Hajj & Pilgrimage

لَهُ إِنِّي حَجَجْتُ وَ أَنَا مُخَالِفٌ وَ حَجَجْتُ حَجَّتِي هَذِهِ وَ قَدْ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيَّ بِمَعْرِفَتِكُمْ وَ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ الَّذِي كُنْتُ فِيهِ كَانَ بَاطِلًا فَمَا تَرَى فِي حَجَّتِي قَالَ اجْعَلْ هَذِهِ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ تِلْكَ نَافِلَةً[1].

I said to him: "I performed Hajj while I was a dissenter, and now I have performed this Hajj after Allah (swt), the Exalted, has blessed me with the knowledge of you (Ahlulbayt). I have come to know that what I was upon was false. What is your view of my previous Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "Make this [current] Hajj the Haj

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَمُرُّ مُجْتَازاً يُرِيدُ الْيَمَنَ أَوْ غَيْرَهَا مِنَ الْبُلْدَانِ وَ طَرِيقُهُ بِمَكَّةَ فَيُدْرِكُ النَّاسَ وَ هُمْ يَخْرُجُونَ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَيَخْرُجُ مَعَهُمْ إِلَى الْمَشَاهِدِ أَ يُجْزِيهِ ذَلِكَ عَنْ حَجَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَ نَعَمْ‌[2].

Hadith.2885 - Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "A man passes through on his way to Yemen or another city, and his route takes him through Mecca. He finds people preparing to go out for Hajj, so he joins them and performs the rites. Does this suffice as the Hajj of Islam for him?" Imam (as) rep

كُلَّمَا أَصَابَ الْعَبْدُ الْمُحْرِمُ فِي إِحْرَامِهِ فَهُوَ عَلَى السَّيِّدِ إِذَا أَذِنَ لَهُ فِي الْإِحْرَامِ[4].

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع فَقُلْتُ تَكُونُ عِنْدِي الْجَوَارِي وَ أَنَا بِمَكَّةَ فَآمُرُهُنَّ أَنْ يَعْقِدْنَ بِالْحَجِ‌[1] يَوْمَ التَّرْوِيَةِ فَأَخْرُجُ بِهِنَّ فَيَشْهَدْنَ الْمَنَاسِكَ أَوْ أُخَلِّفُهُنَّ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ خَرَجْتَ بِهِنَّ فَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ وَ إِنْ خَلَّفْتَهُنَّ عِنْدَ ثِقَةٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَى الْمَمْلُوكِ حَجٌّ وَ لَا عُمْرَةٌ حَتَّى يُعْتَقَ‌[2].

I asked Abu al-Hasan (as): "I have female servants with me in Mecca. Should I instruct them to enter into the state of Ihram for Hajj on the Day of Tarwiyah and take them out to witness the rites, or should I leave them behind in Mecca?" Imam (as) said: "If you take them out with you, that is better. However, if you le

وَ رَوَى مِسْمَعُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ لَوْ أَنَّ عَبْداً حَجَّ عَشْرَ حِجَجٍ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ إِذَا اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ سَبِيلًا[3].

"If a servant performs ten Hajj pilgrimages, the Hajj of Islam is still obligatory upon them when they become capable of fulfilling it."

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ النَّضْرِ[4] عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ الْمَمْلُوكَ إِنْ حَجَّ وَ هُوَ مَمْلُوكٌ أَجْزَأَهُ إِذَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُعْتَقَ وَ إِنْ أُعْتِقَ فَعَلَيْهِ الْحَجُّ.

"If a servant performs Hajj while still in servitude, it suffices for them if they die before being freed. However, if they are freed, then Hajj becomes obligatory upon them."

أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنْ أُمِّ وَلَدٍ تَكُونُ لِلرَّجُلِ قَدْ أَحَجَّهَا أَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ عَنْهَا مِنْ حَجَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ لَهَا أَجْرٌ فِي حَجِّهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ.

Hadith.2890 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated: I asked Abu Ibrahim (as) about a concubine (umm walad) of a man whom he had sent for Hajj. "Does that suffice for her as the Hajj of Islam?" Imam (as) said: "No." I asked: "Does she have any reward for her Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "Yes."

