Death & Bereavement

إِذَا فَدَحَكَ أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ‌[6] فَتَصَدَّقْ فِي نَهَارِكَ عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً عَلَى كُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ نِصْفَ صَاعٍ بِصَاعِ النَّبِيِّ ص‌[7] مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ بُرٍّ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ بِاللَّيْلِ اغْتَسَلْتَ فِي ثُلُثِ‌ اللَّيْلِ الْأَخِيرِ ثُمَّ لَبِسْتَ أَدْنَى مَا يَلْبَسُ مَنْ تَعُولُ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ‌[1] إِلَّا أَنَّ عَلَيْكَ فِي تِلْكَ الثِّيَابِ إِزَاراً ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ تَقْرَأُ فِيهِمَا

"If you are afflicted with a grave matter, give charity during the day to sixty needy people, with each receiving half a sa' of the Prophet’s (sw) measure from dates, wheat, or barley. At night, during the last third of the night, perform a ritual bath (ghusl), then wear the simplest clothing that one in your care wear

كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ- خُصُومَةٌ ذَاتُ خَطَرٍ عَظِيمٍ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ قُلْتُ عَلِّمْنِي شَيْئاً لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيَّ مَظْلِمَتِي‌[2] فَقَالَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ الْعَدُوَّ فَصَلِّ بَيْنَ الْقَبْرِ وَ الْمِنْبَرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَفِي بَيْتِكَ وَ اسْأَلِ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُعِينَكَ وَ خُذْ شَيْئاً

I had a significant dispute with a man from Medina. I went to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) and mentioned the matter to him and asked: "Teach me something that might make Allah (swt) return my right to me." Imam (as) said: "If you want to deal with your enemy, then pray two or four rak'ahs between the grave and

مَنْ مَنَعَ قِيرَاطاً مِنَ‌

"Whoever withholds even a carat of Zakat is neither a believer nor a Muslim. This is the meaning of Allah’s (swt) statement: 'Until, when death comes to one of them, he says, "My Lord (azj), send me back, that I might do righteousness in that which I left behind"' (Surah Al-Mu’minun 23:99-100)." In another narration, i

مَنْ مَنَعَ قِيرَاطاً مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَلَيْسَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ وَ لَا مُسْلِمٍ وَ سَأَلَ الرَّجْعَةَ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- حَتَّى إِذا جاءَ أَحَدَهُمُ الْمَوْتُ قالَ رَبِّ ارْجِعُونِ. لَعَلِّي أَعْمَلُ صالِحاً فِيما تَرَكْتُ‌

"Whoever withholds even a carat of Zakat is neither a believer nor a Muslim. At the time of death, he will request to be sent back (to the world). This is the meaning of Allah’s (swt) statement: 'Until, when death comes to one of them, he says, "My Lord (azj), send me back, that I might do righteousness in that which I

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ الْقَرْضَ حِمًى لِلزَّكَاةِ[1] وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَالٌ وَ لَمْ يَتَهَيَّأْ لَكَ‌[1] قَضَاؤُهُ فَاحْسُبْهُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ إِنْ شِئْتَ‌[2] وَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ الرَّجُلُ مَمْلُوكاً مُؤْمِناً مِنْ زَكَاةِ مَالِهِ فَيُعْتِقَهُ فَإِنِ اسْتَفَادَ الْمَعْتُوقُ مَالًا وَ مَاتَ فَمَالُهُ لِأَهْلِ الزَّكَاةِ لِأَنَّهُ اشْتُرِيَ بِمَالِهِمْ‌[3] وَ إِنِ اشْتَرَى رَجُلٌ أَبَاهُ مِنْ زَكَاة

Hadith.1602 - It is narrated: "A loan is a safeguard for Zakat. If you are owed money by someone and they are unable to repay it, you may count it as part of your Zakat if you wish. There is no issue if a person buys a believing slave with Zakat money and emancipates him. If the emancipated person gains wealth and dies

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ زَكَاةٌ وَ أَوْصَى أَنْ تُقْضَى عَنْهُ الزَّكَاةُ وَ وُلْدُهُ مَحَاوِيجُ إِنْ دَفَعُوهَا أَضَرَّ بِهِمْ ذَلِكَ ضَرَراً شَدِيداً فَقَالَ يُخْرِجُونَهَا فَيَعُودُونَ بِهَا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ يُخْرِجُونَ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِمْ‌[1].

