Friendship & Companionship

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْقَوْمِ يَدْخُلُونَ السَّفِينَةَ يَشْتَرُونَ الطَّعَامَ فَيُسَاوِمُونَ مِنْهُ‌[4] ثُمَّ يَشْتَرِيهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَيَسْأَلُونَهُ فَيُعْطِيهِمْ مَا يُرِيدُونَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَيَكُونُ صَاحِبُ الطَّعَامِ هُوَ الَّذِي يَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَقْبِضُ الثَّمَنَ‌[5] قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ مَا أَرَاهُمْ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ شَارَكُوهُ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الطَّعَامِ يَدْعُو الْكَيَّالَ فَيَكِيلُهُ

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a group of people who board a ship to purchase food. They negotiate the price, and one of them buys it. Then the others request portions of the food from him, and he provides it to them while the seller handles the weighing and receives the payment. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in t

صَاحِبُ الْجَارِيَةِ لِلَّذِينَ بَاعَهُمْ اكْفُونِي غَرِيمِي هَذَا وَ الَّذِي رَبِحْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[2].

Hadith.3812 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who bought a bondwoman for a specified price, then sold her and made a profit before paying the original seller. The original seller came to demand his payment, so the man who sold the bondwoman said to those who bought her: "Take car

قَالَ ع‌[3] فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى دَابَّةً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ ثَمَنُهَا فَأَتَى رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ يَا فُلَانُ انْقُدْ عَنِّي وَ الرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ‌[4] فَنَقَدَ عَنْهُ فَنَفَقَتِ‌ الدَّابَّةُ[1] قَالَ الثَّمَنُ عَلَيْهِمَا لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ رِبْحٌ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا.

Hadith.3813 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who bought an animal but did not have its price, so he went to one of his companions and said: "O so-and-so, pay on my behalf, and the profit will be shared between me and you." The companion paid on his behalf, but the animal died. Imam (as) said: "The price is upon both of

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يُشَارِكَ الذِّمِّيَّ وَ لَا يُبْضِعَهُ بِضَاعَةً وَ لَا يُودِعَهُ وَدِيعَةً وَ لَا يُصَافِيَهُ الْمَوَدَّةَ[5].

I heard Abu Abdillah (as) say, "It is not proper for any of you to enter into a partnership with a Dhimmi, nor to entrust him with goods, nor to deposit a trust with him, nor to establish a close friendship with him."

كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى الْفَقِيهِ ع فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ رَحًى عَلَى نَهَرِ قَرْيَةٍ وَ الْقَرْيَةُ لِرَجُلٍ أَوْ لِرَجُلَيْنِ فَأَرَادَ صَاحِبُ الْقَرْيَةِ أَنْ يَسُوقَ الْمَاءَ إِلَى قَرْيَتِهِ فِي غَيْرِ هَذَا النَّهَرِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ الرَّحَى وَ يُعَطِّلَ هَذِهِ الرَّحَى أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا فَوَقَّعَ ع يَتَّقِي اللَّهَ وَ يَعْمَلُ فِي ذَلِكَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ لَا يُضَارُّ أَخَاهُ الْمُؤْمِنَ وَ فِي ر

وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ عَلَى الْحُدُودِ إِذَا جَاءَ قَوْمٌ آخَرُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِ تِلْكَ الْقَرْيَةِ فَشَهِدُوا أَنَّ حُدُودَ هَذِهِ الضَّيْعَةِ الَّتِي بَاعَهَا الرَّجُلُ هِيَ هَذِهِ فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ لِهَذَا الشَّاهِدِ الَّذِي أَشْهَدَهُ بِالضَّيْعَةِ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ الْحُدُودَ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ بِالْحُدُودِ بِقَوْلِ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ عَرَّفُوا هَذِهِ الضَّيْعَةَ وَ شَهِدُوا لَهُ أَمْ لَا يَجُوزُ لَ

Hadith.3888 - He wrote to Imam (as) asking whether it is permissible for a witness, who was called to testify about the sale of an estate without specifying its boundaries, to later testify to the boundaries based on the statements of other people from the village who identified and confirmed the boundaries of the esta

لَهُ صَاحِبُ الْأَرْضِ الَّذِي آجَرَهُ أَنَا أَدْخُلُ مَعَكَ فِيهَا بِمَا اسْتَأْجَرْتَ فَنُنْفِقُ جَمِيعاً[3] فَمَا كَانَ فِيهَا مِنْ فَضْلٍ كَانَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ.

