Book of Marriage (nikah)

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَا تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى عَمَّتِهَا وَ لَا عَلَى خَالَتِهَا وَ لَا عَلَى أُخْتِهَا مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ[1] قَالَ وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع ذَكَرَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ابْنَةَ حَمْزَةَ فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا ابْنَةُ أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ حَمْزَةُ- قَدْ رَضَعَا مِنْ لَبَنِ امْرَأَةٍ[1].

Hadith.4436 - And it is narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Ali ibn Ri'ab, from Abu Ubaydah Al-Hadhdha' that he said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "A woman cannot be married alongside her paternal aunt, nor alongside her maternal aunt, nor alongside her sister through breastfeeding." Imam (as) also said: "Indeed,

لَا تَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى خَالَتِهَا وَ تُزَوَّجُ الْخَالَةُ عَلَى ابْنَةِ أُخْتِهَا[2].

"A woman cannot be married alongside her maternal aunt, but the maternal aunt can be married alongside the daughter of her sister."

لَا تُنْكَحُ ابْنَةُ الْأَخِ وَ لَا ابْنَةُ الْأُخْتِ عَلَى عَمَّتِهَا وَ لَا عَلَى خَالَتِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِمَا وَ تُنْكَحُ الْعَمَّةُ وَ الْخَالَةُ عَلَى ابْنَةِ الْأَخِ وَ ابْنَةِ الْأُخْتِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِمَا[3].

"The daughter of a brother and the daughter of a sister cannot be married alongside their paternal or maternal aunt except with their permission. However, the paternal and maternal aunt can be married alongside the daughter of a brother or the daughter of a sister without requiring their permission."

نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهَا بِأَغْلَى الثَّمَنِ‌[4].

Hadith.4439 - And Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who intends to marry a woman, can he look at her hair? Imam (as) said: "Yes, because he desires to acquire her for the highest price."

لَا يُدْخَلُ‌ بِالْجَارِيَةِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ لَهَا تِسْعُ سِنِينَ أَوْ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ‌[1].

"A girl should not be consummated with until she reaches nine or ten years of age."

وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ مَنْ دَخَلَ بِامْرَأَةٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ فَأَصَابَهَا عَيْبٌ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ" -

Hadith.4441 - And it is narrated: "Whoever has intercourse with a woman before she reaches nine years of age, and she suffers harm, he is liable (for compensation)."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكَةً لَهُ وَ جَعَلَ عِتْقَهَا صَدَاقَهَا[3] ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَقَالَ قَدْ مَضَى عِتْقُهَا وَ يَرْتَجِعُ عَلَيْهَا سَيِّدُهَا بِنِصْفِ قِيمَةِ ثَمَنِهَا تَسْعَى فِيهَا- وَ لَا عِدَّةَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who freed his female slave and made her emancipation her dowry, then divorced her before consummating the marriage. Imam (as) said: "Her emancipation has taken effect, and her master reclaims half of her value, which she must work to pay off. She has no waiting period ('iddah) upon

يَسْتَسْعِيهَا فِي نِصْفِ قِيمَتِهَا فَإِنْ أَبَتْ كَانَ لَهَا يَوْمٌ وَ لَهُ يَوْمٌ فِي الْخِدْمَةِ قَالَ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ وَ لَهُ مَالٌ أَدَّى عَنْهَا نِصْفَ قِيمَتِهَا وَ عَتَقَتْ.

Hadith.4443 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Yunus ibn Yaqub, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who freed his female slave and made her emancipation her dowry, then divorced her before consummating the marriage. Imam (as) said: "He makes her work to pay off half of her value. If she refuses, then s

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِأَمَتِهِ أَعْتَقْتُكِ وَ جَعَلْتُ عِتْقَكِ مَهْرَكِ قَالَ عَتَقَتْ وَ هِيَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَتْ تَزَوَّجَتْهُ وَ إِنْ شَاءَتْ فَلَا فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَتْهُ فَلْيُعْطِهَا شَيْئاً فَإِنْ قَالَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجْتُكِ وَ جَعَلْتُ مَهْرَكِ عِتْقَكِ فَإِنَّ النِّكَاحَ وَاقِعٌ وَ لَا يُعْطِيهَا شَيْئاً[4].