I said to Abu al-Hasan al-Awwal (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) "A man died, and he had Zakat due on him. He instructed in his will that the Zakat be paid on his behalf, but his children are needy. Paying the Zakat would cause them severe hardship. What should they do?" The Imam (as) replied: "They should pay the

وَيْحَهُ أَ مَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّ دِرْهَمٍ عَشَرَةً إِذَا حَلَّلَهُ- وَ إِذَا لَمْ يُحَلِّلْهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ دِرْهَمٌ بَدَلَ دِرْهَمٍ‌[1].

Hadith.1704 - It was said to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "Abdul Rahman bin Sayaba has a debt owed to him by a man who has passed away, and we spoke to him to forgive it, but he refused." Imam (as) said: "Woe to him! Does he not know that for every dirham he forgives, he will receive ten in return? But if he

وَ قَالَ ع‌ الصَّدَقَةُ بِالْيَدِ تَقِي مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ وَ تَدْفَعُ سَبْعِينَ نَوْعاً مِنْ أَنْوَاعِ الْبَلَاءِ وَ تَفُكُّ عَنْ لَحْيَيْ سَبْعِينَ شَيْطَاناً كُلُّهُمْ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ.

Hadith.1731 - "Charity given by hand protects against an evil death, wards off seventy kinds of calamities, and loosens the grip of seventy devils, all of whom urge the person not to give."

يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُوَسِّعَ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ لِئَلَّا يَتَمَنَّوْا مَوْتَهُ[5]

جَاءَ نَفَرٌ مِنَ‌ الْيَهُودِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَسَأَلَهُ أَعْلَمُهُمْ عَنْ مَسَائِلَ فَكَانَ فِيمَا سَأَلَهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ لِأَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الصَّوْمَ عَلَى أُمَّتِكَ بِالنَّهَارِ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً وَ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْأُمَمِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ آدَمَ ع لَمَّا أَكَلَ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ بَقِيَ فِي بَطْنِهِ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً فَفَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَل

Hadith.1769 - It is narrated from Imam al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that he said: "A group of Jews came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and the most learned among them asked him about certain matters. Among the questions he asked was: 'Why did Allah (swt), the Al

لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَاتَ صَائِماً فِي السَّفَرِ لَمَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ.

Hadith.1975 - Muhammad ibn Hakim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "If a man were to die while fasting during travel, I would not perform the funeral prayer for him."

إِذَا صَامَ الرَّجُلُ شَيْئاً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ مَرِيضاً حَتَّى مَاتَ فَلَيْسَ‌

"If a man fasted part of the Month of Ramadan but then remained ill until he died, there is no obligation to make up the missed fasts. However, if he recovered and then fell ill again before passing away, and he had wealth, charity should be given on his behalf for each day missed in the amount of a mudd. If he did not

إِذَا مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ وَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلْيَقْضِ عَنْهُ مَنْ شَاءَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ.

Hadith.2009 - It has been narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "If a man dies and has unfulfilled fasting from the Month of Ramadan, anyone from his family who wishes may make up the fasts on his behalf."

وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَشَرَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَهُ وَلِيَّانِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُمَا

Hadith.2010 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, wrote to Imam Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (as): Regarding a man who passed away and had ten days of fasting left from the Month of Ramadan, and he had two heirs. Is it permissible for both heirs to divide the days, with each fasting f

هِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ وَ هِيَ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ وَ لَمْ يُنْزَلِ الْقُرْآنُ إِلَّا فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فِيها يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ‌ قَالَ يُقَدَّرُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ يَكُونُ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا مِنْ قَابِلٍ مِنْ خَيْرٍ أَوْ شَرٍّ أَوْ طَاعَةٍ أَوْ مَعْصِيَةٍ أَوْ مَوْلُودٍ أَوْ أَجَلٍ أَوْ رِز

Hadith.2024 - Humran asked Abu Ja'far (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "Indeed, We sent it down on a blessed night" (Surah Ad-Dukhan 44:3). Imam (as) replied: "It is Laylatul Qadr, and it occurs every year in the Month of Ramadan, during its last ten nights. The Quran was revealed only o

تَقُولُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ- أَعُوذُ بِجَلَالِ وَجْهِكَ الْكَرِيمِ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ عَنِّي شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ مِنْ لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ وَ لَكَ قِبَلِي تَبِعَةٌ أَوْ ذَنْبٌ تُعَذِّبُنِي عَلَيْهِ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا رَحِيمُ الدُّعَاءُ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الْأُولَى وَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ‌[2]- يَا مُولِجَ اللَّيْلِ فِي النَّهَارِ

Hadith.2032 - In the rare narrations of Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr, it is reported that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "In the last ten nights of the Month of Ramadan, recite every night: 'I seek refuge in the majesty of Your noble face from the Month of Ramadan ending for me or the dawn rising on this night o

وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيُّ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع‌ إِنِّي أَفْطَرْتُ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى طِينِ الْقَبْرِ وَ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَمَعْتَ بَيْنَ بَرَكَةٍ وَ سُنَّةٍ[4].

Hadith.2056 - Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Nawfali said to Imam Abu Al-Hasan (as): "I broke my fast on the Day of Eid al-Fitr with the clay of the grave (Turbah) and dates." Imam (as) replied: "You have combined blessing and tradition (sunnah)."

نَعَمْ‌[1].

Hadith.2073 - Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim ibn Al-Fudhayl wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking: "A slave’s master dies while the slave is away in another town, and the slave has money belonging to his deceased master. When Eid al-Fitr arrives, should the slave pay Zakat al-Fitr for himself from the money of his master,

اذْهَبْ فَأَعْطِ عَنْ عِيَالِنَا الْفِطْرَةَ وَ عَنِ الرَّقِيقِ وَ اجْمَعْهُمْ وَ لَا تَدَعْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَرَكْتَ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَاناً تَخَوَّفْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْفَوْتَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الْفَوْتُ قَالَ الْمَوْتُ‌[3].

Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Go and give Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of our household and for the servants. Include all of them and do not leave anyone out. If you leave out even one person, I fear for them the 'fawt' (loss)." I asked: "What is 'fawt'?" Imam (as) replied: "Death."

لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةٍ لَا بُدَّ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ لَا يَجْلِسُ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ وَ لَا يَخْرُجُ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ إِلَّا لِجَنَازَةٍ أَوْ يَعُودُ مَرِيضاً[3] وَ لَا يَجْلِسُ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ قَالَ وَ اعْتِكَافُ الْمَرْأَةِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ.

"It is not appropriate for the one performing i'tikaf to leave the mosque except for an unavoidable necessity, and they should not sit until they return. They should only leave for attending a funeral or visiting a sick person, and even then, they should not sit until they return to the mosque. The i'tikaf of a woman i

لَهُ مُرِ النَّاسَ أَنْ لَا يَبْقَى أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَخَذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً إِلَّا رَدَّهُ فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَتْ حِيطَانُهُ أَمَرَ بِالتُّرَابِ فَأُلْقِيَ فِي جَوْفِهِ فَلِذَلِكَ صَارَ الْبَيْتُ مُرْتَفِعاً يُصْعَدُ إِلَيْهِ بِالدَّرَجِ وَ صَارَ النَّاسُ يَطُوفُونَ حَوْلَ الْحِجْرِ وَ لَا يَطُوفُونَ فِيهِ لِأَنَّ أُمَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ دُفِنَتْ فِي الْحِجْرِ فَفِيهِ قَبْرُهَا فَطِيفَ كَذَلِكَ كَيْلَا يُوطَأَ قَبْرُهَا.

