Poverty & Hardship

فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِالنَّهَارِ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ فَقَالَ «مَا عَرَفَ هَذَا حَقَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِنَّ لَهُ فِي اَللَّيْلِ سَبْحاً طَوِيلاً » قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَ يَشْرَبَ وَ يُقَصِّرَ قَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَخَّصَ لِلْمُسَافِرِ فِي اَلْإِفْطَارِ وَ اَلتَّقْصِيرِ رَحْمَةً وَ تَخْفِيفاً لِمَوْضِعِ اَلتَّعَبِ وَ اَلنَّصَبِ وَ وَعْثِ اَلسَّفَرِ وَ لَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَهُ فِي مُجَ

Hadith.1986 - Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Imam Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who engages with his concubine during the day in the Month of Ramadan while traveling. The Imam (as) responded: "This person has not recognized the sanctity of the Month of Ramadan, for he has a long stretch of permissible time at night." The que

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنَّ امْرَأَتِي جَعَلَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا صَوْمَ شَهْرَيْنِ فَوَضَعَتْ وَلَدَهَا وَ أَدْرَكَهَا الْحَبَلُ فَلَمْ تَقْدِرْ[2] عَلَى الصَّوْمِ قَالَ فَلْتَصَدَّقْ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ‌[3].

Hadith.1994 - It was narrated by Ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Ja'far: "I said to Abu al-Hasan (as): 'My wife took upon herself to fast for two months, but she gave birth and then became pregnant again, so she was unable to fast.' Imam (as) said: 'She should give in charity for each day a mudd (measure) to a poor person

إِنْ كَانَ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ وَ إِنْ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ بَعْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مُدٌّ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ صَامَ يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ وَ صَامَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ كَفَّارَةً لِمَا صَنَعَ‌[1]. - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ إِنْ أَفْطَرَ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَل

Hadith.2000 - Ibn Mahboub narrated from Al-Harith ibn Muhammad from Buraid Al-Ijli from Abu Ja'far (as) regarding a man who engaged with his wife during a day when he was making up a missed fast from Month of Ramadan. Abu Ja'far (as) said: "If he engaged with her before midday, there is nothing upon him except to fast

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الطَّيِّبِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ ع هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى الْفِطْرَةُ عَنْ عِيَالِ الرَّجُلِ وَ هُمْ عَشَرَةٌ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ رَجُلًا مُحْتَاجاً مُوَافِقاً فَكَتَبَ ع نَعَمِ افْعَلْ ذَلِكَ‌[1].

"I wrote to Al-Tayyib Al-Askari (as), asking: 'Is it permissible to give the Zakat al-Fitr for a man's dependents, whether they are ten or fewer or more, to one needy and deserving person?' Imam (as) wrote in reply: 'Yes, do that.'"

كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍ‌

"I was sitting with Imam Al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) when a man came to him and said, 'O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), so-and-so has a debt against me, and he intends to imprison me.' Imam Al-Hasan (as) said: 'By Allah (swt), I have no money to repay your debt.' The man then said: 'Could you speak to him on my behalf?

إِنَّمَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ هَذَا الْأَضْحَى لِتَشْبَعَ مَسَاكِينُكُمْ مِنَ اللَّحْمِ فَأَطْعِمُوهُمْ[6]. وَ الْعِلَّةُ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا تُجْزِي الْبَقَرَةُ عَنْ خَمْسَةِ نَفَرٍ لِأَنَّ الَّذِينَ أَمَرَهُمُ السَّامِرِيُ

إِذَا كَانَ عَشِيَّةُ عَرَفَةَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلَكَيْنِ يَتَصَفَّحَانِ وُجُوهَ النَّاسِ فَإِذَا فَقَدَا رَجُلًا قَدْ عَوَّدَ نَفْسَهُ الْحَجَّ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ يَا فُلَانُ مَا فَعَلَ فُلَانٌ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ حَبَسَهُ عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقْرٌ فَأَغْنِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حَبَسَهُ دَيْنٌ فَاقْضِ عَنْهُ دَيْنَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حَبَسَهُ

وَ جَاءَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَحْضُرُ الْأَضْحَى وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي ثَمَنُ الْأُضْحِيَّةِ فَأَسْتَقْرِضُ وَ أُضَحِّي فَقَالَ اسْتَقْرِضِي وَ ضَحِّي فَإِنَّهُ دَيْنٌ مَقْضِيٌ‌[7].

