلاَةَ وَ مَضَى صَوْمُكَ وَ تَكُفُّ عَنِ اَلطَّعَامِ إِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ أَصَبْتَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً».

Hadith.1902 - Hammad narrated from Hariz, from Zurara, who said that Abu Ja'far (as) said: "The time for Maghrib is when the disk of the sun disappears. If you see it again after that and you have already prayed, you must repeat the prayer, but your fast remains valid. Refrain from eating if you have consumed anything.

لَوْ قُلْتُ إِنَّ تَارِكَ التَّقِيَّةِ كَتَارِكِ الصَّلَاةِ لَكُنْتُ صَادِقاً

قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «إِذَا غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ أَفْطَرَ اَلصَّائِمُ وَ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ.

Hadith.1932 - Amru ibn Shimr narrated from Jabir, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "When the disk of the sun disappears, the fasting person may break their fast, and the time for prayer begins."

إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ يَخْشَى أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُمْ عَنْ عَشَائِهِمْ فَلْيُفْطِرْ مَعَهُمْ‌[5] وَ إِنْ‌

Hadith.1933 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about breaking the fast before or after prayer. Imam (as) said: "If he is with a group and fears delaying their dinner, let him break his fast with them. Otherwise, let him pray first, then break his fast."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ مَتَى يَحْرُمُ الطَّعَامُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ وَ تَحِلُّ الصَّلَاةُ صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ لِي إِذَا اعْتَرَضَ الْفَجْرُ فَكَانَ كَالْقُبْطِيَّةِ[1] الْبَيْضَاءِ فَثَمَّ يَحْرُمُ الطَّعَامُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ وَ تَحِلُّ الصَّلَاةُ صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَسْنَا فِي وَقْتٍ إِلَى أَنْ يَطْلُعَ شُعَاعُ الشَّمْسِ قَالَ هَيْهَاتَ أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ بِكَ تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الصِّبْيَان

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as), 'When does food become forbidden for the fasting person, and when does the time for the Fajr prayer begin?' Imam (as) said to me: 'When the dawn spreads and appears like a white cloth, at that point food becomes forbidden for the fasting person, and the time for the Fajr prayer begins.' I sa

نَزَلَتْ فِي خَوَّاتِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِ‌[4] وَ كَانَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص فِي الْخَنْدَقِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ وَ أَمْسَى عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ وَ كَانُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ إِذَا نَامَ أَحَدُهُمْ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّعَامُ- فَجَاءَ خَوَّاتٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ حِينَ أَمْسَى فَقَالَ عِنْدَكُمْ طَعَامٌ فَقَالُوا لَا تَنَمْ‌[1] حَتَّى نَصْنَعَ لَكَ طَعَاماً فَاتَّكَى فَنَامَ قَالُوا قَدْ فَعَلْتَ قَالَ

Hadith.1935 - Abu Basir narrated from one of the Imams (as) regarding the verse of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread of dawn" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187). Imam (as) said: "This verse was revealed about Khawwat ibn Jubayr al-Ansari. He was with

وَ سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌ عَنِ‌ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ مِنْ سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ‌[2].

Hadith.1936 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the verse: "The white thread becomes distinct from the black thread of dawn" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187). Imam (as) said: "It is the whiteness of the day separating from the darkness of the night."

وَ قَالَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ وَ هُوَ الْفَجْرُ الَّذِي لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ.

Hadith.1937 - In another narration, Imam (as) said: "It is the dawn about which there is no doubt."

أَحَدُهُمَا هُوَ ذَا وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ مَا أَرَى شَيْئاً قَالَ فَلْيَأْكُلِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَبَيَّنْ لَهُ الْفَجْرُ وَ لْيَشْرَبْ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ كُلُوا وَ اشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ‌ قَالَ سَمَاعَةُ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَكَلَ وَ شَرِبَ بَعْدَ مَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فِي شَه

Hadith.1938 - Sama'ah ibn Mihran asked Imam (as) about two men who rose to check for dawn. One of them said, "There it is," while the other said, "I do not see anything." Imam (as) said: "The one who does not see the dawn clearly may eat and drink because Allah (swt), the Exalted, says: 'And eat and drink until the whi