Hadith.4444 - Ali ibn Jafar narrated from his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) that he said: I asked him about a man who said to his female slave, "I have freed you and made your emancipation your dowry." Imam (as) replied: "She is freed, and she has the choice, if she wishes, she may marry him, and if she wi

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَضَعُ أَ يَحِلُّ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَطْهُرَ[1] قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَيْسَ لِزَوْجِهَا أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا حَتَّى تَطْهُرَ[2].

Hadith.4445 - Ibn Abi Umair narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): I asked him about a woman who gives birth, does it become permissible for her to marry before she purifies (from postnatal bleeding)? Imam (as) replied: "Yes, it is permissible. However, her husband must not consummate th

يَأْخُذُهَا وَ يَأْخُذُ قِيمَةَ وَلَدِهَا.

Hadith.4446 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who married a woman under the assumption that she was free, but then another man came forward and presented evidence proving that she was his slave, what is the ruling? Imam (as) said: "He (the rightful owner) t

الْأُمُّ وَ الِابْنَةُ فِي هَذَا سَوَاءٌ إِذَا لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِإِحْدَاهُمَا حَلَّتْ لَهُ الْأُخْرَى‌[3].

Hadith.4447 - In a narration by Jamil ibn Darraj: Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who married a woman and then divorced her before consummating the marriage. Is it permissible for him to marry her daughter? Imam (as) said: "The mother and the daughter are equal in this matter. If he did not consummate the marri

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ الرَّبَائِبُ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ كُنَّ فِي الْحَجْرِ أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنَ‌[1].

Hadith.4448 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Stepdaughters are prohibited for you, whether they were raised in your household or not."

فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى حُكْمِهَا أَوْ عَلَى حُكْمِهِ‌[2] فَمَاتَ أَوْ مَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ لَهَا الْمُتْعَةُ[3] وَ الْمِيرَاثُ وَ لَا مَهْرَ لَهَا قَالَ وَ إِنْ طَلَّقَهَا وَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهَا لَمْ يَتَجَاوَزْ بِحُكْمِهَا عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ‌[4] مُهُورِ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص.

Hadith.4449 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding a man who married a woman based on her terms or his terms, and then he or she died before consummation. Imam (as) said: "She is entitled to a gift (mut'ah) and inheritance,

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً بِحُكْمِهَا ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحْكُمَ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ وَ هِيَ تَرِثُ‌[6].

Hadith.4450 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Abu Ja'far with reference to Mird'ah: I said to Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who married a woman based on her terms but then died before she made her decision (regarding the terms). Imam (as) said: "She is not entitled to a dowry (sadaq), but she inherits from him."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ بِامْرَأَةٍ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَزَنَى مَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ يُجْلَدُ الْحَدَّ وَ يُحْلَقُ رَأْسُهُ وَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِهِ وَ يُنْفَى سَنَةً[1].

Hadith.4451 - Ali ibn Ja'far narrated from his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as): I asked Imam (as) about a man who married a woman but did not consummate the marriage and then committed adultery. Imam (as) said: "He shall be lashed with the prescribed punishment (hadd), his head shall be shaved, he shall be s

قَرَأْتُ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع‌ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ فَزَنَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ لِأَنَّهُ زَانٍ‌[2] وَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ يُعْطِيهَا نِصْفَ الْمَهْرِ.

"I read in the book of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): 'If a man marries a woman and commits adultery before consummating the marriage, she does not remain lawful for him because he is an adulterer. They shall be separated, and he must give her half of the dowry.'"

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا زَنَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا زَوْجُهَا قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا لِأَنَّ الْحَدَثَ مِنْ قِبَلِهَا[3].

Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said regarding a woman who commits adultery before her husband consummates the marriage: "They shall be separated, and she is not entitled to a dowry because the offense originated from her."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَزَنَتْ قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ تُحَدُّ الْحَدَّ وَ لَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا.