Hadith.2191 - Umm Salamah, may Allah (swt) be pleased with her, came to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, and said: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), the Day of Sacrifice is approaching, and I do not have the means to afford a sacrifice. Should I borrow and offer a sacrifice?" He (sw) replied: "Bo

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ مَنْ حَجَّ ثَلَاثَ حِجَجٍ لَمْ يُصِبْهُ فَقْرٌ أَبَداً[2].

Hadith.2206 - It has been narrated: "Whoever performs three Hajj will never experience poverty."

نَعَمْ هُوَ أَقْضَى لِلدَّيْنِ‌[1].

Hadith.2233 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man in debt who borrows money to perform Hajj. Imam (as) said: "Yes, it is more likely to help him repay his debt."

مَا مِنْ حَاجٍّ يَضْحَى مُلَبِّياً[2] حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ إِلَّا غَابَتْ ذُنُوبُهُ مَعَهَا وَ الْحَجُّ وَ الْعُمْرَةُ يَنْفِيَانِ الْفَقْرَ كَمَا يَنْفِي الْكِيرُ[3] خَبَثَ الْحَدِيدِ

وَ مَنْ حَجَّ عَنْ غَيْرِهِ فَلْيَقُلْ- اللَّهُمَّ مَا أَصَابَنِي مِنْ نَصَبٍ أَوْ تَعَبٍ أَوْ شَعَثٍ فَآجِرْ فِيهِ فُلَاناً وَ آجِرْنِي فِي قَضَائِي عَنْهُ‌[4].

Hadith.2244 - Whoever performs Hajj on behalf of another should say: "O Allah (swt), whatever hardship, fatigue, or dishevelment I experience, reward so-and-so for it and reward me for fulfilling it on their behalf." It has also been narrated: "They should mention the name of the person on whose behalf they are perform

وَمَا مِنْ سَفَرٍ أَبْلَغُ فِي لَحْمٍ وَلَا دَمٍ وَلَا جِلْدٍ وَلَا شَعْرٍ مِنْ سَفَرِ مَكَّةَ، وَمَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يُبْلِغُهُ حَتَّى تَلْحَقَهُ الْمَشَقَّةُ.

Hadith.2273 - "There is no journey that affects the flesh, blood, skin, or hair more profoundly than the journey to Makkah, and no one completes it without enduring hardship."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ نَتَفَ حَمَامَةً مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ‌[2] فَقَالَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِصَدَقَةٍ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ وَ يُعْطِي بِالْيَدِ الَّتِي نَتَفَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَوْجَعَهُ.

Hadith.2363 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Ibrahim ibn Maymun: I said to Abu Abdullah (as), "A man plucked the feathers of a pigeon from the pigeons of the Haram." Imam (as) replied: "He should give charity to a needy person and with the hand that plucked the feathers, for he has caused it pain."

إِذَا وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَى أَوَّلِ مِسْكِينٍ ثُمَّ امْضِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَدْفَعُ عَنْكَ‌[4].

I used to observe the stars and understand their movements and their rise, and from this, certain thoughts would enter my mind. I complained about this to Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim, peace be upon them both. Imam (as) said: "If something enters your mind, give charity to the first needy person you encou

وَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ حَمْلُ الْعَصَا يَنْفِي الْفَقْرَ وَ لَا يُجَاوِرُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ‌[5].

Hadith.2410 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings of Allah (swt) be upon him and his family) said: "Carrying a staff removes poverty, and Satan does not accompany the one who carries it."