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ يَتَسَحَّرُونَ فِي بَيْتٍ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْفَجْرِ فَنَادَاهُمْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَكَفَّ بَعْضٌ وَ ظَنَّ بَعْضٌ أَنَّهُ يَسْخَرُ فَأَكَلَ فَقَالَ يُتِمُّ وَ يَقْضِي‌[3].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who, during the Month of Ramadan, went out while his companions were taking suhoor (pre-dawn meal) in a house. He saw the dawn and called out to them, saying that the dawn had risen. Some of them stopped eating, while others thought he was joking and continued to eat. Imam (as) sa

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ‌ ع آمُرُ الْجَارِيَةَ لِتَنْظُرَ إِلَى الْفَجْرِ فَتَقُولُ لَمْ يَطْلُعْ بَعْدُ فَآكُلُ ثُمَّ أَنْظُرُ فَأَجِدُهُ قَدْ كَانَ طَلَعَ حِينَ نَظَرَتْ‌[1] قَالَ اقْضِهِ أَمَا إِنَّكَ لَوْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي نَظَرْتَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'I instruct a servant girl to check for the dawn, and she tells me that it has not risen yet, so I eat. Then I check and find that it had actually risen when she looked.' Imam (as) said: 'Make up that day. However, if you had been the one to check and it happened, there would be nothing upon

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا حَدُّ الْمَرَضِ الَّذِي يُفْطِرُ فِيهِ الصَّائِمُ وَ يَدَعُ الصَّلَاةَ مِنْ قِيَامٍ فَقَالَ‌ بَلِ الْإِنْسانُ عَلى‌ نَفْسِهِ بَصِيرَةٌ وَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُطِيقُهُ.

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the extent of illness that permits a fasting person to break their fast and to pray sitting instead of standing. Imam (as) said: 'Indeed, man is a witness over himself' (Surah Al-Qiyamah 75:14), and he knows best what he can bear."

حُمِمْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَوْماً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِقَصْعَةٍ فِيهَا خَلٌّ وَ زَيْتٌ وَ قَالَ لِي أَفْطِرْ وَ صَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ قَاعِدٌ.

"I became feverish one day in Medina during the Month of Ramadan. Abu Abdullah (as) sent me a dish containing vinegar and oil and said to me: 'Break your fast and pray while sitting.'"

وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ تَعَاوَنُوا بِأَكْلِ السَّحُورِ عَلَى صِيَامِ النَّهَارِ وَ بِالنَّوْمِ عِنْدَ الْقَيْلُولَةِ عَلَى قِيَامِ اللَّيْلِ.

Hadith.1960 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Strengthen yourselves for the fasting of the day by eating suhoor, and for the night prayer by taking a nap during the midday rest (qaylulah)."

أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنَ النَّافِلَةِ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ وَ صَلَاةَ الضُّحَى بِدْعَةٌ أَلَا فَلَا تَجْتَمِعُوا لَيْلًا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِصَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ وَ لَا تُصَلُّوا صَلَاةَ الضُّحَى فَإِنَّ تِلْكَ مَعْصِيَةٌ أَلَا فَإِنَّ كُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلَالَةٌ وَ كُلَّ ضَلَالَةٍ سَبِيلُهَا إِلَى النَّارِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ ص وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ قَلِيلٌ فِي سُنَّةٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ ك

Hadith.1964 - Zurara, Muhammad ibn Muslim, and Al-Fudayl asked Abu Ja'far, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), and Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about offering night prayers in congregation during the nights of Month of Ramadan. They (as) said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) used

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا الْوَتْرُ وَ رَكْعَتَا الصُّبْحِ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُصَلِّي وَ أَنَا كَذَلِكَ أُصَلِّي وَ لَوْ كَانَ خَيْراً لَمْ يَتْرُكْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص.

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the prayer during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: 'Thirteen rak'ahs, including the witr prayer and the two rak'ahs of Fajr before dawn. This was how the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) would pray, and this is how I pray. If there were anything better th

"سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، فَقَالَ: ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً، مِنْهَا الْوِتْرُ وَرَكْعَتَانِ قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ فَضْلًا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ أَعْمَلَ بِهِ وَأَحَقَّ".