Hadith.4454 - In a narration from Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Al-Fadl ibn Yunus, he said: I asked Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man who married a woman but did not consummate the marriage, and then she committed adultery. Imam (as) said: "They shall be separated, she shall receive the prescribed

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يُصِيبُ مِنْ أُخْتِ امْرَأَتِهِ حَرَاماً أَ يُحَرِّمُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْحَرَامَ لَا يُفْسِدُ الْحَلَالَ‌[4] وَ الْحَلَالُ يَصْلُحُ بِهِ الْحَرَامُ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who commits a forbidden act with his wife's sister. Does this make his wife forbidden to him? Imam (as) said: "Indeed, the forbidden does not invalidate the lawful, and the lawful rectifies the forbidden."

سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَةٌ[1] فَزَنَى بِأُمِّهَا أَوْ بِابْنَتِهَا أَوْ بِأُخْتِهَا فَقَالَ مَا حَرَّمَ حَرَامٌ قَطُّ حَلَالًا امْرَأَتُهُ لَهُ حَلَالٌ وَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِذَا زَنَى رَجُلٌ بِامْرَأَةٍ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ بِهَا بَعْدُ وَ ضَرَبَ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ مَثَلَ رَجُلٍ سَرَقَ مِنْ تَمْرَةِ نَخْلَةٍ ثُمَّ اشْتَرَاهَا بَعْدُ[2] وَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بَعْدُ أُمَّهَا أَوِ ابْنَتَهَا أَوْ أ

Hadith.4456 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Zurara ibn Ayan, who reported from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): He was asked about a man who had a wife and then committed fornication with her mother, her daughter, or her sister. Imam (as) said: "No unlawful act has ever rendered lawful acts unlawful. His w

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ ثُمَّ أَرَادَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَقَالَ إِذَا تَابَتْ حَلَّتْ لَهُ قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ تُعْرَفُ تَوْبَتُهَا قَالَ يَدْعُوهَا إِلَى مَا كَانَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ فَإِنِ امْتَنَعَتْ فَاسْتَغْفَرَتْ رَبَّهَا عَرَفَ تَوْبَتَهَا[5].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who committed fornication with a woman and then later wanted to marry her. Imam (as) said: "If she repents, she becomes lawful for him." I asked: "And how can her repentance be known?" Imam (as) replied: "He should invite her to engage in the same unlawful act they previously committed. If

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً بِالْعِرَاقِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَتَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً أُخْرَى فَإِذَا هِيَ أُخْتُ امْرَأَتِهِ الَّتِي بِالْعِرَاقِ قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَهَا بِالشَّامِ وَ لَا يَقْرَبُ الْعِرَاقِيَّةَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّةُ الشَّامِيَّةِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَ أُمَّهَا وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهَا أُمُّهَا فَقَالَ قَدْ وَض

I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who married a woman in Iraq, then traveled to Syria and married another woman, only to later discover that she was the sister of his wife in Iraq. Imam (as) said: "He must separate from the one he married in Syria, and he cannot approach the one in Iraq

خَالَفَ أَمْرَهُ وَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُورِ نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ لِأَهْلِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ لَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا مِيرَاثَ بَيْنَهُمَا[2] فَقَالَ بَعْضُ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ فَإِنْ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ امْرَأَةً وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ أَرْضاً وَ لَا قَبِيلَةً ثُمَّ جَحَدَ الْآمِرُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَمَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ بَعْدَ مَا زَوَّجَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لِلْمَأْمُورِ بَيِّنَةٌ أَنَّهُ كَانَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ بِزَوْجَةٍ

Hadith.4459 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Malik ibn Atiyyah, from Abu Ubaydah, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as): Regarding a man who instructed another man to marry him to a woman from the people of Basra, from the tribe of Banu Tamim, but the intermediary instead married him to a woman from the people of Kufa

يُمْسِكُ أَيَّتَهُمَا شَاءَ وَ يُخَلِّي سَبِيلَ الْأُخْرَى‌[4] وَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ خَمْساً فِي عَقْدَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ قَالَ يُخَلِّي سَبِيلَ أَيَّتِهِنَّ شَاءَ[5].