يُجْزِي عَنِ الْعَبْدِ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ يُكْتَبُ لِلسَّيِّدِ أَجْرَانِ ثَوَابُ الْعِتْقِ وَ ثَوَابُ الْحَجِ‌[2].

Hadith.2891 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Shihab, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who freed his servant on the eve of Arafah. Imam (as) said: "The Hajj of Islam suffices for the servant, and the master is rewarded twice: once for the act of freeing the servant and once for the reward of the Hajj."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَمْلُوكٌ أُعْتِقَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ قَالَ إِذَا أَدْرَكَ أَحَدَ الْمَوْقِفَيْنِ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ الْحَجَ‌[3].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "A servant was freed on the Day of Arafah." Imam (as) said: "If he reaches one of the two stations (Arafah or Muzdalifah), then he has caught the Hajj."

لَيْسَ لَهُمْ مَا يَذْبَحُونَ عَنْهُ‌[3] قَالَ يُذْبَحُ عَنِ الصِّغَارِ وَ يَصُومُ الْكِبَارُ[4] وَ يُتَّقَى عَلَيْهِمْ‌[5] مَا يُتَّقَى عَلَى الْمُحْرِمِ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ وَ الطِّيبِ فَإِنْ قَتَلَ صَيْداً فَعَلَى أَبِيهِ‌[6].

"If a man takes his young child for Hajj, he instructs him to recite the Talbiyah and obligates the Hajj upon him. If the child cannot recite the Talbiyah properly, the father recites it on his behalf. The child is carried for Tawaf, and prayers are performed on his behalf." I asked: "What if they do not have the means

كَانَ أَبِي ع يُجَرِّدُهُمْ مِنْ فَخٍ‌[8].

Abu Abdullah (as) was asked: "From where are the children stripped (for Ihram)?" Imam (as) said: "My father (as) used to strip them at Fakh."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ مَعِي صِبْيَةً صِغَاراً وَ أَنَا أَخَافُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَرْدَ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ يُحْرِمُونَ فَقَالَ ائْتِ بِهِمُ الْعَرْجَ‌[2] فَلْيُحْرِمُوا مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ الْعَرْجَ وَقَعْتَ فِي تِهَامَةَ[3] ثُمَّ قَالَ فَإِنْ خِفْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَائْتِ بِهِمُ الْجُحْفَةَ[4].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I have young children with me, and I fear the cold for them. From where should they enter the state of Ihram?" Imam (as) said: "Take them to Al-‘Arj, and let them enter Ihram from there, for when you reach Al-‘Arj, you will have entered Tihamah." Then Imam (as) added: "If you still fear fo

وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ انْظُرُوا مَنْ كَانَ مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الصِّبْيَانِ فَقَدِّمُوهُ إِلَى الْجُحْفَةِ أَوْ إِلَى بَطْنِ مَرٍّ[5] وَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِمْ مَا يُصْنَعُ بِالْمُحْرِمِ وَ يُطَافُ بِهِمْ وَ يُرْمَى عَنْهُمْ وَ مَنْ لَا يَجِدُ الْهَدْيَ مِنْهُمْ فَلْيَصُمْ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَضَعُ السِّكِّينَ فِي يَدِ الصَّبِيِّ ثُمَّ يَقْبِضُ عَلَ

"Look at the children who are with you. Take them to Al-Juhfah or Batn Marr, and treat them as you would treat those in the state of Ihram. Perform Tawaf for them, throw (the pebbles) on their behalf, and if they cannot offer the sacrifice, their guardian should fast on their behalf. Imam Ali ibn Al-Husayn (as) used to

عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ‌ عَنْهُمْ‌[1] قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُمْ دَرَاهِمَ فَبَعْضُهُمْ ضَحَّى وَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَمْسَكَ الدَّرَاهِمَ وَ صَامَ قَالَ قَدْ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُمْ وَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهَا[2] قَالَ قَالَ وَ لَوْ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَهُمْ فَصَامُوا كَانَ قَدْ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُمْ‌[3].

Hadith.2897 - It was narrated that Sama'ah asked Imam (as) about a man who instructed his servants to perform Tamattu‘ (Umrah and Hajj combined). Imam (as) said: "It is incumbent upon him to offer the sacrifice on their behalf." I said: "What if he gave them dirhams, and some of them offered the sacrifice while others

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ ابْنِ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ يَحُجُّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ إِذَا احْتَلَمَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْجَارِيَةُ عَلَيْهَا الْحَجُّ إِذَا طَمِثَتْ‌[4].