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ أَنَا جُنْدَبُ بْنُ السَّكَنِ فَاكْتَنَفَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ أَرَادَ سَفَراً لَاتَّخَذَ فِيهِ مِنَ الزَّادِ مَا يُصْلِحُهُ لِسَفَرِهِ فَتَزَوَّدُوا لِسَفَرِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ مَا تُرِيدُونَ فِيهِ مَا يُصْلِحُكُمْ- فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ أَرْشِدْنَا فَقَالَ صُمْ يَوْماً شَدِيدَ الْحَرِّ لِلنُّش

Hadith.2456 - It is narrated that Abu Dharr (may Allah (swt) have mercy on him) stood at the Ka'bah and said: "I am Jundub ibn Sakn." People gathered around him, and he said: "If one of you intended to embark on a journey, he would take provisions sufficient for his journey. So, prepare provisions for the journey of th

قَالَ وَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ رَبَطَ فَرَساً عَتِيقاً مُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ عَشْرُ سَيِّئَاتٍ‌[2] وَ كُتِبَتْ لَهُ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ حَسَنَةً فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ مَنِ ارْتَبَطَ هَجِيناً[3] مُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ سَيِّئَتَانِ وَ كُتِبَتْ لَهُ تِسْعُ حَسَنَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ مَنِ ارْتَبَطَ بِرْذَوْناً[4] يُرِيدُ بِهِ جَمَالًا أَوْ قَضَاءَ حَاجَةٍ أَوْ دَفْعَ عَدُوٍّ مُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ سَيِّئَة

Hadith.2461 - And I heard him (Imam (as)) say: "Whoever keeps a noble horse (‘atiq), ten sins are erased from them and eleven good deeds are written for them every day. Whoever keeps a mixed-breed horse (hajin), two sins are erased and nine good deeds are written for them every day. Whoever keeps a workhorse (bardhawn)

وَ سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ أَيُّ الْمَالِ خَيْرٌ- قَالَ زَرْعٌ زَرَعَهُ صَاحِبُهُ وَ أَصْلَحَهُ وَ أَدَّى حَقَّهُ يَوْمَ حَصَادِهِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ بَعْدَ الزَّرْعِ خَيْرٌ قَالَ رَجُلٌ فِي غَنَمِهِ قَدْ تَبِعَ بِهَا مَوَاضِعَ الْقَطْرِ يُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ يُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ بَعْدَ الْغَنَمِ خَيْرٌ قَالَ الْبَقَرُ تَغْدُو بِخَيْرٍ وَ تَرُوحُ بِخَيْرٍ[

Hadith.2488 - The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah (swt) be upon him and his family) was asked: "Which wealth is best?" Prophet (sw) replied: "A crop that its owner sows, tends to, and gives its due when it is harvested." He was asked: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), which wealth is best after crops?" Prophet (sw) re

نَعَمْ إِنَّ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى مَنْ أَطَاقَ الْمَشْيَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لَقَدْ كَانَ أَكْثَرُ مَنْ حَجَّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مُشَاةً وَ لَقَدْ مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِكُرَاعِ الْغَمِيمِ‌[5] فَشَكَوْا إِلَيْهِ الْجَهْدَ وَ الطَّاقَةَ وَ الْإِعْيَاءَ فَقَالَ شُدُّوا أُزُرَكُمْ وَ اسْتَبْطِنُوا فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَذَهَبَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ.

Hadith.2503 - Mu‘awiyah ibn Ammar asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who has debt: "Is he obligated to perform Hajj?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, the Hajj of Islam is obligatory upon those Muslims who can walk. Indeed, most of those who performed Hajj with the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace of Allah (swt) be upon him an

إِنْ كَانَ مُوسِراً فَعَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ وَسَطاً فَعَلَيْهِ بَقَرَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فَقِيراً فَعَلَيْهِ شَاةٌ وَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَجْعَلْ عَلَيْهِ هَذَا لِأَنَّهُ أَمْنَى وَ لَكِنِّي جَعَلْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهُ نَظَرَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ.

Hadith.2590 - Abu Basir asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a Muhrim (one in a state of Ihram) who looked at the leg of a woman or her private part and ejaculated. Imam (as) said: "If he is wealthy, he must offer a camel. If he is of moderate means, he must offer a cow. If he is poor, he must offer a sheep." Imam (as) added:

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا كُنْتُ أَرَى أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ يَبْلُغُ مَا أَرَى فَأَمَرَهُ فَنَسَكَ عَنْهُ نُسُكاً[2] وَ حَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ بِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ فَمَنْ كانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضاً أَوْ بِهِ أَذىً مِنْ رَأْسِهِ فَفِدْيَةٌ مِنْ صِيامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ‌ فَالصِّيَامُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى سِتَّةِ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ[3] وَ رُوِيَ مُدٌّ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَ النُّسُكُ