I asked Imam (as) about a man who rented land for one thousand dirhams, then subleased part of it for two hundred dirhams. Later, the owner of the land who had leased it to him said: "I will join you in it under the same terms you rented it, and we will spend on it together, and whatever profit it yields will be shared

عَلَيْهِ الْكِرَى وَ يُقَوِّمُ صَاحِبُ الدَّارِ ذَلِكَ الْغَرْسَ وَ الزَّرْعَ فَيُعْطِيهِ الْغَارِسَ إِنْ كَانَ اسْتَأْمَرَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ اسْتَأْمَرَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ الْكِرَى وَ لَهُ الْغَرْسُ وَ الزَّرْعُ يَقْلَعُهُ وَ يَذْهَبُ بِهِ حَيْثُ شَاءَ.

Hadith.3896 - Muhammad bin Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who rented a house that included a garden. The tenant planted crops, palm trees, and other fruit-bearing trees without seeking the landlord's permission. Imam (as) said: "He is responsible for paying the rent. The landlord sho

لَا بَأْسَ إِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْغَنَمُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ صَاحِبُ الْغَنَمِ نِصْفَهَا أَوْ ثُلُثَهَا أَوْ ثُلُثَيْهَا وَ يَأْخُذَ رَأْسَ مَالِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ دَرَاهِمَ وَ يَأْخُذَ[1] دُونَ شَرْطِهِمْ وَ لَا يَأْخُذْ فَوْقَ شَرْطِهِمْ‌[2] قَالَ وَ الْأَكْسِيَةُ أَيْضاً مِثْلُ الْحِنْطَةِ وَ الشَّعِيرِ وَ الزَّعْفَرَانِ وَ الْغَنَمِ.

Hadith.3946 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who lends in advance for sheep, both two-year-olds and younger ones, until a specified time. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if the debtor cannot deliver all the sheep he owes. The creditor may take half, a third, or two-thirds of the sheep, and receive the remaining valu

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الصَّيَارِفَةِ ابْتَاعَا وَرِقاً بِدَنَانِيرَ[4] فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ انْقُدْ عَنِّي وَ هُوَ مُوسِرٌ لَوْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَنْقُدَ نَقَدَ فَيَنْقُدُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ نَصِيبَ صَاحِبِهِ بِرِبْحٍ أَ يَصْلُحُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌[5].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about two moneychangers who bought silver with dinars. One of them said to his companion, "Pay on my behalf," even though he was capable of paying if he wished. So the companion paid for him. Then later, he decided to buy his companion's share with a profit. I asked: "Is this permissible?" Ima

لَهُ رَجُلٌ إِنِّي قَدْ أَصَبْتُ مَالًا وَ إِنِّي قَدْ خِفْتُ فِيهِ عَلَى نَفْسِي فَلَوْ أَصَبْتُ صَاحِبَهُ دَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ تَخَلَّصْتُ مِنْهُ قَالَ لَهُ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَصَبْتَهُ كُنْتَ تَدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ‌ قَالَ ع فَلَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا لَهُ صَاحِبٌ غَيْرِي قَالَ وَ اسْتَحْلَفَهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ قَالَ فَحَلَفَ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَاقْسِمْهُ فِي إِخْوَانِكَ وَ لَكَ الْأَمَان

A man said to Imam (as): "I have come across some wealth, and I fear for my safety because of it. If I were to find its owner, I would return it to him and be free from it." Imam (as) said to him, "By Allah (swt), if you were to find its owner, would you truly return it to him?" The man replied: "Yes, by Allah (swt)."

صَاحِبُ الْوَدِيعَةِ وَ الْبِضَاعَةِ مُؤْتَمَنَانِ.