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the prayer during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: 'Thirteen rak'ahs, including the witr prayer and two rak'ahs before the Fajr prayer. If there were any additional merit, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) would have been more diligent in performing it

كَمَا يُصَلَّى فِيهِ قَالَ كَمَا يُصَلَّى فِي غَيْرِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّ لِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى سَائِرِ الشُّهُورِ مِنَ الْفَضْلِ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَزِيدَ فِي تَطَوُّعِهِ فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ وَ قَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَزِيدَ فِي أَوَّلِ الشَّهْرِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً سِوَى مَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ يُصَلِّي مِنْ هَذِهِ الْعِشْرِينَ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَيْنَ

Hadith.1967 – Imam (as) was asked about the prayer during the Month of Ramadan and said: "It is prayed as in other months. However, Month of Ramadan holds additional merit over other months, so it is appropriate for a servant to increase their voluntary prayers. If one desires and has the strength, they may add twenty

لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَاتَ صَائِماً فِي السَّفَرِ لَمَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ.

Hadith.1975 - Muhammad ibn Hakim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "If a man were to die while fasting during travel, I would not perform the funeral prayer for him."

سَمَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَوْماً صَامُوا حِينَ أَفْطَرَ وَ قَصَّرَ الْعُصَاةَ قَالَ وَ هُمُ الْعُصَاةُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ إِنَّا لَنَعْرِفُ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَ أَبْنَاءَ أَبْنَائِهِمْ إِلَى يَوْمِنَا هَذَا.

"The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) called a group of people who fasted when he broke his fast and shortened his prayer as 'disobedient.' He (sw) said: 'They are disobedient until the Day of Judgment, and we recognize their children and the children of their children up to this day of ours.

فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِالنَّهَارِ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ فَقَالَ «مَا عَرَفَ هَذَا حَقَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِنَّ لَهُ فِي اَللَّيْلِ سَبْحاً طَوِيلاً » قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَ يَشْرَبَ وَ يُقَصِّرَ قَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَخَّصَ لِلْمُسَافِرِ فِي اَلْإِفْطَارِ وَ اَلتَّقْصِيرِ رَحْمَةً وَ تَخْفِيفاً لِمَوْضِعِ اَلتَّعَبِ وَ اَلنَّصَبِ وَ وَعْثِ اَلسَّفَرِ وَ لَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَهُ فِي مُجَ

Hadith.1986 - Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Imam Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who engages with his concubine during the day in the Month of Ramadan while traveling. The Imam (as) responded: "This person has not recognized the sanctity of the Month of Ramadan, for he has a long stretch of permissible time at night." The que

كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ع‌[5] امْرَأَةٌ طَهُرَتْ‌ مِنْ حَيْضِهَا أَوْ دَمِ نِفَاسِهَا فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ اسْتَحَاضَتْ فَصَلَّتْ وَ صَامَتْ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ كُلَّهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ مَا تَعْمَلُهُ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةُ مِنَ الْغُسْلِ لِكُلِّ صَلَاتَيْنِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ صَوْمُهَا وَ صَلَاتُهَا أَمْ لَا فَكَتَبَ ع تَقْضِي صَوْمَهَا وَ لَا تَقْضِي صَلَاتَهَا لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَأْمُرُ

Hadith.1989 - Ali ibn Mahziyar narrated: "I wrote to Imam (as) about a woman who became pure from her menstruation or postpartum bleeding at the beginning of the day in the Month of Ramadan, but then experienced istihadha (irregular bleeding). She prayed and fasted the entire Month of Ramadan without performing the req

تُفْطِرُ ثُمَّ تَقْضِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ.

Hadith.1991 - It was narrated from Abdul Rahman bin Al-Hajjaj: "I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a woman who gives birth after Asr (afternoon prayer). Should she complete her fast for that day, or should she break it? Imam (as) said: 'She should break her fast and then make up for that day later.'"

الْغُسْلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عِنْدَ وُجُوبِ الشَّمْسِ قُبَيْلَهُ- ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي وَ يُفْطِرُ[2].

"Bathing (ghusl) during the Month of Ramadan should be performed near sunset, just before it, then one should pray and break the fast."

صَلِّ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ تَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ الْحَمْدَ مَرَّةً وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ.

Hadith.2019 - Sulayman Al-Ja’fari narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as) that he said: "Pray on the nights of the 21st and 23rd (of Month of Ramadan) 100 units (rak’ahs), reciting Al-Hamd (Surah Al-Fatihah) once and Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad (Surah Al-Ikhlas) ten times in each unit."

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مَا يُرْجَى‌[4] أَيُّ لَيْلَةٍ هِيَ فَقَالَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ أَوْ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ عَلَى كِلْتَيْهِمَا فَقَالَ مَا أَيْسَرَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ رُبَّمَا رَأَيْنَا الْهِلَالَ عِنْدَنَا وَ جَاءَنَا مَنْ يُخْبِرُنَا بِخِلَافِ ذَلِكَ فِي

I was with Abu Abdullah (as) when Abu Basir said to him, "May I be your ransom! Which night is the one in which one can hope for what is hoped for?" Imam (as) replied: "It is on the night of the 21st or the 23rd." Abu Basir asked: "What if I cannot perform worship on both nights?" Imam (as) said: "How easy are two nigh

تَقُولُ فِي وَدَاعِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ قُلْتَ فِي كِتَابِكَ الْمُنْزَلِ عَلَى نَبِيِّكَ الْمُرْسَلِ وَ قَوْلُكَ الْحَقُ‌[6] شَهْرُ رَمَضانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ‌ هُدىً لِلنَّاسِ وَ بَيِّناتٍ مِنَ الْهُدى‌ وَ الْفُرْقانِ‌[1] وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَدِ انْصَرَمَ‌[2] فَأَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِكَ الْكَرِيمِ وَ كَلِمَاتِكَ التَّامَّاتِ إِنْ كَانَ بَقِيَ عَلَيَّ ذَنْبٌ لَمْ تَغْفِرْهُ لِي وَ تُ

"In bidding farewell to the Month of Ramadan, say: 'O Allah (swt)! You have said in Your revealed Book sent to Your Prophet, the Messenger, and Your word is the truth: "The Month of Ramadan in which the Quran was revealed as guidance for mankind and as clear proofs of guidance and criterion." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185) A

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ أَمَا إِنَّ فِي الْفِطْرِ تَكْبِيراً وَ لَكِنَّهُ مَسْنُونٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَأَيْنَ هُوَ[2] قَالَ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْفِطْرِ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ وَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ وَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْعِيدِ وَ فِي غَيْرِ رِوَايَةِ سَعِيدٍ وَ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَ الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ تَقْطَعُ قَالَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ أَقُولُ قَالَ تَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّه

Abu Abdullah (as) said to me: "Indeed, there is Takbir (declaration of Allah’s (swt) greatness) associated with Eid al-Fitr, but it is a recommended Sunnah." Sa'id said: "I asked: Where is it to be performed?" Imam (as) replied: "On the night of Eid al-Fitr during the Maghrib (sunset prayer) and the Isha (night prayer)

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ لَا يُقَالُ فِيهِ وَ رَزَقَنَا مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ.

Hadith.2035 - It is narrated: "It is not said in it (the Takbir for Eid al-Fitr), 'and He provided us with the livestock of cattle,' as that phrase pertains to the days of Tashreeq (the days following Eid al-Adha)."

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ الْمَغْفِرَةَ تَنْزِلُ عَلَى مَنْ صَامَ- شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ يَا حَسَنُ إِنَّ الْقَارِيجَارَ[4] إِنَّمَا يُعْطَى أُجْرَتَهُ عِنْدَ فَرَاغِهِ وَ ذَلِكَ لَيْلَةُ الْعِيدِ

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "People say that forgiveness descends upon those who fast during the Month of Ramadan on the Night of Qadr." Imam (as) replied: "O Hasan, the wage-earner is only given his reward when he has completed his work, and that is on the Night of Eid." I asked: "May I be your ransom! What should we

إِذَا شَهِدَ عِنْدَ الْإِمَامِ شَاهِدَانِ أَنَّهُمَا رَأَيَا الْهِلَالَ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً أَمَرَ الْإِمَامُ بِإِفْطَارِ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ إِذَا كَانَ شَهِدَا قَبْلَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ وَ إِنْ شَهِدَا بَعْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ أَمَرَ الْإِمَامُ بِإِفْطَارِ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ أَخَّرَ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَى الْغَدِ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ‌[4].