Hadith.2697 - The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) passed by Ka'b ibn Ujrah al-Ansari while he was in the state of ihram, and lice had afflicted his head, eyebrows, and eyes. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "I did not think the matter would rea

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ وَ عَلَيْهِ طَوَافُ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَقَرَةٌ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ شَاةٌ فَقُلْتُ بَعْدَ مَا قَامُوا أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ كَيْفَ قُلْتَ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ مُوسِرٌ[1] وَ عَلَيْكَ بَدَنَةٌ وَ عَلَى الْوَسَطِ بَقَرَةٌ وَ عَلَى الْفَقِيرِ شَاةٌ[2]. مَا

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who had intercourse with his wife before completing the Tawaf al-Nisa. Imam (as) said: "He must offer a camel (as expiation)." Then another person came and asked him about the same situation. Imam (as) said: "He must offer a cow." Then another person came and asked him. Imam (as) s

عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَإِطْعَامُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً فَإِنْ كَانَتْ قِيمَةُ الْبَدَنَةِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ إِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى إِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ قِيمَةُ الْبَدَنَةِ[1] أَقَلَّ مِنْ إِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا قِيمَةُ الْبَدَنَةِ.

Hadith.2723 - Jamil narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim and Zurara, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a person in the state of ihram who killed an ostrich. Imam (as) said: "They must offer a camel. If they cannot find one, they must feed sixty needy people. If the value of the camel exceeds the cost of feeding sixty need

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مُحْرِمٍ أَصَابَ نَعَامَةً أَوْ حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ قَالَ يُطْعِمُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى مَا يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ مَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَلْيَصُمْ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَصَابَ بَقَرَةً مَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ بَقَرَةٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ قَالَ فَلْيُطْعِمْ ثَلَاثِينَ مِسْكِيناً قُلْتُ فَ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a person in the state of ihram who hunted an ostrich or a wild donkey. Imam (as) said: "They must offer a camel." I asked: "What if they cannot afford it?" Imam (as) said: "They should feed sixty needy people." I asked: "What if they cannot afford to feed anyone?" Imam (as) said: "They m

رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْكُنَاسِيِ‌

I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about a man who was obligated to perform the Hajj of Islam but made a vow of gratitude to send another man to perform Hajj to Mecca on his behalf. The man died before performing the Hajj of Islam and before fulfilling the vow he had made. Imam (as) said: "If he left wealth, the Hajj of Islam sho

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَحُجُّ بِدَيْنٍ وَ قَدْ حَجَّ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَيَقْضِي عَنْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‌[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who performs Hajj with borrowed money and has already performed the Hajj of Islam. Imam (as) said: "Yes, and Allah (swt), the Exalted, will settle his debt, God willing."

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ يَسْتَقْرِضُ وَ يَحُجُّ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَجْهٌ فِي مَالٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ‌[4].

I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about a man who has debt but borrows money to perform Hajj. Imam (as) said: "If he has a means to repay the debt, there is no harm in it."

لَهُ هَلْ يَسْتَقْرِضُ الرَّجُلُ وَ يَحُجُّ إِذَا كَانَ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ مَا يُؤَدَّى بِهِ عَنْهُ إِذَا حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

I asked him: "Can a man borrow money to perform Hajj if he has resources left behind to settle the debt in case something happens to him?" Imam (as) said: "Yes."

لِلرِّضَا ع الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ وَ يَحْضُرُهُ الشَّيْ‌ءُ[7] أَ يَقْضِي دَيْنَهُ أَوْ يَحُجُّ قَالَ يَقْضِي بِبَعْضٍ وَ يَحُجُّ بِبَعْضٍ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِقَدْرِ نَفَقَةِ الْحَجِّ قَالَ يَقْضِي سَنَةً وَ يَحُجُّ سَنَةً قُلْتُ أُعْطِيَ‌ الْمَالَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ السُّلْطَانِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ‌[1].