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي الرَّهْنِ إِذَا كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مَالِ الْمُرْتَهِنِ فَهَلَكَ أَنْ يُؤَدَّى الْفَضْلُ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الرَّهْنِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الرَّهْنُ أَقَلَّ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَهَلَكَ الرَّهْنُ أَدَّى إِلَيْهِ صَاحِبُهُ فَضْلَ مَالِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الرَّهْنُ يَسْوَى مَا رَهَنَهُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ[2].

أَحَدُهُمَا رَهَنْتَهُ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ رَهَنْتُهُ بِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُسْأَلُ صَاحِبُ الْأَلْفِ الْبَيِّنَةَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ حَلَفَ صَاحِبُ الْمِائَةِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الرَّهْنُ أَقَلَّ مِمَّا رَهَنَ بِهِ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ وَ اخْتَلَفَا فِي الرَّهْنِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا هُوَ رَهْنٌ وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ هُوَ وَدِيعَةٌ فَإِنَّهُ يُسْأَلُ صَاحِبُ الْوَدِيعَةِ الْبَيِّنَةَ فَإِنْ لَم

Hadith.4116 - Fadalah narrated from Aban, from Abu Abdillah (as): "If two parties disagree about the value of collateral (rahn), with one claiming it was pledged for one thousand dirhams and the other claiming it was pledged for one hundred dirhams, the one claiming the higher value must present evidence. If he cannot

أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرْهَنُ الْعَبْدَ أَوِ الثَّوْبَ أَوِ الْحُلِيَّ أَوْ مَتَاعَ الْبَيْتِ فَيَقُولُ صَاحِبُ الْمَتَاعِ لِلْمُرْتَهِنِ أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ مِنْ لُبْسِ هَذَا الثَّوْبِ الْبَسِ الثَّوْبَ وَ انْتَفِعْ بِالْمَتَاعِ وَ اسْتَخْدِمِ الْخَادِمَ قَالَ هُوَ لَهُ حَلَالٌ إِذَا أَحَلَّهُ لَهُ وَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ قُلْتُ فَارْتَهَنَ دَاراً لَهَا غَلَّةٌ لِمَنِ الْغَلَّةُ[1] قَالَ لِصَاحِبِ ا

"I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who pledges a slave, garment, jewelry, or household items as collateral, and the owner of the property tells the creditor, 'You are permitted to use this garment, wear it, benefit from the property, and use the servant.' The Imam (as) replied: 'It is

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ صَاحِبُ الرَّحْلِ يَشْرَبُ أَوَّلَ الْقَوْمِ وَ يَتَوَضَّأُ آخِرَهُمْ‌[3].

Hadith.4251 - The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "The owner of the provision will drink first among the people and performs ablution last among them."

إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلَ الرَّحْمَنِ ع شَكَا إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خُلُقَ سَارَةَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ مَثَلَ الْمَرْأَةِ مَثَلُ الضِّلْعِ إِنْ أَقَمْتَهُ انْكَسَرَ وَ إِنْ تَرَكْتَهُ‌ اسْتَمْتَعْتَ بِهِ‌[1] قُلْتُ مَنْ قَالَ هَذَا فَغَضِبَ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا وَ اللَّهِ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.

Hadith.4527 - Ibrahim (as), the Friend of the Most Merciful (swt), complained to Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, about the behavior of Sarah {s.a}. So Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, revealed to him: "The example of a woman is like the example of a rib, if you try to straighten it, it will break, and if you

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الدَّارِ ع وُلِدَ لِي مَوْلُودٌ وَ حَلَقْتُ رَأْسَهُ وَ وَزَنْتُ شَعْرَهُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَ تَصَدَّقْتُ بِهِ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ وَزْنُهُ إِلَّا بِالذَّهَبِ أَوِ الْفِضَّةِ وَ كَذَا جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ[1].