"If two witnesses testify before the Imam that they have seen the crescent moon thirty days ago, the Imam commands the people to break their fast on that day if the testimony is given before noon. However, if they testify after noon, the Imam commands them to break their fast on that day but delays the Eid prayer until

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ عِنْدَنَا يُصَلُّونَ وَ لَا يَصُومُونَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَ رُبَّمَا احْتَجْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَحْصُدُونَ لِي فَإِذَا دَعَوْتُهُمْ لِلْحَصَادِ لَمْ يُجِيبُونِي حَتَّى أُطْعِمَهُمْ وَ هُمْ يَجِدُونَ مَنْ يُطْعِمُهُمْ فَيَذْهَبُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَدَعُونِي وَ أَنَا أَضِيقُ مِنْ إِطْعَامِهِمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَكَتَبَ ع بِخَطِّهِ أَعْرِفُهُ أَطْعِمْهُمْ‌[2]

"I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking him about a group of people among us who pray but do not fast during the Month of Ramadan. Sometimes I need their help to harvest my crops, but if I call them for the harvest, they do not respond unless I feed them. They also find others who provide them with food, so they

اطْعَمْ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ وَ لَا تَطْعَمْ‌[1] يَوْمَ الْأَضْحَى حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ الْإِمَامُ‌[2].

"Eat on the Day of Eid al-Fitr before you pray, but do not eat on the Day of Eid al-Adha until the Imam has completed the prayer and returned."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ إِذَا عَزَلْتَهَا فَلَا يَضُرُّكَ مَتَى مَا أَعْطَيْتَهَا قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ أَوْ بَعْدَهَا وَ قَالَ الْوَاجِبُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ أَبِيكَ وَ أُمِّكَ وَ وَلَدِكَ وَ امْرَأَتِكَ وَ خَادِمِكَ‌[5].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Zakat al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: 'Once you have set it aside, it does not harm you when you give it, whether before or after the prayer.' Imam (as) also said: 'It is obligatory for you to give Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of yourself, your father, your mother, your children, your wife, and you

سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ فِي أَهْلِهِ مِنْ صَدَقَةِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ «تَصَدَّقْ عَنْ جَمِيعِ مَنْ تَعُولُ مِنْ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ أَوْ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ مِنْهُمُ اَلصَّلاَةَ.

"I asked him about what is obligatory upon a man regarding Zakat al-Fitr for his household. Imam (as) said: 'Give Zakat al-Fitr for everyone you support, whether free or enslaved, young or old, as long as they have reached the time of the prayer (Eid prayer).'"

أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِنَّ مِنْ تَمَامِ الصَّوْمِ إِعْطَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ يَعْنِي الْفِطْرَةَ[4] كَمَا أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص مِنْ تَمَامِ الصَّلَاةِ لِأَنَّهُ مَنْ صَامَ وَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ الزَّكَاةَ فَلَا صَوْمَ لَهُ إِذَا تَرَكَهَا مُتَعَمِّداً وَ لَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ إِذَا تَرَكَ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ بَدَأَ بِهَا قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ‌ قَدْ أَفْلَحَ‌ مَنْ تَزَكَّ

Hadith.2085 - It is narrated by Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz, from Abu Basir and Zurara, who both said that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Indeed, completing the fast includes giving Zakat, meaning Zakat al-Fitr, just as sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is part of completing t

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي الِاعْتِكَافِ بِبَغْدَادَ فِي بَعْضِ مَسَاجِدِهَا قَالَ لَا تَعْتَكِفْ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ جَمَاعَةٍ قَدْ صَلَّى فِيهِ إِمَامٌ عَدْلٌ جَمَاعَةً وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُعْتَكَفَ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ وَ الْبَصْرَةِ- وَ مَسْجِدِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَ مَسْجِدِ مَكَّةَ[1].