I said to Al-Ridha (as): "A man has debt, and some wealth comes to him. Should he pay his debt or perform Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "He should pay part of it toward his debt and use part for Hajj." I said: "What if the amount is only sufficient for the expenses of Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "Let him pay his debt one year and

وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ ذُو دَيْنٍ فَأَتَدَيَّنُ وَ أَحُجُّ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ هُوَ أَقْضَى لِلدَّيْنِ‌[2].

Hadith.2905 - A man asked Abu Abdullah (as): "I am a man in debt. Should I borrow money and perform Hajj?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, it is more effective in settling the debt."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَكُونُ عَلَيَّ الدَّيْنُ فَيَقَعُ فِي يَدِيَ الدَّرَاهِمُ فَإِنْ وَزَّعْتُهَا بَيْنَهُمْ لَمْ يَقَعْ شَيْئاً[3] أَ فَأَحُجُّ أَوْ أُوَزِّعُهَا بَيْنَ الْغُرَمَاءِ قَالَ حُجَّ بِهَا وَ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ عَنْكَ دَيْنَكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‌[4].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I have debt, and some dirhams come into my possession. If I divide them among my creditors, they will not settle anything significant. Should I use them for Hajj, or should I distribute them among the creditors?" Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj with them, and pray to Allah (swt) to help you

إِنْ كَانَ صَرُورَةً فَهِيَ مِنْ صُلْبِ مَالِهِ إِنَّمَا هِيَ دَيْنٌ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ حَجَّ فَهِيَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ‌[6].

Hadith.2918 - It was narrated from Harith, the seller of mats, that Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who had instructed in his will that a Hajj be performed on his behalf. Imam (as) said: "If he was a ṣarūra (someone who had not performed the Hajj of Islam), it should be taken from the principal of his estate, a

نَعَمْ يَقُولُ عِنْدَ إِحْرَامِهِ بَعْدَ مَا يُحْرِمُ اللَّهُمَّ مَا أَصَابَنِي فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا مِنْ نَصَبٍ أَوْ شِدَّةٍ أَوْ بَلَاءٍ أَوْ شَعَثٍ‌[3] فَأْجُرْ فُلَاناً فِيهِ وَ أْجُرْنِي فِي قَضَائِي عَنْهُ‌[4].

I asked him about a man performing Hajj on behalf of his brother, his father, or another person. Should he say anything specific? Imam (as) said: "Yes, after entering into Ihram, he should say: 'O Allah (swt), whatever hardship, difficulty, trial, or dishevelment I experience during this journey, grant its reward to [t

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَرْمِيَ بِاللَّيْلِ مَنْ هُوَ قَالَ الْحَاطِبَةُ[3] وَ الْمَمْلُوكُ الَّذِي لَا يَمْلِكُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ شَيْئاً وَ الْخَائِفُ وَ الْمَدِينُ وَ الْمَرِيضُ الَّذِي لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَرْمِيَ يُحْمَلُ إِلَى الْجِمَارِ فَإِنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى أَنْ يَرْمِيَ وَ إِلَّا فَارْمِ عَنْهُ وَ هُوَ حَاضِرٌ[4].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about those who are permitted to stone the Jamarat at night. Imam (as) said: "The wood-gatherer, the servant who has no control over his own affairs, the fearful, the debtor, and the sick person who cannot stone. He should be carried to the Jamarat, and if he is able to stone, he should do so;

وَ جَاءَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَتْ‌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَحْضُرُ الْأَضْحَى وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي ثَمَنُ الْأُضْحِيَّةِ فَأَسْتَقْرِضُ وَ أُضَحِّي قَالَ فَاسْتَقْرِضِي فَإِنَّهُ دَيْنٌ مَقْضِيٌ‌[1].

Hadith.3045 - It is narrated that Umm Salama (may Allah (swt) be pleased with her) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), the time for sacrifice (Udhiyya) has come, and I do not have the means to afford the sacrificial animal. Should I take a loan and

وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَتَصَدَّقَانِ بِثُلُثٍ عَلَى جِيرَانِهِمْ وَ بِثُلُثٍ عَلَى السُّؤَّالِ وَ بِثُلُثٍ يُمْسِكَانِهِ لِأَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ‌[2].

Hadith.3054 - It is narrated that Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) and Imam Abu Ja'far (Al-Baqir) (as) used to distribute their sacrificial meat in three parts: One-third was given to their neighbors. One-third was given to the needy and beggars. One-third was kept for the members of their household.