I wrote to the 'Sahib al-Dar' (Master of the House Imam Muhammad ibn Hassan Al-Mahdi (as)) saying: "A child was born to me, and I shaved his head, weighed his hair in dirhams, and gave its equivalent in charity." Imam (as) replied: "It is not permissible to weigh it except with gold or silver, and this is the establish

إِذَا بِيعَتِ الْأَمَةُ وَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ فَالَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهَا مَعَهُ فَإِنْ هُوَ تَرَكَهَا مَعَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَعْدَ مَا رَضِيَ‌[1] قَالَ وَ إِنْ بِيعَ الْعَبْدُ فَإِنْ شَاءَ مَوْلَاهُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ أَنْ يَصْنَعَ مِثْلَ الَّذِي صَنَعَ صَاحِبُ الْجَارِيَةِ فَذَلِكَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ هُوَ سَلَّمَ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَرِّق

"If a bondwoman is sold while she has a husband, the buyer has the choice-if he wishes, he may separate them, and if he wishes, he may leave her with her husband. However, if he chooses to leave her with him, he can no longer separate them after agreeing to that." Imam (as) further said: "If a male slave is sold, then

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لِابْنِهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ يَا بُنَيَّ إِذَا قَوِيتَ فَاقْوَ عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذَا ضَعُفْتَ فَاضْعُفْ عَنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ لَا تُمَلِّكَ الْمَرْأَةَ مِنْ أَمْرِهَا مَا جَاوَزَ نَفْسَهَا فَافْعَلْ فَإِنَّهُ أَدْوَمُ لِجَمَالِهَا وَ أَرْخَى لِبَالِهَا وَ أَحْسَنُ لِحَالِهَا فَإِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ رَيْحَانَةٌ وَ

Hadith.4911 - Commander of the Faithful (as) said in his will to his son Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah: "O my son, when you are strong, be strong in obedience to Allah (swt), and when you are weak, be weak in disobedience to Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic. And if you can avoid giving a woman authority over anything

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَقُولُ فِي دُعَائِهِ‌- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَلَدٍ يَكُونُ عَلَيَّ رَبّاً[2] وَ مِنْ مَالٍ يَكُونُ عَلَيَّ ضَيَاعاً[3] وَ مِنْ زَوْجَةٍ تُشَيِّبُنِي قَبْلَ أَوَانِ مَشِيبِي وَ مِنْ خَلِيلٍ مَاكِرٍ عَيْنَاهُ تَرَانِي وَ قَلْبُهُ يَرْعَانِي‌[4] إِنْ رَأَى خَيْراً دَفَنَهُ وَ إِنْ رَأَى شَرّاً أَذَاعَهُ وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَجَعِ الْبَطْنِ‌ صُمٌّ إِذَا سَمِعُوا خَيْراً ذُكِرْتُ بِهِ‌

Hadith.4917 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) used to say in his supplication: "O Allah (swt), I seek refuge in You (swt) from a child who becomes a master over me, from wealth that becomes a burden upon me, from a wife who causes me to grow old before my time, and from a deceitful friend whose eyes watc

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ مَنْ مَشَى إِلَى صَاحِبِ بِدْعَةٍ فَوَقَّرَهُ فَقَدْ سَعَى فِي هَدْمِ الْإِسْلَامِ‌[4].

Hadith.4957 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever walks towards a person of innovation and shows him respect has indeed contributed to the destruction of Islam."

إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الشَّكِّ وَ الْمَعْصِيَةِ فِي النَّارِ لَيْسَا مِنَّا وَ لَا إِلَيْنَا[3].

Hadith.4959 - Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Azdi narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Indeed, the one who harbors doubt and persists in disobedience is in the Fire; they are neither from us nor connected to us."

الْآخَرُ لَهُ- بَلْ أَنْتَ ابْنُ الْمَجْنُونِ فَأَمَرَ الْأَوَّلَ أَنْ يَجْلِدَ صَاحِبَهُ عِشْرِينَ جَلْدَةً وَ قَالَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ سَتُعَقَّبُ مِثْلَهَا عِشْرِينَ فَلَمَّا جَلَدَهُ أَعْطَى الْمَجْلُودَ السَّوْطَ فَجَلَدَهُ عِشْرِينَ نَكَالًا يُنَكِّلُهُمَا[1].