Hadith.2116 - The station of Ibrahim (Maqam Ibrahim) is situated to the left because Ibrahim (as) has a position on the Day of Judgment, as does Muhammad (sw) (peace be upon him and his family). The position of Muhammad (sw) is to the right of the Divine Throne, while the position of Ibrahim (as) is to its left. This e

إِذَا كَانَ عَشِيَّةُ عَرَفَةَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلَكَيْنِ يَتَصَفَّحَانِ وُجُوهَ النَّاسِ فَإِذَا فَقَدَا رَجُلًا قَدْ عَوَّدَ نَفْسَهُ الْحَجَّ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ يَا فُلَانُ مَا فَعَلَ فُلَانٌ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ حَبَسَهُ عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقْرٌ فَأَغْنِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حَبَسَهُ دَيْنٌ فَاقْضِ عَنْهُ دَيْنَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حَبَسَهُ

وَ مَنْ حَجَّ أَرْبَعَ حِجَجٍ لَمْ تُصِبْهُ ضَغْطَةُ الْقَبْرِ أَبَداً وَ إِذَا مَاتَ صَوَّرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْحِجَجَ الَّتِي حَجَّ فِي صُورَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ أَحْسَنَ مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الصُّوَرِ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ تُصَلِّي فِي جَوْفِ قَبْرِهِ حَتَّى يَبْعَثَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ وَ يَكُونُ ثَوَابُ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةِ لَهُ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ الرَّكْعَةَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةِ تَعْدِلُ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ م

Hadith.2209 - Whoever performs four Hajj will never experience the compression of the grave. When they die, Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, will transform the Hajj they performed into a beautiful form, the most excellent of forms, placed before their eyes. It will pray in their grave until Allah (swt) resurrects them

وَ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ وَ هُوَ لَا يَنْوِي الْعَوْدَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَدْ قَرُبَ أَجَلُهُ وَ دَنَا عَذَابُهُ‌[2].

Hadith.2224 - Whoever departs from Makkah without intending to return has drawn near to their death, and their punishment approaches.

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ الْحَاجَّ وَ الْمُعْتَمِرَ يَرْجِعَانِ كَمَوْلُودَيْنِ مَاتَ أَحَدُهُمَا طِفْلًا لَا ذَنْبَ لَهُ وَ عَاشَ الْآخَرُ مَا عَاشَ مَعْصُوماً[2].

Hadith.2252 - It has been narrated: "The pilgrim and the one performing Umrah return like two newborns—one who died as an infant without sin, and the other who lived their life free from sin."

وَ الْحَاجُّ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَصْنَافٍ فَأَفْضَلُهُمْ نَصِيباً رَجُلٌ يُغْفَرُ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَ مَا تَأَخَّرَ وَ وَقَاهُ اللَّهُ عَذَابَ الْقَبْرِ وَ أَمَّا الَّذِي يَلِيهِ فَرَجُلٌ غُفِرَ لَهُ ذَنْبُهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْهُ وَ يَسْتَأْنِفُ الْعَمَلَ فِيمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ وَ أَمَّا الَّذِي يَلِيهِ فَرَجُلٌ يُحْفَظُ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَ مَالِهِ‌[3]. - وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا يُقْبَلُ مِن

Hadith.2253 - The pilgrim falls into three categories: The one with the greatest reward is a person whose past and his future sins are forgiven, and Allah (swt) protects them from the punishment of the grave. The next is a person whose past sins are forgiven, and they start anew in their remaining life with fresh deeds

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع لَمَّا قَضَى مَنَاسِكَهُ أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالانْصِرَافِ فَانْصَرَفَ وَ مَاتَتْ أُمُّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَدَفَنَهَا فِي الْحِجْرِ وَ حَجَّرَ عَلَيْهِ لِئَلَّا يُوطَأَ قَبْرُهَا[3] وَ بَقِيَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ ع وَحْدَهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ قَابِلٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ ع فِي الْحَجِّ وَ بِنَاءِ الْكَعْبَةِ وَ كَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ تَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ وَ كَانَ رَدْم