لِي إِذَا صِرْتَ بِمَكَّةَ فَطُفْ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ طَوَافاً وَ صَلِّ عَنْهُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ طُفْ عَنْ أَبِي طَالِبٍ طَوَافاً وَ صَلِّ عَنْهُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ طُفْ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ طَوَافاً وَ صَلِّ عَنْهُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ طُفْ عَنْ آمِنَةَ أُمِّ مُحَمَّدٍ طَوَافاً وَ صَلِّ عَنْهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ طُفْ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ أَسَدٍ طَوَافاً وَ صَلِّ عَنْهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ ادْعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ

I went to Abu Abdullah (as) while I was owed money by a man, and I feared it would be lost. I complained about this to him, and he said to me: "When you are in Mecca, perform a Tawaf (circumambulation) on behalf of Abdul Muttalib and pray two Rak'ahs for him. Perform a Tawaf on behalf of Abu Talib and pray two Rak'ahs

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِعَلِيٍّ ع أَ لَا أُعَلِّمُكَ دُعَاءَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ وَ هُوَ دُعَاءُ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلِي مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَتَقُولُ‌ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ‌ وَحْدَهُ‌ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ‌ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ يُحْيِي وَ يُمِيتُ‌ وَ يُمِيتُ وَ يُحْيِي وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ لَا يَمُوتُ بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ وَ هُوَ عَلى‌ كُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ قَدِيرٌ اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْ

Hadith.3135 - Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said to Imam Ali (as): "Shall I teach you the supplication of the Day of Arafah, which is the supplication of the Prophets who came before me?" Imam Ali (as) replied: "Yes, O M

رَوَى الْأَصْبَغُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ[2] عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ أَنَّهُ قَضَى أَنْ يُحْجَرَ عَلَى الْغُلَامِ الْمُفْسِدِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ وَ قَضَى ع فِي الدَّيْنِ أَنَّهُ يُحْبَسُ صَاحِبُهُ فَإِذَا تَبَيَّنَ إِفْلَاسُهُ وَ الْحَاجَةُ فَيُخَلَّى سَبِيلُهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَفِيدَ مَالًا[3] وَ قَضَى ع فِي الرَّجُلِ يَلْتَوِي عَلَى غُرَمَائِهِ أَنَّهُ يُحْبَسُ ثُمَّ يُؤْمَرُ بِهِ فَيَقْسِمُ مَالَهُ بَيْنَ غُرَمَائِهِ‌[4] بِ

Hadith.3258 - Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah narrated from Commander of the Faithful (as) that he ruled: "A corrupt young man should be placed under guardianship until he matures and becomes rational." Imam (as) also ruled regarding debt: "The debtor should be imprisoned. If his insolvency and need are proven, he is released un

لَا يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ أَبَداً إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَفْلَسَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ.

Hadith.3259 - Abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who transfers his debt to another man. Imam (as) said: "He cannot revert the debt back to the original debtor under any circumstances, except if the transferee had already declared bankruptcy before the transfer."

عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ الْمَحْبُوسِينَ فِي الدَّيْنِ- يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ وَ يَوْمَ الْعِيدِ إِلَى الْعِيدِ فَيُرْسِلَ مَعَهُمْ فَإِذَا قَضَوُا الصَّلَاةَ وَ الْعِيدَ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى السِّجْنِ.

لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع رَجُلٌ يَهُودِيٌّ أَوْ نَصْرَانِيٌّ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدِي أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ فَمَاتَ أَ لِي أَنْ أُصَالِحَ وَرَثَتَهُ وَ لَا أُعْلِمَهُمْ كَمْ كَانَ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ حَتَّى تُخْبِرَهُمْ‌[2].

Hadith.3269 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah said: I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about a Jewish or Christian man who had a debt of four thousand dirhams with me, and he died. I asked: "Is it lawful for me to settle with his heirs without informing them of the exact amount?" Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible until you inform them.