Hadith.5069 - Ja'far ibn Bashir narrated from Al-Husayn ibn Abi Al-'Ala from Abu Makhlad Al-Sarraj from Abu Abdullah (as): Imam (as) ruled concerning a man who called another "the son of a madman," and the other replied to him, "Rather, you are the son of a madman." Imam (as) commanded the first man to flog his compani

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ سَأَلَنِي عِيسَى بْنُ مُوسَى وَ ابْنُ شُبْرُمَةَ مَعَهُ عَنِ الْقَتِيلِ يُوجَدُ فِي أَرْضِ الْقَوْمِ وَحْدَهُمْ فَقُلْتُ وَجَدَ الْأَنْصَارُ رَجُلًا فِي سَاقِيَةٍ مِنْ سَوَاقِي خَيْبَرَ[2] فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ الْيَهُودُ قَتَلُوا صَاحِبَنَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَكُمْ بَيِّنَةٌ فَقَالُوا لَا فَقَالَ أَ فَتُقْسِمُونَ قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ كَيْفَ نُقْسِمُ عَلَى مَا لَمْ نَرَهُ

Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Isa ibn Musa and Ibn Shubrumah asked me about a murdered person found alone in the land of a people. I (Abu Abdullah (as)) said to them: The Ansar once found a man in one of the irrigation channels of Khaybar. The Ansar said: 'The Jews have killed our companion.' The Messenger of Allah (swt) as

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْقَسَامَةِ أَيْنَ كَانَ بَدْؤُهَا فَقَالَ كَانَ مِنْ قِبَلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ خَيْبَرَ تَخَلَّفَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَرَجَعُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ فَوَجَدُوهُ مُتَشَحِّطاً فِي دَمِهِ قَتِيلًا فَجَاءَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَتَلَتِ الْيَهُودُ صَاحِبَنَا فَقَالَ لِيُقْسِمْ مِنْكُمْ خَمْسُونَ

Hadith.5179 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah from Abu Basir: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Qasamah (the collective oath) - where did it originate? Imam (as) said: "It began with the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family). After the conquest of Khaybar, a man from the Ansar

كَانَ صِبْيَانٌ فِي زَمَنِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَلْعَبُونَ بِأَخْطَارٍ لَهُمْ‌[5] فَرَمَى أَحَدُهُمْ‌ بِخَطَرِهِ فَدَقَّ رَبَاعِيَةَ صَاحِبِهِ فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَأَقَامَ الرَّامِي الْبَيِّنَةَ بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ قَالَ حَذَارِ فَدَرَأَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَنْهُ الْقِصَاصَ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ حَذَّرَ.

"During the time of the Commander of the Faithful (as), some children were playing with their arrows. One of them shot his arrow and broke his companion's front tooth. The matter was brought to the Commander of the Faithful (as). The shooter presented evidence that he had warned by saying, 'Be careful!' So, the Command

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ وُجِدَ مَقْتُولًا فَجَاءَ رَجُلَانِ إِلَى وَلِيِّهِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَنَا قَتَلْتُهُ عَمْداً وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ أَنَا قَتَلْتُهُ خَطَأً[5] فَقَالَ إِنْ هُوَ أَخَذَ بِقَوْلِ صَاحِبِ الْعَمْدِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْخَطَإِ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ إِنْ هُوَ أَخَذَ بِقَوْلِ صَاحِبِ الْخَطَإِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْعَمْدِ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was found murdered. Two men came to guardian of the victim; one of them said: "I killed him intentionally," and other said: "I killed him by mistake." Imam (as) said: "If the guardian accepts the statement of the one who confessed to intentional killing, then he has no claim ag

وَ رُفِعَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[2] ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَمْسَكَ رَجُلًا وَ أَقْبَلَ الْآخَرُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ الْآخَرُ يَرَاهُمْ فَقَضَى ع فِي صَاحِبِ الرُّؤْيَةِ أَنْ تُسْمَلَ عَيْنَاهُ‌[3] وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي أَمْسَكَ أَنْ يُسْجَنَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ كَمَا أَمْسَكَهُ وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ.