Hadith.2282 - It has been narrated: "When Ibrahim (as) completed his rituals, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, commanded him to depart, so he left. The mother of Isma'il passed away, and he buried her in the Hijr and enclosed it with stones to prevent her grave from being stepped on. Isma'il (as) remained alone. L

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌[5] عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَمَى صَيْداً فِي الْحِلِّ وَ هُوَ يَؤُمُّ الْحَرَمَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْبَرِيدِ وَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَأَصَابَهُ فِي الْحِلِّ فَمَضَى بِرَمْيَتِهِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ فَمَاتَ مِنْ رَمْيَتِهِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاءٌ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاءٌ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ نَصَبَ شَرَكاً فِي الْحِلِّ إِلَى جَانِبِ الْحَرَمِ فَوَقَعَ فِيهِ صَيْدٌ فَاضْطَرَبَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who hunted an animal in the Ḥill (permissible area) while heading towards the Haram, in the area between the post station and the mosque. He struck it in the Ḥill, but the hunted animal moved towards the Haram and died there. I asked if he would be liable for a penalty. Imam (as) r

لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ تَأْتُونَ قَبْرَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ لَهُ نَعَمْ قَالَ تَتَّخِذُونَ لِذَلِكَ سُفْرَةً قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَمَا لَوْ أَتَيْتُمْ قُبُورَ آبَائِكُمْ وَ أُمَّهَاتِكُمْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا ذَلِكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَأَيَّ شَيْءٍ نَأْكُلُ قَالَ الْخُبْزَ بِاللَّبَنِ[2]

وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ قَوْماً إِذَا زَارُوا الْحُسَيْنَ ع حَمَلُوا مَعَهُمُ السُّفْرَةَ فِيهَا الْجِدَاءُ وَ الْأَخْبِصَةُ[3] وَ أَشْبَاهُهُ لَوْ زَارُوا قُبُورَ أَحِبَّائِهِمْ مَا حَمَلُوا مَعَهُمْ هَذَا.

Hadith.2453 - In another narration, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "It has reached me that some people, when they visit the grave of Al-Husayn (as), bring with them provisions such as roasted kids (young goats), sweet dishes, and the like. If they were to visit the graves of their loved ones, they would no

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ أَنَا جُنْدَبُ بْنُ السَّكَنِ فَاكْتَنَفَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ أَرَادَ سَفَراً لَاتَّخَذَ فِيهِ مِنَ الزَّادِ مَا يُصْلِحُهُ لِسَفَرِهِ فَتَزَوَّدُوا لِسَفَرِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ مَا تُرِيدُونَ فِيهِ مَا يُصْلِحُكُمْ- فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ أَرْشِدْنَا فَقَالَ صُمْ يَوْماً شَدِيدَ الْحَرِّ لِلنُّش

Hadith.2456 - It is narrated that Abu Dharr (may Allah (swt) have mercy on him) stood at the Ka'bah and said: "I am Jundub ibn Sakn." People gathered around him, and he said: "If one of you intended to embark on a journey, he would take provisions sufficient for his journey. So, prepare provisions for the journey of th

مَا بُهِمَتِ الْبَهَائِمُ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ تُبْهَمْ عَنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ مَعْرِفَتِهَا بِالرَّبِّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ مَعْرِفَتِهَا بِالْمَوْتِ[2] وَ مَعْرِفَتِهَا بِالْأُنْثَى مِنَ الذَّكَرِ وَ مَعْرِفَتِهَا بِالْمَرْعَى الْخِصْبِ.

«لَوْ عَرَفَتِ اَلْبَهَائِمُ مِنَ اَلْمَوْتِ مَا تَعْرِفُونَ مَا أَكَلْتُمْ مِنْهَا سَمِيناً قَطُّ».

Hadith.2474 - As for the narration from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) in which he said: "If animals knew about death what you know, you would never eat a fat one among them."

مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يَمُوتُ فِي أَرْضِ غُرْبَةٍ تَغِيبُ عَنْهُ فِيهَا بَوَاكِيهِ إِلَّا بَكَتْهُ بِقَاعُ الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهَا وَ بَكَتْهُ أَثْوَابُهُ وَ بَكَتْهُ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ يَصْعَدُ فِيهَا عَمَلُهُ وَ بَكَاهُ الْمَلَكَانِ الْمُوَكَّلَانِ بِهِ.

وَ قَالَ ع‌ إِنَّ الْغَرِيبَ إِذَا حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ الْتَفَتَ يَمْنَةً وَ يَسْرَةً وَ لَمْ يَرَ أَحَداً رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى مَنْ تَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنِّي وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي لَئِنْ أَطْلَقْتُكَ عَنْ عُقْدَتِكَ‌[3] لَأُصَيِّرَنَّكَ فِي طَاعَتِي وَ لَئِنْ قَبْضَتُكَ لَأُصَيِّرَنَّكَ إِلَى كَرَامَتِي.

Hadith.2511 - Imam (as) said: "When a stranger faces death, he looks to his right and left but sees no one. He raises his head, and Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, says: 'To whom do you turn? To one who is better for you than Me? By My might and My majesty, if I release you from this bond, I will place you in My

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ يُحْرِمُ الرَّجُلُ فِي الثَّوْبِ الْأَسْوَدِ قَالَ لَا يُحْرِمُ فِي الثَّوْبِ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ لَا يُكَفَّنُ فِيهِ الْمَيِّتُ‌[1].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "Can a man enter Ihram wearing a black garment?" Imam (as) said: "He should not enter Ihram in a black garment, nor should a deceased person be shrouded in it."

لَا بَأْسَ بِهِمَا هُمَا طَهُورَانِ‌[4].

Hadith.2612 - Hammad ibn Uthman asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the khaluq of the Ka'bah and the khaluq of the grave that might be present on the Ihram garment. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in them; both are pure."

وَ قِيلَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ الرَّجُلُ يَأْخُذُ الْحَجَّةَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ- فَيَمُوتُ فَلَا يَتْرُكُ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ حَجَّةٌ أُثْبِتَتْ لِصَاحِبِهِ‌[1].

Hadith.2871 - It was said to Abu Abdullah (as): "A man takes funds for Hajj from someone, but he dies and leaves nothing behind." Imam (as) said: "It suffices for the deceased, and if he had a Hajj recorded with Allah (swt), it will be credited to the one who provided the funds."

نَعَمْ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدِ الصَّرُورَةُ مَا يَحُجُّ بِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَحُجَّ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ هُوَ يُجْزِي عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ‌[2] كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ‌[3].

Hadith.2872 - Sa'id ibn Abdullah al-A'raj asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a person who has not performed Hajj (a ṣarūra): "Can they perform Hajj on behalf of a deceased person?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, if the ṣarūra does not have the means to perform Hajj for themselves. However, if they have wealth, they cannot do so unti

رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْكُنَاسِيِ‌

I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about a man who was obligated to perform the Hajj of Islam but made a vow of gratitude to send another man to perform Hajj to Mecca on his behalf. The man died before performing the Hajj of Islam and before fulfilling the vow he had made. Imam (as) said: "If he left wealth, the Hajj of Islam sho

إِنْ مَاتَ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْهُ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ دُونَ الْحَرَمِ فَلْيَقْضِ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ‌[1].

Hadith.2915 - Ali ibn Ri'ab narrated from Durays, from Abu Ja'far (as), regarding a man who set out to perform the Hajj of Islam but died on the way. Imam (as) said: "If he died within the sacred precinct (haram), it suffices as the Hajj of Islam. But if he died outside the haram, his heir should perform the Hajj of Is

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ حَاجّاً وَ مَعَهُ جَمَلٌ لَهُ وَ نَفَقَةٌ وَ زَادٌ فَمَاتَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ صَرُورَةً ثُمَّ مَاتَ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْهُ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ وَ هُوَ صَرُورَةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ‌[4] جُعِلَ جَمَلُهُ وَ زَادُهُ وَ نَفَقَتُهُ وَ مَا مَعَهُ فِي حَجَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ- فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَهُوَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ إِنْ لَمْ يَك