لَهُ انْقُدْ لِي مِنَ الَّذِي لِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ أَضَعُ لَكَ بَقِيَّتَهُ أَوْ يَقُولُ انْقُدْ لِي بَعْضاً وَ أَمُدُّ لَكَ فِي الْأَجَلِ فِيمَا بَقِيَ فَقَالَ لَا أَرَى بِهِ بَأْساً مَا لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَأْسِ مَالِهِ شَيْئاً يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فَلَكُمْ رُؤُسُ أَمْوالِكُمْ لا تَظْلِمُونَ‌ وَ لا تُظْلَمُونَ‌[1].

Hadith.3270 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who owes a debt with a specified due date. The creditor comes to him and says, "Pay me such-and-such amount from what you owe, and I will waive the rest," or says, "Pay me a part now, an

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ أَقِيمُوا الشَّهَادَةَ عَلَى الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْوَلَدِ وَ لَا تُقِيمُوهَا عَلَى الْأَخِ فِي الدَّيْنِ الضَّيْرَ[4] قُلْتُ وَ مَا الضَّيْرُ قَالَ إِذَا تَعَدَّى فِيهِ صَاحِبُ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي يَدَّعِيهِ قِبَلَهُ خِلَافَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُولُهُ ص وَ مَثَلُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِرَجُلٍ عَلَى آخَرَ دَيْنٌ وَ هُوَ مُعْسِرٌ وَ قَدْ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِ

I heard Abu Abdullah (as), say: "Establish testimony against parents and children, but do not establish it against a brother in religion out of harm (al-ḍayr)." I said: What is al-ḍayr? Imam (as) said: "It is when the claimant transgresses in demanding his right contrary to what Allah (swt), the Almighty, and His Messe

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَجَازَ شَهَادَةَ النِّسَاءِ فِي الدَّيْنِ[4] وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ.

رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَجَازَ شَهَادَةَ النِّسَاءِ مَعَ يَمِينِ الطَّالِبِ فِي الدَّيْنِ يَحْلِفُ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّ حَقَّهُ لَحَقٌ‌[3].

Hadith.3321 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), that: "The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, permitted the testimony of women along with the oath of the claimant in matters of debt, where he swears by Allah (swt) that his claim is true."

لِلشَّيْخِ يَعْنِي مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ع‌[2] أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَدَّعِي قِبَلَ الرَّجُلِ الْحَقَّ فَلَا يَكُونُ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ بِمَا لَهُ قَالَ فَيَمِينُ الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ‌[3] فَإِنْ حَلَفَ فَلَا حَقَّ لَهُ- وَ إِنْ رَدَّ الْيَمِينَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعِي فَلَمْ يَحْلِفْ فَلَا حَقَّ لَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَطْلُوبُ بِالْحَقِّ قَدْ مَاتَ وَ أُقِيمَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْبَيِّنَةُ فَعَلَى الْمُدَّعِي الْيَمِينُ بِاللَّهِ

I asked the Sheikh, meaning Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as), "Inform me about a man who claims a right against another man but has no evidence to prove his claim." Imam (as) said: "The defendant must take an oath. If he swears, then the claimant has no right. However, if the defendant refers the oath back to the cla

كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع‌ هَلْ تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ الْوَصِيِّ لِلْمَيِّتِ بِدَيْنٍ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَعَ شَاهِدٍ آخَرَ عَدْلٍ فَوَقَّعَ ع إِذَا شَهِدَ مَعَهُ آخَرُ عَدْلٌ فَعَلَى الْمُدَّعِي يَمِينٌ‌[2] وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَ يَجُوزُ لِلْوَصِيِّ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ لِوَارِثِ الْمَيِّتِ صَغِيراً أَوْ كَبِيراً بِحَقٍّ لَهُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ

Hadith.3362 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) have mercy on him, wrote to Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (as): "Is the testimony of the executor (al-wasi) for the deceased regarding a debt owed to him by a man acceptable along with another just witness?" Imam (as) replied: "If another just witness testi

لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَوْلُ النَّاسِ الضَّامِنُ غَارِمٌ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الضَّامِنِ غُرْمٌ إِنَّمَا الْغُرْمُ عَلَى مَنْ أَكَلَ الْمَالَ‌[3].

Hadith.3408 - Abu Ayyub asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who transfers a debt to another man (through a payment order or promissory note). Does the original debtor still remain liable for the payment? Imam (as) replied: "No, he does not return to him (for payment) at all, except if the one to whom the debt was trans