Hadith.5237 - It was reported to the Commander of the Faithful (as) about three men: one of them restrained a man, another approached and killed him, and the third stood by watching them. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled that the one who merely watched should have his eyes gouged out. Imam (as) ruled that the one who

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع‌ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع ضَمَّنَ صَاحِبَ الدَّابَّةِ مَا وَطِئَتْ بِيَدَيْهَا وَ مَا نَفَحَتْ بِرِجْلَيْهَا فَلَا ضَمَانَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَضْرِبَهَا إِنْسَانٌ‌[3].

Hadith.5353 - In the narration of Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "Indeed, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) held the owner of the animal liable for what it trampled with its front legs and what it struck with its hind legs. However, there i

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي هَدْمِ حَائِطٍ اشْتَرَكَ فِيهِ ثَلَاثَةٌ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَمَاتَ فَضَمَّنَ الْبَاقِينَ دِيَتَهُ- لِأَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ ضَامِنُ صَاحِبِهِ‌[2].

"The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding the demolition of a wall in which three people participated. When it collapsed on one of them and caused his death, he held the remaining two responsible for his blood money because each one of them is accountable for his companion."

رَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عُلْوَانَ‌[5] عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع‌ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُضَمِّنُ صَاحِبَ الْكَلْبِ إِذَا عَقَرَ نَهَاراً وَ لَا يُضَمِّنُهُ‌ إِذَا عَقَرَ بِاللَّيْلِ. وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ دَارَ قَوْمٍ بِإِذْنِهِمْ فَعَقَرَكَ كَلْبُهُمْ فَهُمْ ضَامِنُونَ وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِمْ فَلَا ضَمَانَ عَلَيْهِمْ‌[1].

Hadith.5366 - Al-Husayn ibn Alwan narrated from Amr ibn Khalid, from Zayd ibn Ali, from his forefathers (peace be upon them), from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): "Imam (as) used to hold the owner of a dog liable if it bit during the day, but he would not hold him liable if it bit during the night. And if you enter the ho

صَاحِبُ الْبُخْتِيِّ ضَامِنٌ لِلدِّيَةِ[1] وَ يَقْبِضُ ثَمَنَ بُخْتِيِّهِ.

لَمَّا حَضَرَتِ النَّبِيَّ ص الْوَفَاةُ نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلْ لَكَ فِي الرُّجُوعِ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَ لَا قَدْ بَلَّغْتُ رِسَالاتِ رَبِّي فَأَعَادَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَا بَلِ الرَّفِيقَ الْأَعْلَى‌[2] ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ حَوْلَهُ مُجْتَمِعُونَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي وَ لَا سُنَّةَ بَعْدَ سُنَّتِي- فَمَنِ ادَّعَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَدَعْو

"When the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was nearing his death, Jibril (as) descended and said: 'O' Messenger of Allah (swt), would you like to return to the world?' Prophet (sw) replied: 'No, I have conveyed the messages of my Lord (azj).' Jibril (as) repeated the offer. Prophet (sw) responded: 'No, rather

قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَلَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ الْبِنَاءِ[2] عَمَدَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ صَدِيقٍ لَهَا فَأَدْخَلَتْهُ الْحَجَلَةَ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ يُبَاضِعُ أَهْلَهُ ثَارَ الصَّدِيقُ فَاقْتَتَلَا فِي الْبَيْتِ فَقَتَلَ الزَّوْجُ الصَّدِيقَ وَ قَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَضَرَبَتِ الرَّجُلَ ضَرْبَةً فَقَتَلَتْهُ بِالصَّدِيقِ قَالَ تَضْمَنُ الْمَرْأَةُ دِيَةَ الصَّدِيقِ وَ تُقْتَلُ بِالزَّوْجِ.

I asked Imam (as) about a man who married a woman, and on the night of consummation, the woman brought in a male friend of hers and let him enter the bridal chamber. When the husband approached to be intimate with his wife, the friend suddenly attacked him, and they fought in the house until the husband killed the frie

مَا صَنَعْتُمْ بِصَاحِبِكُمْ قَالُوا دَفَنَّاهُ قَالَ لَوْ عَلِمْتُ مَا دَفَنَّاهُ مَعَ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ تَرَكَ وُلْدَهُ يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ‌[4].