Hadith.4460 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Jamil ibn Darraj, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who married two sisters in a single contract. Imam (as) said: "He should keep whichever one he wishes and release the other." And regarding a man who married five women in a single contract. Imam (as) said: "

فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَ تَحْتَهُ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ فَطَلَّقَ وَاحِدَةً مِنْهُنَّ ثُمَّ نَكَحَ أُخْرَى قَبْلَ أَنْ تَسْتَكْمِلَ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ عِدَّتَهَا فَقَضَى أَنْ تَلْحَقَ الْأَخِيرَةُ بِأَهْلِهَا حَتَّى تَسْتَكْمِلَ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ أَجَلَهَا وَ تَسْتَقْبِلُ الْأُخْرَى عِدَّةً أُخْرَى وَ لَهَا صَدَاقُهَا إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَلَيْسَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ وَ لَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُ ثُمَّ إ

Hadith.4461 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): Regarding a man who had four wives and divorced one of them, then married another woman before the divorced wife had completed her waiting period. Imam (as) ruled: "The latter wife must return to her family until the divorced

سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كُنَّ لَهُ ثَلَاثُ نِسْوَةٍ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً أُخْرَى فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ أَمَةً وَ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَقَالَ إِنْ هُوَ طَلَّقَ الَّتِي لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ أُخْرَى مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ طَلَّقَ مِنَ الثَّلَاثِ النِّسْوَةِ اللَّاتِي دَخَلَ بِهِنَّ وَاحِدَةً لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً أُخْرَى حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِ

Hadith.4462 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Sa'd ibn Abi Khalaf al-Zam and Sinan ibn Tarif, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Imam (as) was asked about a man who had three wives, then married another woman but did not consummate the marriage with her. Later, he wanted to emancipate a bondwoman and marry her. Ima

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ كُنَّ لَهُ‌[4] ثَلَاثُ نِسْوَةٍ فَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهِنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ فِي عَقْدَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَدَخَلَ بِوَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِالَّتِي بَدَأَ بِاسْمِهَا وَ ذَكَرَهَا عِنْدَ عُقْدَةِ النِّكَاحِ فَإِنَّ نِكَاحَهُ جَائِزٌ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي سُمِّيَتْ وَ ذُكِرَتْ بَعْدَ ذِكْر

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who had three wives and then married two more women in a single contract. He consummated the marriage with one of them and then died. Imam (as) said: "If he consummated the marriage with the woman whose name was mentioned first during the marriage contract, then his marriage is val

أَمَّا الْحُرَّةُ فَنِكَاحُهَا جَائِزٌ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَهُوَ لَهَا وَ أَمَّا الْمَمْلُوكَتَانِ فَإِنَّ نِكَاحَهُمَا فِي عَقْدَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ مَعَ الْحُرَّةِ بَاطِلٌ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا[1].

Hadith.4464 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub, from Abu Ubaydah, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): He was asked about a man who married a free woman and two bondwomen in a single contract. Imam (as) said: "As for the free woman, her marriage is valid, and if he specified a dowry for her,

إِذَا اغْتُصِبَتْ أَمَةٌ فَاقْتُضَّتْ‌[2] فَعَلَيْهِ عُشْرُ ثَمَنِهَا فَإِذَا كَانَتْ حُرَّةً فَعَلَيْهِ الصَّدَاقُ.

Hadith.4465 - Talhah ibn Zayd narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Ali (as) said: "If a bondwoman is raped and her virginity is taken, the perpetrator must pay one-tenth of her value. However, if she is a free woman, he must pay the dowry."

قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌[3] فِي رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ أَنَّهُ غَصَبَ رَجُلًا عَلَى جَارِيَتِهِ وَ قَدْ وَلَدَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ مِنَ الْغَاصِبِ قَالَ تُرَدُّ الْجَارِيَةُ وَ وَلَدُهَا عَلَى الْمَغْصُوبِ إِذَا أَقَرَّ بِذَلِكَ أَوْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ[4].

Hadith.4466 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said regarding a man who confessed that he had forcibly taken another man's bondwoman, and the bondwoman had given birth to a child by the usurper: "The bondwoman and her child must be returned to the rightful owner if the usurper has confessed to this or if there is

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ نَكَحَا امْرَأَتَيْنِ فَأُتِيَ هَذَا بِامْرَأَةِ هَذَا وَ هَذَا بِامْرَأَةِ هَذَا قَالَ تَعْتَدُّ هَذِهِ مِنْ هَذَا وَ هَذِهِ مِنْ هَذَا ثُمَّ تَرْجِعُ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا[5].