"I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'What do you say about performing i'tikaf in Baghdad in some of its mosques?' Imam (as) replied: 'Do not perform i'tikaf except in a congregational mosque where a just Imam has led the congregation in prayer. There is no harm in performing i'tikaf in the mosque of Kufa, the mosque of Basra,

الْمُعْتَكِفُ بِمَكَّةَ يُصَلِّي فِي أَيِّ بُيُوتِهَا شَاءَ سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِ صَلَّى فِي الْمَسْجِدِ أَوْ فِي بُيُوتِهَا[5].

Hadith.2092 - In a narration from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported: "The one performing i'tikaf in Mecca may pray in any of its houses; it is the same whether they pray in the mosque or in its houses."

الْمُعْتَكِفُ بِمَكَّةَ يُصَلِّي فِي أَيِّ بُيُوتِهَا شَاءَ وَ الْمُعْتَكِفُ فِي غَيْرِهَا لَا يُصَلِّي إِلَّا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي سَمَّاهُ.

Hadith.2093 - In a narration from Mansur ibn Hazim, from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported: "The one performing i'tikaf in Mecca may pray in any of its houses as they wish. However, the one performing i'tikaf elsewhere must pray only in the specific mosque designated for their i'tikaf."

كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍ‌

"I was sitting with Imam Al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) when a man came to him and said, 'O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), so-and-so has a debt against me, and he intends to imprison me.' Imam Al-Hasan (as) said: 'By Allah (swt), I have no money to repay your debt.' The man then said: 'Could you speak to him on my behalf?

وَ إِنَّمَا صَارَ اَلتَّكْبِيرُ بِمِنًى فِي دُبُرِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ صَلاَةً وَ بِالْأَمْصَارِ فِي دُبُرِ عَشَرَةِ صَلَوَاتُ لِأَنَّهُ إِذَا نَفَرَ اَلنَّاسُ فِي اَلنَّفْرِ اَلْأَوَّلِ أَمْسَكَ أَهْلُ اَلْأَمْصَارِ عَنِ اَلتَّكْبِيرِ وَ كَبَّرَ أَهْلُ مِنًى مَا دَامُوا بِمِنًى إِلَى اَلنَّفْرِ اَلْأَخِيرِ.

Hadith.2133 - The Takbir in Mina after fifteen prayers and in the towns after ten prayers was instituted because when people depart during the first departure (on the 12th of Dhul-Hijjah), the people of the towns cease the Takbir, while the people of Mina continue to say Takbir as long as they remain in Mina until the

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِأَصْحَابِهِ الْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ مَعَهُمْ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَجَعَلَ يَقُومُ الرَّجُلُ بَعْدَ الرَّجُلِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا رَجُلَانِ أَنْصَارِيٌّ وَ ثَقَفِيٌّ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ لَكُمَا حَاجَةً تُرِيدَانِ أَنْ تَسْأَلَانِي عَنْهَا فَإِنْ شِئْتُمَا أَخْبَرْتُك

I heard Abu Ja’far (as) narrating to the people in Makkah. Imam (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, prayed Fajr with his companions and then sat with them, speaking to them until the sun rose. One by one, the men began to leave until only two remained: one Ansari an

وَ مَنْ أَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ سَنَةً فَالطَّوَافُ أَفْضَلُ لَهُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ مَنْ أَقَامَ سَنَتَيْنِ خَلَطَ مِنْ ذَا وَ ذَا وَ مَنْ أَقَامَ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ كَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ أَفْضَلَ لَهُ‌[4].

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ الطَّوَافَ لِغَيْرِ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصَّلَاةُ لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ أَفْضَلُ‌[5]. وَ مَنْ كَانَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ وَ حَفِظَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَحْلَهُمْ حَتَّى يَطُوفُوا أَوْ يَسْعَوْا كَانَ أَعْظَمَهُمْ أَجْراً[1].