I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about a ten-year-old boy performing Hajj. Imam (as) said: "The Hajj of Islam becomes obligatory upon him if he reaches puberty, and likewise for a girl—it becomes obligatory upon her when she begins menstruating."

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِيَ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ مَتَى يُحْرَمُ بِهِ قَالَ إِذَا اثَّغَرَ[5].

I asked Abu Ja'far al-Thani, Imam Muhammad al-Jawad (as) about when a child should be entered into the state of Ihram. Imam (as) said: "When they begin to grow teeth."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الصَّبِيُّ إِذَا حُجَّ بِهِ فَقَدْ قَضَى حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ وَ الْعَبْدُ إِذَا حُجَّ بِهِ فَقَدْ قَضَى حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ حَتَّى يُعْتَقَ‌[7].

I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "If a child is taken for Hajj, it does not fulfill the Hajj of Islam when they grow up. Similarly, if a servant is taken for Hajj, it does not fulfill the Hajj of Islam until they are freed."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَحُجُّ بِدَيْنٍ وَ قَدْ حَجَّ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَيَقْضِي عَنْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‌[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who performs Hajj with borrowed money and has already performed the Hajj of Islam. Imam (as) said: "Yes, and Allah (swt), the Exalted, will settle his debt, God willing."

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ يَسْتَقْرِضُ وَ يَحُجُّ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَجْهٌ فِي مَالٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ‌[4].

I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about a man who has debt but borrows money to perform Hajj. Imam (as) said: "If he has a means to repay the debt, there is no harm in it."

لَهُ هَلْ يَسْتَقْرِضُ الرَّجُلُ وَ يَحُجُّ إِذَا كَانَ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ مَا يُؤَدَّى بِهِ عَنْهُ إِذَا حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

I asked him: "Can a man borrow money to perform Hajj if he has resources left behind to settle the debt in case something happens to him?" Imam (as) said: "Yes."

لِلرِّضَا ع الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ وَ يَحْضُرُهُ الشَّيْ‌ءُ[7] أَ يَقْضِي دَيْنَهُ أَوْ يَحُجُّ قَالَ يَقْضِي بِبَعْضٍ وَ يَحُجُّ بِبَعْضٍ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِقَدْرِ نَفَقَةِ الْحَجِّ قَالَ يَقْضِي سَنَةً وَ يَحُجُّ سَنَةً قُلْتُ أُعْطِيَ‌ الْمَالَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ السُّلْطَانِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ‌[1].

I said to Al-Ridha (as): "A man has debt, and some wealth comes to him. Should he pay his debt or perform Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "He should pay part of it toward his debt and use part for Hajj." I said: "What if the amount is only sufficient for the expenses of Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "Let him pay his debt one year and

وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ ذُو دَيْنٍ فَأَتَدَيَّنُ وَ أَحُجُّ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ هُوَ أَقْضَى لِلدَّيْنِ‌[2].

Hadith.2905 - A man asked Abu Abdullah (as): "I am a man in debt. Should I borrow money and perform Hajj?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, it is more effective in settling the debt."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَكُونُ عَلَيَّ الدَّيْنُ فَيَقَعُ فِي يَدِيَ الدَّرَاهِمُ فَإِنْ وَزَّعْتُهَا بَيْنَهُمْ لَمْ يَقَعْ شَيْئاً[3] أَ فَأَحُجُّ أَوْ أُوَزِّعُهَا بَيْنَ الْغُرَمَاءِ قَالَ حُجَّ بِهَا وَ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ عَنْكَ دَيْنَكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‌[4].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I have debt, and some dirhams come into my possession. If I divide them among my creditors, they will not settle anything significant. Should I use them for Hajj, or should I distribute them among the creditors?" Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj with them, and pray to Allah (swt) to help you

تَحُجُّ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَهَا[1].

I asked him about a woman who has a husband, has not performed Hajj before (ṣarūra), and her husband does not permit her to go for Hajj. Imam (as) said: "She should perform Hajj, even if he does not permit her."