Hadith.4467 - Al-'Ala' narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who reported from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): I asked Imam (as) about two men who married two women, but each man was mistakenly given the wife of the other. Imam (as) said: "Each woman must observe the waiting period (iddah) from the other m

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ كُنَّ لَهُ ثَلَاثُ بَنَاتٍ أَبْكَارٍ فَزَوَّجَ وَاحِدَةً مِنْهُنَّ رَجُلًا وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ الَّتِي زَوَّجَ لِلزَّوْجِ وَ لَا لِلشُّهُودِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ الزَّوْجُ فَرَضَ لَهَا صَدَاقاً فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَنْ يُدْخُلَ بِهَا عَلَى الزَّوْجِ وَ بَلَغَ الزَّوْجَ أَنَّهَا الْكُبْرَى قَالَ الزَّوْجُ لِأَبِيهَا إِنَّمَا تَزَوَّجْتُ مِنْكَ الصُّغْرَى مِنْ بَنَاتِكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع

I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who had three unmarried daughters. He married one of them to a man but did not specify which daughter to the husband or the witnesses. The husband had already agreed upon a dowry for her. When the time came for the husband to consummate the marriage, he

فِي أُخْتَيْنِ أُهْدِيَتَا لِأَخَوَيْنِ فَأُدْخِلَتِ امْرَأَةُ هَذَا عَلَى هَذَا وَ امْرَأَةُ هَذَا عَلَى هَذَا قَالَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا الصَّدَاقُ بِالْغِشْيَانِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ وَلِيُّهُمَا تَعَمَّدَ ذَلِكَ أُغْرِمَ الصَّدَاقَ وَ لَا يَقْرَبُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا امْرَأَتَهُ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ الْعِدَّةُ فَإِذَا انْقَضَتِ الْعِدَّةُ صَارَتْ كُلُّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُمَا إِلَى زَوْجِهَا الْأَوَّلِ بِالنِّكَاحِ الْأَو

Hadith.4469 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Jamil ibn Salih that Abu Abdullah (as) said regarding two sisters who were given in marriage to two brothers, but each was mistakenly sent to the other brother. Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Each woman is entitled to the dowry due to consummation. If their guardian deliberatel

كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا خَطَبَ إِلَى عَمٍّ لَهُ ابْنَتَهُ فَأَمَرَ بَعْضَ إِخْوَتِهِ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ ابْنَتَهُ الَّتِي خَطَبَهَا وَ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ أَخْطَأَ بِاسْمِ الْجَارِيَةِ وَ كَانَ اسْمُهَا فَاطِمَةَ فَسَمَّاهَا بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهَا وَ لَيْسَ لِلرَّجُلِ ابْنَةٌ بِاسْمِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَ الْمُزَوِّجُ فَوَقَّعَ ع لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌[3].

I wrote to Imam (as) regarding a man who proposed marriage to his uncle's daughter. The uncle instructed one of his brothers to marry his daughter to the man. However, during the marriage contract, the man mistakenly mentioned a different name instead of the daughter's actual name, which was Fatimah. The man did not ha

"لاَ يَحِلُّ اَلنِّكَاحُ اَلْيَوْمَ فِي اَلْإِسْلاَمِ بِإِجَارَةٍ بِأَنْ يَقُولَ أَعْمَلُ عِنْدَكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا سَنَةً عَلَى أَنْ تُزَوِّجَنِي أُخْتَكَ أَوِ اِبْنَتَكَ" قَالَ "هُوَ حَرَامٌ لِأَنَّهُ ثَمَنُ رَقَبَتِهَا وَ هِيَ أَحَقُّ بِمَهْرِهَا".