"A man from the Ansar passed away, leaving behind young children. He had six slaves and no wealth other than them. At the time of his death, he freed all of them. When the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was informed of this, He (sw) said: 'What did you do with your companion?' They replied: 'We buried him.'

صَاحِبُ الْمَالِ أَحَقُّ بِمَالِهِ- مَا دَامَ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الرُّوحِ يَضَعُهُ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ[3].

أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ خُذْ نِصْفَ مَا تَرَكَ وَ أَعْطِنِي النِّصْفَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ الْآخَرُ فَسَأَلُوا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ ذَاكَ لَهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5472 - In the book of Muhammad ibn Yaʿqub Al-Kulayni (may Allah (swt) have mercy on him), narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn Al-Hasan Al-Mithami, from his two brothers Muhammad and Ahmad, from their father, from Dawud ibn Abi Yazid, from Burayd ibn Muawiyah, it is reported: A man passed away and appo

إِذَا كَانَ الْمَتَاعُ قَائِماً بِعَيْنِهِ رُدَّ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الْمَتَاعِ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْغُرَمَاءِ أَنْ يُخَاصِمُوهُ‌[2].

Hadith.5531 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Jamil ibn Darraj from one of our companions from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who sold merchandise to another man. The buyer took possession of the merchandise but did not pay the price, and then the buyer died while the merchandise was still in its original form

أَرَى أَنْ تُقَوَّمَ الدَّارُ بِقِيمَةٍ عَادِلَةٍ وَ يُنْظَرَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ الْمَيِّتِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي ثُلُثِهِ مَا يُحِيطُ بِثَمَنِ الدَّارِ فَلَيْسَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الثُّلُثُ لَا يُحِيطُ بِثَمَنِ الدَّارِ فَلَهُمْ أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ قِيلَ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي جُعِلَ لَهُ السُّكْنَى بَعْدَ مَوْتِ صَاحِبِ الدَّارِ يَكُونُ السُّكْنَى لِعَقِبِ الَّذِي جُعِلَ لَهُ السُّ

I asked Imam (as) about a man who granted another man the right to reside in his house for the duration of his own life (meaning the life of the house owner). Then, the one who granted the residence passed away while the one granted the residence remained alive. I asked: "If the heirs wish to remove him from the house,

يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهُ قُلْتُ فَلَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ قَالَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْكَنَ رَجُلًا وَ لَمْ يُوَقِّتْ لَهُ شَيْئاً قَالَ يُخْرِجُهُ صَاحِبُ الدَّارِ إِذَا شَاءَ[1].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who allowed another man to reside in his house for the duration of his life. Imam (as) replied: "It is permissible for him, and he does not have the right to evict him." I asked: "Does this also apply to his descendants?" Imam (as) replied: "It is permissible for him." I then asked Imam (a

النَّاسُ فِيهِ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِنْ كَانَ شَرَطَ حَيَاتَهُ فَهُوَ حَيَاتَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِعَقِبِهِ فَهُوَ لِعَقِبِهِ كَمَا شَرَطَ حَتَّى يَفْنَوْا ثُمَّ تُرَدُّ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الدَّارِ[2].

I asked Imam (as) about Al-sukna (residential right) and Al-umra (life estate). Imam (as) replied: "People are bound by their conditions. If he stipulated it for his lifetime, then it is for his lifetime. If he stipulated it for his descendants, then it is for his descendants as stipulated until they perish, after whic

قَالَ الْفَضْلُ وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْعَدَنِيُ‌[4] صَاحِبُ سُفْيَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْكُوفِيُّ صَاحِبُ أَبِي يُوسُفَ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ‌[5] عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ‌[6] عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ‌

Layth ibn Abi Sulaym narrated from Abu Amr Al-Abdi, from Ibn Sulayman, from Imam Ali ibn Abi Ṭalib (as), who used to say: "The shares of inheritance are from six portions: two-thirds is four portions, half is three portions, one-third is two portions, one-fourth is one and a half portions, and one-eighth is three-fourt

صَاحِبُ الْمَجْلِسِ أَحَقُّ بِصَدْرِ مَجْلِسِهِ‌[5].

Hadith.5822 - The Prophet (sw) said; "The host of a gathering has the most right to the forefront of his gathering."

حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ قِرَاءَةً قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بَكْرٍ الْمُرَادِيُّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ‌ بَيْنَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ جَالِسٌ مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ يُعَبِّيهِمْ لِلْحَ

Al-Hasan ibn Al-Qasim recited to me, saying: Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Al-Mualla narrated to us, who said: Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Khalid narrated to us, who said: Abdullah ibn Bakr Al-Muradi narrated from Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as), from his father Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq, from his grandfather Imam Muhamm

وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لِابْنِهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ‌ يَا بُنَيَّ إِيَّاكَ وَ الِاتِّكَالَ عَلَى الْأَمَانِيِّ فَإِنَّهَا بَضَائِعُ النَّوْكَى‌[3] وَ تَثْبِيطٌ عَنِ‌ الْآخِرَةِ وَ مِنْ خَيْرِ حَظِّ الْمَرْءِ قَرِينٌ صَالِحٌ جَالِسْ أَهْلَ الْخَيْرِ تَكُنْ مِنْهُمْ بَايِنْ أَهْلَ الشَّرِّ وَ مَنْ يَصُدُّكَ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذِكْرِ الْمَوْتِ

Hadith.5834 - The Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said in his will to his son Muhammad ibn Al-Hanafiyyah, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him: "O' my son, beware of relying on vain hopes, for they are the merchandise of the foolish and a hindrance from the Hereafter. One of the best fortunes a person can

أَعْبَدُ النَّاسِ مَنْ أَقَامَ الْفَرَائِضَ‌[8] وَ أَسْخَى النَّاسِ مَنْ أَدَّى‌ زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ وَ أَزْهَدُ النَّاسِ مَنِ اجْتَنَبَ الْحَرَامَ وَ أَتْقَى النَّاسِ مَنْ قَالَ الْحَقَّ فِيمَا لَهُ وَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَعْدَلُ النَّاسِ مَنْ رَضِيَ لِلنَّاسِ مَا يَرْضَى لِنَفْسِهِ وَ كَرِهَ لَهُمْ مَا يَكْرَهُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَ أَكْيَسُ النَّاسِ مَنْ كَانَ أَشَدَّ ذِكْراً لِلْمَوْتِ وَ أَغْبَطُ النَّاسِ مَنْ كَانَ تَحْتَ التُّرَ

Hadith.5840 - Yunus ibn Zabyan narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), that he said: "Being well-known for worship is a source of suspicion. My father Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), narrated to me from his father Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as), from his grandfather Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (

قَالَ الصَّادِقُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع‌ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَاعِظٌ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ وَ زَاجِرٌ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَرِينٌ مُرْشِدٌ اسْتَمْكَنَ عَدُوُّهُ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ‌[4].

Hadith.5866 - Muhammad ibn Sinan narrated from Al-Mufaddal ibn Umar, who said that Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), peace be upon him, said: "Whoever does not have an inner advisor from his heart, a restrainer from his own soul, and a guiding companion, his enemy will easily gain control over him."

قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌ يَا إِسْحَاقُ صَانِعِ الْمُنَافِقَ بِلِسَانِكَ وَ أَخْلِصْ وُدَّكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ إِنْ جَالَسَكَ يَهُودِيٌّ فَأَحْسِنْ مُجَالَسَتَهُ.

Hadith.5872 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said that Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), peace be upon him, said: "O' Ishaq, be courteous to the hypocrite with your speech, but keep your sincere affection for the believer. And if a Jew sits with you, then treat him with good companio

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقَ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ بِالْوالِدَيْنِ إِحْساناً مَا هَذَا الْإِحْسَانُ فَقَالَ الْإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تُحْسِنَ صُحْبَتَهُمَا وَ أَنْ لَا تُكَلِّفَهُمَا أَنْ يَسْأَلَاكَ شَيْئاً مِمَّا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَا مُسْتَغْنِيَيْنِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- لَنْ تَنالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ‌[1]- ثُمَّ قَال

Hadith.5883 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Walad Al-Hannat that he asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And be good to parents." He asked: "What is this goodness (ihsan)?" Imam (as) replied: "Goodness is to treat them well in companionship and