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ‌[2] عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ‌ تَحُجُّ وَ إِنْ رَغِمَ أَنْفُهُ‌[3].

Hadith.2908 - In a narration from Abdul-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), Imam (as) said: "She should perform Hajj, even if it displeases him."

نَعَمْ‌[4] يَقُولُ لَهَا حَقِّي عَلَيْكِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَقِّكِ عَلَيَّ فِي ذَا[5].

I asked him about a wealthy woman who had already performed the Hajj of Islam but said to her husband, "Take me for Hajj again." Can he prevent her from going? Imam (as) said: "Yes, he can say to her, 'My right over you is greater than your right over me in this matter.'"

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَخْرُجُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ بِغَيْرِ وَلِيٍّ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ تَخْرُجُ مَعَ قَوْمٍ ثِقَاتٍ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman traveling to Mecca without a guardian. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if she travels with trustworthy people."

نَعَمْ إِذَا كَانَتْ مَأْمُونَةً[1].

Hadith.2911 - In a narration from Hisham, from Sulayman ibn Khalid, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a woman who wants to perform Hajj but does not have a mahram (close male relative), he (as) was asked: "Is it permissible for her to perform Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, if she is trustworthy."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَدْ عَرَفْتَنِي بِعَمَلِي‌[2] تَأْتِينِي الْمَرْأَةُ أَعْرِفُهَا بِإِسْلَامِهَا وَ حُبِّهَا إِيَّاكُمْ وَ وَلَايَتِهَا لَكُمْ لَيْسَ لَهَا مَحْرَمٌ قَالَ إِذَا جَاءَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ الْمُسْلِمَةُ فَاحْمِلْهَا[3] فَإِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ مَحْرَمُ الْمُؤْمِنَةِ ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَ الْمُؤْمِناتُ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِياءُ بَعْضٍ‌.

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "You know my profession. A woman comes to me, and I know her to be Muslim, to love you, and to hold your guardianship (wilayah), but she has no mahram (close male relative)." Imam (as) said: "If a Muslim woman comes, then take her, for a believer is a mahram for a believing woman." He then

الْمُطَلَّقَةُ تَحُجُّ فِي عِدَّتِهَا[4].

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي يُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَ تَحُجُّ فِي عِدَّتِهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman whose husband has passed away: "Can she perform Hajj during her waiting period ('iddah)?" Imam (as) said: "Yes."

إِنْ مَاتَ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْهُ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ دُونَ الْحَرَمِ فَلْيَقْضِ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ‌[1].

Hadith.2915 - Ali ibn Ri'ab narrated from Durays, from Abu Ja'far (as), regarding a man who set out to perform the Hajj of Islam but died on the way. Imam (as) said: "If he died within the sacred precinct (haram), it suffices as the Hajj of Islam. But if he died outside the haram, his heir should perform the Hajj of Is

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ حَاجّاً وَ مَعَهُ جَمَلٌ لَهُ وَ نَفَقَةٌ وَ زَادٌ فَمَاتَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ صَرُورَةً ثُمَّ مَاتَ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْهُ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ وَ هُوَ صَرُورَةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ‌[4] جُعِلَ جَمَلُهُ وَ زَادُهُ وَ نَفَقَتُهُ وَ مَا مَعَهُ فِي حَجَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ- فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَهُوَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ إِنْ لَمْ يَك

I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about a man who set out for Hajj with his camel, provisions, and expenses, but died on the way. Imam (as) said: "If he was a ṣarūra (someone who had not performed the Hajj of Islam) and died within the haram, it suffices as the Hajj of Islam. If he died as a ṣarūra before entering into Ihram, hi

هُمْ أَحَقُّ بِمِيرَاثِهِ إِنْ شَاءُوا أَكَلُوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا حَجُّوا عَنْهُ‌[4].

Hadith.2917 - Harun ibn Hamzah al-Ghanawi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who died without performing the Hajj of Islam and left behind only enough wealth for the expenses of Hajj, and he had heirs. Imam (as) said: "They have the greater right to his inheritance. If they wish, they may use it for themse

إِنْ كَانَ صَرُورَةً فَهِيَ مِنْ صُلْبِ مَالِهِ إِنَّمَا هِيَ دَيْنٌ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ حَجَّ فَهِيَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ‌[6].