Hadith.4471 - Ismail ibn Abi Ziyad narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Marriage through employment is not permissible in Islam today, such as when someone says, 'I will work for you for such and such a year in e

سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ خَصِيٍّ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَ هِيَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَصِيٌّ قَالَ جَائِزٌ قِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ مَكَثَ مَعَهَا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا هَلْ عَلَيْهَا عِدَّةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ لَذَّ مِنْهَا وَ لَذَّتْ مِنْهُ قِيلَ لَهُ فَهَلْ كَانَ عَلَيْهَا فِيمَا يَكُونُ مِنْهَا وَ مِنْهُ غُسْلٌ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ أَمْنَتْ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا غُسْلًا قِيلَ لَهُ ف

Hadith.4472 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Jamil ibn Salih from Abu Ubaydah al-Hadhdha' that Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about a eunuch who married a woman, and she was aware that he was a eunuch. Imam (as) said: "It is permissible." It was then asked: "If he remained with her as long a

يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا إِنْ شَاءَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ يُوجَعُ رَأْسُهُ فَإِنْ رَضِيَتْ وَ أَقَامَتْ مَعَهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا بَعْدَ الرِّضَا أَنْ تَأْبَاهُ‌[2].

Hadith.4473 - Ali ibn Ri'ab narrated from Abdullah ibn Bukayr from his father, from one of the Imams (as), regarding a eunuch who deceived a Muslim woman and married her. Imam (as) said: "They shall be separated if the woman so desires, and his head shall be struck as a punishment. However, if she accepts him and decid

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع أُزَوِّجُ أَخِي مِنْ أُمِّي أُخْتِي مِنْ أَبِي فَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع زَوِّجْ إِيَّاهَا إِيَّاهُ- أَوْ زَوِّجْ إِيَّاهُ إِيَّاهَا[1].

I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as): "Can I marry my maternal brother to my paternal sister?" Abu Al-Hasan (as) replied: 'Marry her to him, or marry him to her.'"

خَالَفَتِ السُّنَّةَ وَ وُلِّيَتْ حَقّاً لَيْسَتْ بِأَهْلِهِ فَقَضَى أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ الصَّدَاقَ وَ بِيَدِهِ الْجِمَاعَ وَ الطَّلَاقَ وَ ذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ[3].

Hadith.4475 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Al-Baqir (as): Imam (as) ruled regarding a man who married a woman, and she gave him the dowry herself and stipulated that she would have the authority over intimacy and divorce. Imam (as) said: "She has opposed the Sunnah and has been given a right she is n

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي امْرَأَتَيْنِ نَكَحَ إِحْدَاهُمَا رَجُلٌ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا[4] وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى ثُمَّ خَطَبَ أُخْتَهَا فَنَكَحَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَضَعَ أُخْتُهَا الْمُطَلَّقَةُ وَلَدَهَا فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ‌[5] الْأُخْرَى حَتَّى تَضَعَ أُخْتُهَا الْمُطَلَّقَةُ وَلَدَهَا ثُمَّ يَخْطُبُهَا وَ يُصْدِقُهَا صَدَاقَهَا مَرَّتَيْنِ‌[6].

Hadith.4476 - Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning two sisters: A man married one of them and then divorced her while she was pregnant. He then proposed to and married her sister before the divorced sister gave birth. Imam (as) ordered him to divorce the second sister until the first sister gave birth. After

وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[7] أَنْ تُنْكَحَ الْحُرَّةُ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ وَ لَا تُنْكَحَ الْأَمَةُ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ[8] وَ مَنْ تَزَوَّجَ حُرَّةً عَلَى أَمَةٍ قَسَمَ لِلْحُرَّةِ ضِعْفَيْ مَا يَقْسِمُ‌

Hadith.4477 - Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled: "A free woman may be married before a bondwoman, but a bondwoman may not be married before a free woman." If a man marries a free woman along with a bondwoman, he must allocate to the free woman twice as much from his wealth and time as he allocates to the bondwoman,

يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ يُضْرَبُ ثُمُنَ الْحَدِّ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سَوْطاً وَ نِصْفاً فَإِنْ رَضِيَتِ الْمُسْلِمَةُ ضُرِبَ ثُمُنَ الْحَدِّ وَ لَمْ يُفَرَّقْ بَيْنَهُمَا قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يُضْرَبُ النِّصْفَ قَالَ يُؤْخَذُ السَّوْطُ بِالنِّصْفِ فَيُضْرَبُ بِهِ‌[3].