I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about a man who set out for Hajj with his camel, provisions, and expenses, but died on the way. Imam (as) said: "If he was a ṣarūra (someone who had not performed the Hajj of Islam) and died within the haram, it suffices as the Hajj of Islam. If he died as a ṣarūra before entering into Ihram, hi

هُمْ أَحَقُّ بِمِيرَاثِهِ إِنْ شَاءُوا أَكَلُوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا حَجُّوا عَنْهُ‌[4].

Hadith.2917 - Harun ibn Hamzah al-Ghanawi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who died without performing the Hajj of Islam and left behind only enough wealth for the expenses of Hajj, and he had heirs. Imam (as) said: "They have the greater right to his inheritance. If they wish, they may use it for themse

إِنْ كَانَ صَرُورَةً فَهِيَ مِنْ صُلْبِ مَالِهِ إِنَّمَا هِيَ دَيْنٌ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ حَجَّ فَهِيَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ‌[6].

Hadith.2918 - It was narrated from Harith, the seller of mats, that Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who had instructed in his will that a Hajj be performed on his behalf. Imam (as) said: "If he was a ṣarūra (someone who had not performed the Hajj of Islam), it should be taken from the principal of his estate, a

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ ابْنَتِي أَوْصَتْ بِحَجَّةٍ وَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَالَ فَحُجَّ عَنْهَا فَإِنَّهَا لَكَ وَ لَهَا قُلْتُ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَالَ حُجَّ عَنْهَا فَإِنَّهَا لَكَ وَ لَهَا[2].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "My daughter instructed in her will for a Hajj to be performed, but she did not perform Hajj during her lifetime." Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj on her behalf; the reward will be for both you and her." I said: "My mother passed away and did not perform Hajj." Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj o

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ أَوْصَتْ بِمَالٍ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الْعِتْقِ فَقَالَ ابْدَأْ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِنَّهُ مَفْرُوضٌ فَإِنْ بَقِيَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَاجْعَلْ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ طَائِفَةً وَ فِي الْعِتْقِ طَائِفَةً[3].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman who instructed in her will for her wealth to be used for charity, Hajj, and freeing slaves. Imam (as) said: "Begin with Hajj, for it is obligatory. If anything remains, allocate a portion for charity and a portion for freeing slaves."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ وَالِدَتِي تُوُفِّيَتْ وَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَالَ يَحُجُّ عَنْهَا رَجُلٌ أَوِ امْرَأَةٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَيُّهُمْ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَ‌[5].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "My mother passed away and did not perform Hajj." Imam (as) said: "A man or a woman may perform Hajj on her behalf." I asked: "Which is more preferable to you?" Imam (as) said: "A man is more preferable to me."

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَحُجَّ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ لَمْ يُوصِ بِهَا أَ يُقْضَى عَنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ‌[7].

I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about a man who died without performing the Hajj of Islam and did not include it in his will. Should it be performed on his behalf? Imam (as) said: "Yes."

حُجَّ عَنْهُ وَ مَا فَضَلَ فَأَعْطِهِمْ‌[3].

I asked him about a man who entrusted me with some money, but he died without leaving anything for his children, and he had not performed the Hajj of Islam. Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj on his behalf, and whatever remains, give it to his children."

وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ‌ مَنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى مَا يَحُجُّ بِهِ وَ جَعَلَ يَدْفَعُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَنْهُ شُغُلٌ يَعْذِرُهُ اللَّهُ فِيهِ حَتَّى جَاءَ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ ضَيَّعَ شَرِيعَةً مِنْ شَرَائِعِ الْإِسْلَامِ.

Hadith.2936 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah narrated from Imam (as) that he said: "Whoever has the means to perform Hajj but keeps postponing it without any valid excuse that Allah (swt) would accept, and death overtakes him, has neglected a fundamental law of Islam."