Hadith.2918 - It was narrated from Harith, the seller of mats, that Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who had instructed in his will that a Hajj be performed on his behalf. Imam (as) said: "If he was a ṣarūra (someone who had not performed the Hajj of Islam), it should be taken from the principal of his estate, a

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ ابْنَتِي أَوْصَتْ بِحَجَّةٍ وَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَالَ فَحُجَّ عَنْهَا فَإِنَّهَا لَكَ وَ لَهَا قُلْتُ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَالَ حُجَّ عَنْهَا فَإِنَّهَا لَكَ وَ لَهَا[2].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "My daughter instructed in her will for a Hajj to be performed, but she did not perform Hajj during her lifetime." Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj on her behalf; the reward will be for both you and her." I said: "My mother passed away and did not perform Hajj." Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj o

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ أَوْصَتْ بِمَالٍ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الْعِتْقِ فَقَالَ ابْدَأْ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِنَّهُ مَفْرُوضٌ فَإِنْ بَقِيَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَاجْعَلْ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ طَائِفَةً وَ فِي الْعِتْقِ طَائِفَةً[3].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman who instructed in her will for her wealth to be used for charity, Hajj, and freeing slaves. Imam (as) said: "Begin with Hajj, for it is obligatory. If anything remains, allocate a portion for charity and a portion for freeing slaves."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ وَالِدَتِي تُوُفِّيَتْ وَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَالَ يَحُجُّ عَنْهَا رَجُلٌ أَوِ امْرَأَةٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَيُّهُمْ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَ‌[5].

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "My mother passed away and did not perform Hajj." Imam (as) said: "A man or a woman may perform Hajj on her behalf." I asked: "Which is more preferable to you?" Imam (as) said: "A man is more preferable to me."

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَحُجَّ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ لَمْ يُوصِ بِهَا أَ يُقْضَى عَنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ‌[7].

I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about a man who died without performing the Hajj of Islam and did not include it in his will. Should it be performed on his behalf? Imam (as) said: "Yes."

حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِحَجَّةٍ فَجَعَلَهَا وَصِيُّهُ فِي نَسَمَةٍ قَالَ يَغْرَمُهَا وَصِيُّهُ وَ يَجْعَلُهَا فِي حَجَّةٍ كَمَا أَوْصَى فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- فَمَنْ بَدَّلَهُ بَعْدَ ما سَمِعَهُ فَإِنَّما إِثْمُهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يُبَدِّلُونَهُ‌[2].

Hadith.2923 - Ibn Muskan narrated, who said that Abu Sa'id reported from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about a man who instructed in his will for a Hajj to be performed on his behalf, but his executor used the funds for another purpose. Imam (as) said: "The executor must bear the cost himself and ensure that it is us

أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَدْ عَتَقَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا[3] تَحُجُّ عَنْهَا.

I sent a message to Abu Abdullah (as) asking about the mother of a woman who was a concubine (umm walad). She had passed away, and the woman wanted to perform Hajj on her behalf. Imam (as) said: "Did she not gain her freedom through her child? She may perform Hajj on her behalf."

كَتَبَ عَمْرُو بْنُ سَعِيدٍ السَّابَاطِيُ‌[4] إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ أَنْ يُحِجَّ عَنْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ رِجَالٍ فَيَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِنَفْسِهِ حَجَّةً مِنْهَا فَوَقَّعَ ع بِخَطِّهِ وَ قَرَأْتُهُ حُجَّ عَنْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَإِنَّ لَكَ مِثْلَ أَجْرِهِ- وَ لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أَجْرِهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‌[1].

Hadith.2925 - Amr ibn Sa’id al-Sabati wrote to Abu Ja’far (as) asking about a man who had instructed in his will that Hajj be performed on his behalf by three different individuals. He asked if it was permissible for him to take one of those Hajj allocations for himself. Imam (as) wrote back in his handwriting, and I r

أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ خَالِصَةً لِوَاحِدٍ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَا تَكْفِيهِ فَلَا يَأْخُذْهَا.