Hadith.4478 - Imam Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who married a Dhimmi woman (non-Muslim under Muslim protection) while already married to a Muslim woman. Imam (as) said: "They should be separated, and he should be given one-eighth of the prescribed punishment, which amounts to twelve and a half lashes. Howeve

لَا يَتَزَوَّجِ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ الْمُهَاجِرَةَ فَيُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ دَارِ الْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى الْأَعْرَابِ‌[1].

Hadith.4479 - Imam Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "An Arab man should not marry a Muhajira woman (a woman who migrated for the sake of faith) and then take her out of the land of migration to the land of the Arabs."

قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ يَتَزَوَّجُ أُخْرَى أَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَضِّلَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ كَانَتْ بِكْراً فَسَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ ثَيِّباً فَثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ‌[2].

Hadith.4480 - Muhammad ibn Muslim reported: I asked Imam Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who already has a wife and then marries another woman. I asked: "Is it permissible for him to give preference to her (the new wife)?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, if she is a virgin, then seven days; and if s

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ فَهُوَ يَبِيتُ عِنْدَ ثَلَاثٍ مِنْهُنَّ فِي لَيَالِيهِنَّ وَ يَمَسُّهُنَّ فَإِذَا بَاتَ عِنْدَ الرَّابِعَةِ فِي لَيْلَتِهَا لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا فَهَلْ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذَا إِثْمٌ قَالَ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَبِيتَ عِنْدَهَا فِي لَيْلَتِهَا وَ يَظَلَّ عِنْدَهَا صَبِيحَتَهَا وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُجَامِعَهَا إِذَا لَمْ يُرِدْ

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who has four wives and spends the night with three of them during their respective nights, and he has relations with them. However, when he spends the night with the fourth one on her night, he does not have relations with her. Is there any sin upon him in this matter? Imam (as) sa

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ إِحْدَاهُمَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهَا ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ وَ الْأُخْرَى لَيْلَةً فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ أَرْبَعَ نِسْوَةٍ كَانَ لِكُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ لَيْلَةٌ فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَضِّلَ بَعْضَهُنَّ عَلَى بَعْضٍ مَا لَمْ يَكُنَّ أَرْبَعاً[2].

I asked him about a man who has two wives, one of whom is more beloved to him than the other. Imam (as) said: "He may spend three nights with her and one night with the other. However, if he wishes to marry four wives, then each wife is entitled to one night. Therefore, it is permissible for him to prefer some of them

تَزَوَّجِ الْأَمَةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ وَ لَا تَزَوَّجِ الْأَمَةَ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ وَ تَزَوَّجِ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجْتَ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَلِلْحُرَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْأَمَةِ الثُّلُثُ وَ لَيْلَتَانِ وَ لَيْلَةٌ

إِنَّ ضُرَيْساً كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ ابْنَةُ حُمْرَانَ فَجَعَلَ لَهَا أَنْ لَا يَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا يَتَسَرَّى عَلَيْهَا أَبَداً فِي حَيَاتِهَا وَ لَا بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا عَلَى أَنْ جَعَلَتْ هِيَ أَنْ لَا تَتَزَوَّجَ بَعْدَهُ وَ جَعَلَا عَلَيْهِمَا مِنَ الْحَجِّ وَ الْهَدْيِ وَ النُّذُورِ وَ كُلَّ مَالٍ لَهُمَا يَمْلِكَانِهِ فِي الْمَسَاكِينِ وَ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُمَا حُرّاً إِنْ لَمْ يَفِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ل

Durais had married the daughter of Humran, and he made a condition for her that he would neither marry another wife nor take a concubine over her, neither during her lifetime nor after her death. In return, she made a condition that she would not marry anyone after him. They also pledged that if either of them failed t

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْوَلَدَ الزِّنَى فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِنَّمَا يُكْرَهُ مَخَافَةَ الْعَارِ[2] وَ إِنَّمَا الْوَلَدُ لِلصُّلْبِ وَ إِنَّمَا الْمَرْأَةُ وِعَاءٌ- قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي الْجَارِيَةَ الْوَلَدَ الزِّنَى فَيَطَؤُهَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[3].

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who marries a child born of fornication. He (as) said: "There is no harm in it. It is only disliked due to the fear of disgrace. Indeed, the child belongs to the father, and the woman is merely a vessel." I said: What about a man who buys a bondwoman born of fornication and has rel