I instructed someone to ask Abu al-Hasan (as) about a man who accepts funds for Hajj from one person, but it is insufficient. Can he then take another Hajj fund from a different person to cover the costs, allowing it to suffice for both of them? Or should he abandon both if one is insufficient? Imam (as) replied: "It i

لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَوْصَى بِعِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً فِي حَجَّةٍ فَقَالَ يَحُجُّ بِهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ حَيْثُ يَبْلُغُهُ‌[4].

Hadith.2927 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Abu Basir, from someone who asked Imam (as): I said to him: "A man instructed in his will to allocate twenty dinars for a Hajj." Imam (as) said: "A man should perform Hajj with it from wherever the amount suffices for him to begin."

وَ كَتَبَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع‌ أُعْلِمُكَ يَا مَوْلَايَ أَنَّ مَوْلَاكَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مَهْزِيَارَ أَوْصَى أَنْ يُحَجَّ عَنْهُ مِنْ ضَيْعَةٍ صَيَّرَ رُبُعَهَا لَكَ حَجَّةٌ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ بِعِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ إِنَّهُ مُنْذُ انْقَطَعَ طَرِيقُ الْبَصْرَةِ تَضَاعَفَتِ الْمَئُونَةُ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَلَيْسَ يَكْتَفُونَ بِعِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ كَذَلِكَ أَوْصَى عِدَّةٌ مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ فِ

Hadith.2928 - Ibrahim ibn Mahziyar wrote to Abu Muhammad (as): "I inform you, my master, that your servant Ali ibn Mahziyar instructed in his will that Hajj be performed on his behalf from a property, a quarter of which he dedicated for this purpose, allocating one Hajj every year with twenty dinars. However, since the

وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحُضَيْنِيُ‌ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَمِّي أَوْصَى أَنْ يُحَجَّ عَنْهُ بِخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ دِينَاراً فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ فَلَيْسَ يَكْفِي فَمَا تَأْمُرُنِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ ع تَجْعَلُ حَجَّتَيْنِ فِي حَجَّةٍ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَالِمٌ بِذَلِكَ.

Hadith.2929 - Ali ibn Muhammad al-Hudhayni wrote to Imam (as): "My cousin instructed in his will that Hajj be performed on his behalf every year with fifteen dinars, but this amount is not sufficient. What do you command me to do in this matter?" Imam (as) wrote back: "Combine two Hajj pilgrimages into one, God willing

حُجَّ عَنْهُ وَ مَا فَضَلَ فَأَعْطِهِمْ‌[3].

I asked him about a man who entrusted me with some money, but he died without leaving anything for his children, and he had not performed the Hajj of Islam. Imam (as) said: "Perform Hajj on his behalf, and whatever remains, give it to his children."

يَحُجُّ عَنْهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ أَبُوهُ قَدْ حَجَّ كُتِبَ لِأَبِيهِ نَافِلَةٌ وَ لِلِابْنِ فَرِيضَةٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ حَجَّ أَبُوهُ كُتِبَ لِأَبِيهِ فَرِيضَةٌ وَ لِلِابْنِ نَافِلَةٌ[2].

Hadith.2931 - Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who passed away and left behind a son, but it was not known whether the father had performed Hajj. Imam (as) said: "The son should perform Hajj on his behalf. If the father had already performed Hajj, it will be recorded as a supererogatory act (nafl) for the father

نَعَمْ الْمُتْعَةُ لَهُ وَ الْحَجُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ‌[2].

I asked him about a man who performs Hajj on behalf of his father. Should he perform Tamattu‘ (Umrah and Hajj combined)? Imam (as) said: "Yes, the Tamattu‘ is for him, and the Hajj is on behalf of his father."

أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ وَ مَنْ كانَ فِي هذِهِ أَعْمى‌ فَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ أَعْمى‌ وَ أَضَلُّ سَبِيلًا فَقَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِيمَنْ سَوَّفَ الْحَجَ‌[3] حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يَحُجُّ بِهِ فَقَالَ الْعَامَ أَحُجُّ الْعَامَ أَحُجُّ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحُجَّ.

Hadith.2933 - Muhammad ibn al-Fudhayl narrated: I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about the words of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And whoever is blind in this [life] will be blind in the Hereafter and more astray in way" (Surah Al-Isra 17:72). Imam (as) said: "This verse was revealed concerning those who procrastinate the Hajj o